Implications of daily thermal variations in the ventilation and indoor CO 2 levels in the karstic system of the Altamira Cave

Daily thermal fluctuations significantly impact ventilation and indoor CO₂ levels within the Altamira Cave's karstic system, posing risks to its Paleolithic cave art. Researchers found that temperature variations influence air movement and gas concentrations, which can affect the preservation of parietal artworks. The study employed continuous monitoring of environmental variables as part of a preventive conservation plan, providing critical data on how thermal dynamics interact with indoor conditions. This insight is vital for developing effective strategies to mitigate CO₂ buildup and maintain stable microclimates in such sensitive heritage sites.

Sainz, C., Morales, I., Rábago, D., Celaya, S., Fernández, A., Fuente, I., Fernández, E., Quindós, J., & Quindós, L. (2026). Implications of daily thermal variations in the ventilation and indoor CO ₂ levels in the karstic system of the Altamira Cave. Environmental Science: Atmospheres, 6(3), 377–389. https://doi.org/10.1039/d5ea00107b