Proofs of Long-Distance Relations between Central Europe and Inland Iberian Peninsula during Neolithic and Bronze Age. Evidences from the Material Culture of the Site of El Portalón (Sierra de Atapuerca, Burgos, Spain)

Archaeological evidence from El Portalón, a key entrance to the Cueva Mayor-Cueva del Silo system in Spain's Sierra de Atapuerca, reveals sustained long-distance cultural exchanges between Central Europe and the Iberian Peninsula during the Neolithic and Bronze Ages. Analysis of bone, antler artifacts, and Boquique pottery indicates not only local production but also significant interaction with Mediterranean regions, suggesting a continuous symbiotic relationship across multiple cultural periods. This challenges the notion that such exchanges were sporadic, underscoring their enduring importance in shaping regional material culture.

Alday, A., Pérez-Romero, A., Carretero, J.-M., Galindo-Pellicena, M. Á., Adán, G., & Arsuaga, J.-L. (2015). Proofs of Long-Distance Relations between Central Europe and Inland Iberian Peninsula during Neolithic and Bronze Age. Evidences from the Material Culture of the Site of El Portalón (Sierra de Atapuerca, Burgos, Spain). Advances in Anthropology, 05(04), 294–323. https://doi.org/10.4236/aa.2015.54023