Studies of the structure of the Solovetsky reproductive gathering of beluga whales (Delphinapterus leucas) in the White Sea using the photo identification method

Research reveals that the Solovetsky Islands' beluga whale reproductive gathering (RG) is significantly larger than previously estimated, challenging assumptions based on visual monitoring. The study, conducted from 2007 to 2008 using photo identification, identified a core group of approximately 15% of females and calves that consistently visit Cape Beluzhii every summer, while others arrive seasonally, likely driven by physiological readiness for reproduction. Analysis of long-term data (1996–2008) suggests that the apparent irregularity in beluga presence—including multi-year absences—may stem from natural changes in individual markers due to shedding or sexual cycles, rather than true population turnover. This finding underscores the importance of longitudinal photo-identification studies in accurately assessing cetacean population dynamics and behavior.

Chernetsky, A. D., Krasnova, V. V., & Bel’kovich, V. M. (2011). Studies of the structure of the Solovetsky reproductive gathering of beluga whales (Delphinapterus leucas) in the White Sea using the photo identification method. Oceanology, 51(2), 275–280. https://doi.org/10.1134/s0001437011020044