Demographic and socio-economic factors influencing water governance in the Okavango Delta, Botswana

A significant gender imbalance exists in water collection within the Okavango Delta, Botswana, with women primarily responsible for this task. The study also found that small households consume more water than larger ones, while income levels are a key determinant of water consumption patterns. Affordability, distance to water sources, and intended use significantly influence access to water. However, age does not appear to affect water consumption. The research employed a mixed-methods approach, combining quantitative data from 455 household heads across three villages (Shakawe, Tubu, and Shorobe) with qualitative insights from nine key informants. Statistical analysis revealed these patterns, suggesting the need for an integrated water governance model to optimize water resource management in local communities.

Gondo, R., Kolawole, O. D., Mbaiwa, J. E., & Motsholapheko, M. R. (2020). Demographic and socio-economic factors influencing water governance in the Okavango Delta, Botswana. Scientific African, 10, e00602. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sciaf.2020.e00602