The practices and dynamics of Baalle, an indigenous governance system of Gedeo (Southwest Ethiopia)

The Gedeo people of Southwest Ethiopia possess a complex, egalitarian indigenous governance system called Baalle, which spans nine grades with eight-year terms and integrates economic, social, political, and spiritual dimensions. This study argues that the Gedeo qualify as a state due to their structured governance (Songo), sustainable land-use practices combining forestry and agriculture, and dense population. However, since their incorporation into the Ethiopian state in the late 19th century, Baalle has been subordinated, with its roles diminished despite post-1991 efforts to preserve it. The research analyzes Baalle's essence, practices, and dynamics across three historical phases (Imperial, Derg, and EPRDF regimes) using narrative interviews, observations, and focus group discussions conducted between 2018 and 2020.

Golle, T. P., Zekareas, Y. H., & Orkaydo, O. O. (2021). The practices and dynamics of Baalle, an indigenous governance system of Gedeo (Southwest Ethiopia). Kervan. International Journal of African and Asian Studies, V. 25 N. 2 (2021): Kervan. https://doi.org/10.13135/1825-263X/6311