Spatial evolution path of Gulangyu Island historical international community: from the perspective of actor-network theory

Gulangyu Island's transformation from a traditional Minnan community to a multicultural international settlement was driven by shifting key actors and their network dynamics. Research applying actor-network theory reveals that foreign nationals (1840–1902) and returning overseas Chinese (1903–1940) acted as pivotal agents, reshaping the island's spatial evolution through administrative influence and cultural integration practices. The study highlights how these actors' roles in governance and community management fostered a unique blend of Chinese and Western cultures, setting a precedent for multicultural coexistence. By analyzing historical maps and geographic data, the research offers insights into the island's development, providing a model for other coastal cities to promote sustainable, culturally diverse urbanization.

Li, Y., Guo, J., Zhao, L., Chen, Y., Wang, C., Wang, C., & Li, J. (2021). Spatial evolution path of Gulangyu Island historical international community: from the perspective of actor-network theory. Heritage Science, 9(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40494-021-00624-y