Use-wear analysis of lithic tools from the megalithic cemetery of Panoría (Granada, Spain)

A groundbreaking use-wear analysis of lithic tools from the megalithic cemetery of Panoría (Antequera Dolmens Site, Spain) reveals distinct social and ritual functions of grave goods dating to 3600–2100 cal BC. The study found that blades were likely used in farming or textile activities, while arrowheads and microliths showed evidence of projectile use, though some arrowheads—particularly those with elaborate barbs—appeared unused, suggesting a ritual significance. Cross-referencing lithic typology, frequency, and use-wear with osteological data uncovered a positive correlation between blade-related activities and musculoskeletal stress markers in human remains, while projectiles were negatively correlated with traumatic injuries. This research provides unprecedented insights into the multifaceted roles of megalithic grave goods, bridging daily subsistence practices with restricted ritual contexts.

Gibaja, J. F., Aranda-Jiménez, G., Sánchez-Romero, M., Vílchez-Suárez, M., Becerra-Fuello, P., Díaz-Zorita Bonilla, M., & Milesi-García, L. (2025). Use-wear analysis of lithic tools from the megalithic cemetery of Panoría (Granada, Spain). Archaeological and Anthropological Sciences, 18(1). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12520-025-02374-5