A Discussion on A Portuguese Embassy at The Old Summer Palace

A significant diplomatic encounter between China and Portugal during the 18th century is illuminated through a detailed analysis of historical documents, revealing the intricate dynamics of cultural exchange at the Old Summer Palace. The study highlights five key audiences between Emperor Qianlong of China and the Portuguese embassy led by Francisco Pacheco de Sampaio in 1752–1753, where both parties fulfilled their roles and aspirations, contributing to mutual understanding. By cross-referencing Chinese and Portuguese records, the research reconstructs this pivotal moment in Sino-Portuguese relations, underscoring its broader implications for historical diplomacy.

Xiaohan, X. (2025). A Discussion on A Portuguese Embassy at The Old Summer Palace. International Journal of Arts , Humanities & Social Science, 06(12), 128–133. https://doi.org/10.56734/ijahss.v6n12a13