A Glacier Surge of Bivachny Glacier, Pamir Mountains, Observed by a Time Series of High-Resolution Digital Elevation Models and Glacier Velocities

A recent surge of Bivachny Glacier in Tajikistan's Pamir Mountains, observed between 2011 and 2015, revealed a dramatic acceleration in ice flow velocities, reaching up to 3400 meters per year during its active phase. This surge, characterized by a surge bulge traveling downstream at an average speed of 4400 meters per year over 13 kilometers, was preceded by a quiescent phase with typical thickening and thinning patterns. The study used high-resolution digital elevation models (DEMs) derived from TanDEM-X data, along with optical and synthetic aperture radar satellite data to analyze glacier dynamics. Seasonal variations in ice flow velocities suggested a hydrological control of the surge, linked to the subglacial drainage system's effectiveness. This research provides insights into the complex behavior of surge-type glaciers and their response to climate change.

Wendt, A., Mayer, C., Lambrecht, A., & Floricioiu, D. (2017). A Glacier Surge of Bivachny Glacier, Pamir Mountains, Observed by a Time Series of High-Resolution Digital Elevation Models and Glacier Velocities. Remote Sensing, 9(4), 388. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs9040388