The Roman siege system of Masada: a 3D computerized analysis of a conflict landscape

A novel analysis of the Roman siege system at Masada reveals that its circumvallation wall, standing 2–2.5 meters tall, served multiple strategic functions—acting as both a physical barrier and a psychological deterrent while also providing a platform for counterattacks. Using surface surveys and photogrammetric 3D modeling, researchers determined the wall's construction likely occurred rapidly, challenging previous assumptions about the duration of such military operations. This study advances our understanding of Roman siege tactics by applying contemporary archaeological methods to a remarkably preserved but understudied conflict landscape.

Ashkenazi, H., Ze’evi-Berger, O., Gross, B., & Stiebel, G. D. (2024). The Roman siege system of Masada: a 3D computerized analysis of a conflict landscape. Journal of Roman Archaeology, 37(1), 215–240. https://doi.org/10.1017/s1047759424000084