Seismic estimation of casualties and direct economic loss to Byblos city: a contribution to the ‘100 resilient cities’ strategy

A seismic risk assessment for Byblos, one of the oldest continuously inhabited cities and a UNESCO World Heritage Site, reveals significant potential for casualties and direct economic damage from earthquakes. The study models structural building damage, fatalities, and financial losses to support Byblos' resilience strategy under the '100 Resilient Cities' initiative. It identifies critical gaps in seismic preparedness and provides actionable recommendations for emergency planning, prevention, and recovery efforts. By integrating these findings into local governance strategies, authorities can enhance civil protection and mitigate the impact of future seismic events on this culturally significant site.

Makhoul, N., Navarro, C., & Sung Lee, J. (2020). Seismic estimation of casualties and direct economic loss to Byblos city: a contribution to the ‘100 resilient cities’ strategy. Sustainable and Resilient Infrastructure, 7(3), 201–221. https://doi.org/10.1080/23789689.2020.1745531