Estimating submarine groundwater discharge in Jeju volcanic island (Korea) during a typhoon (Kong-rey) using humic-fluorescent dissolved organic matter-Si mass balance

Submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) from Jeju Volcanic Island, Korea, significantly contributes to coastal nutrient budgets during extreme weather events. A study conducted after Typhoon Kong-rey revealed that SGD-driven fluxes of dissolved nutrients and organic matter accounted for over 90% of total inputs in Hwasun Bay. Using a humic-fluorescent dissolved organic matter (FDOM H)-Si mass balance model, researchers estimated residence time at 1 day and seepage rate at 0.51 m/day, with peak fluxes including 1.7 × 10^6 mol/day for dissolved inorganic nitrogen and 38 × 10^6 g QS/day for FDOM H. This approach demonstrates potential for measuring SGD in volcanic islands under typhoon conditions, highlighting its critical role in oligotrophic coastal ecosystems.

Cho, H.-M., Kim, T.-H., Moon, J.-H., Song, B.-C., Hwang, D.-W., Kim, T., & Im, D.-H. (2021). Estimating submarine groundwater discharge in Jeju volcanic island (Korea) during a typhoon (Kong-rey) using humic-fluorescent dissolved organic matter-Si mass balance. Scientific Reports, 11(1). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-79381-0