An Investigative Study of the Theories Surrounding the Standing Buddha Statue at the Polonnaruwa Rock Temple

The standing Buddha statue at Polonnaruwa Rock Temple, Sri Lanka, embodies multiple symbolic interpretations rooted in Buddhist iconography. Research reveals that the statue's unique mudra—variously identified as Paradukkha Dukkhitha, Animisa Lochana, Swastika, or Avadhana—represents pivotal moments in Buddha's life, including the second week of his enlightenment and the Great Passing Away (Parinirvana). Additionally, its posture suggests a compassionate gaze toward beings, while theories propose it may depict Ananda Thero. The study analyzes these interpretations through secondary sources, leveraging Buddhist literature to explore their historical and symbolic significance. This approach highlights the statue's cultural and religious importance during the Polonnaruwa period (post-Anuradhapura), cementing its status as a peak in Sri Lankan Buddha statue art.

Medage, M. P. R. (2025). An Investigative Study of the Theories Surrounding the Standing Buddha Statue at the Polonnaruwa Rock Temple. Journal of Desk Research Review and Analysis, 3(1), 11–24. https://doi.org/10.4038/jdrra.v3i1.68