Managing “Buffer”

Itsukushima Shinto Shrine, a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 1996, faces increasing threats from urban encroachment and natural disasters due to global warming. Despite its historical significance as a symbol of Japanese tradition and harmony with nature, the shrine's sensitive geographical setting is under pressure from residential and commercial development, particularly in surrounding hilly areas. The study highlights the need for integrated management strategies that balance tourism growth, cultural preservation, and environmental sustainability. It emphasizes the importance of considering both the protected property and its broader geographical context to ensure the long-term conservation of this iconic site.

Utaka, Y. (2015). Managing “Buffer”. International Review for Spatial Planning and Sustainable Development, 3(2), 79–95. https://doi.org/10.14246/irspsd.3.2_79