Water Quality Index Analysis of Water Pollution of Ha Long Bay, Vietnam

A comprehensive analysis of water quality in Ha Long Bay, Vietnam, reveals significant spatial variations in pollution levels. Using 14 water quality parameters from 41 sampling sites collected in 2019, the study identified four distinct clusters through cluster analysis and principal component analysis (PCA). The first principal component indicated that Cluster I and II sites exhibited higher overall pollution levels compared to Cluster III. Notably, the second principal component distinguished between organic and inorganic pollution, with Cluster I and II scoring high for organic pollution while Cluster II also showed elevated inorganic contamination. This suggests localized hotspots of water quality degradation within the bay, warranting targeted conservation efforts.

SODA, S., & MINAMI, T. (2020). 水質総合指標による ベトナム・ハロン湾の水質汚濁状況の解析. Journal of Environmental Conservation Engineering, 49(4), 209–213. https://doi.org/10.5956/jriet.49.209