Masjed-e Jāmé of Isfahan

Biodeteriogenic Potential of Bacteria and Fungi Isolated from Deteriorated Areas of Masjed-e Jāmé of Isfahan, UNESCO Cultural Heritage

A first-of-its-kind study on the Masjed-e Jāmé of Isfahan reveals that ubiquitous bacteria and fungi—particularly Penicillium spp. and Bacillus spp.—pose a significant biodeterioration risk to this historic mosque. These microorganisms, isolated from localized deterioration areas, exhibit combined biodeteriogenic activities, including calcium carbonate dissolution, pH alteration, pigment production, and mineral precipitation. The research highlights the potential for organic acid release by fungi, which could accelerate material degradation. This study provides critical insights into the biodeteriogenic mechanisms of colonizing microorganisms, offering a foundation for preventive conservation strategies to protect this culturally significant monument, which had not been previously assessed for biodeterioration risk.