Venetian Works of Defence between the 16th and 17th Centuries: Stato da Terra – Western Stato da Mar


Publications

Multi-Analytical Study of Lime-Based Mortars from the 16th-Century Venetian Fortress of Bergamo (Italy)

2025 — Article — WHEA2E5F1B06B

A multi-analytical study of lime-based mortars from the 16th-century Venetian Fortress of Bergamo reveals that these mortars possess hydraulic properties, likely due to interactions between lime and reactive silicate aggregates. The research, employing X-ray diffraction (XRD), inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrophotometry (ICP-OES), optical microscopy (OM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and thermogravimetric analysis (TG), identified a range of compounds including calcite, hydrocalumite, hydrotalcite-type phases, brucite, aragonite, plombierite, and significant amorphous content (14–27 wt%). The mortars are notably magnesium-rich, containing 4–5 wt% brucite, with no evidence of magnesite or hydromagnesite. The CO₂/H₂O bound ratio further supports the hydraulic nature of these mortars, suggesting advanced construction techniques used in Renaissance-era Venetian fortifications.

Venice, an Archipelago of Art and Ecologies

2025 — Book — WHE8F06708CD1

Venice serves as a unique case study for addressing the dual challenges of cultural preservation and ecological fragility. This volume highlights Venice's role as an 'archipelago of art and ecologies,' demonstrating how artistic and curatorial practices can contribute to both ecological transition and cultural regeneration. It brings together interdisciplinary perspectives from scholars, artists, museum professionals, and curators to explore innovative solutions for mitigating the impacts of climate change and overtourism. The research approach combines socio-ecological analysis with creative interventions, offering a model for balancing heritage conservation with sustainable development in vulnerable urban environments.

Venice flooding and sea level: past evolution, present issues, and future projections (introduction to the special issue)

2021 — Editorial — WHEF04BE36AE5

Venice faces increasing flooding threats due to rising relative sea levels and extreme water heights. Research indicates that these hazards will likely worsen and accelerate throughout the 21st century, potentially rendering current defense strategies inadequate under high-emission scenarios. The study highlights the challenges posed by compound events, which complicate flood forecasting and the operation of mobile barriers like MoSE. Future research must focus on reducing uncertainty in sea level rise projections while developing adaptive planning strategies to address these challenges effectively.

Introduction to the special issue Venice flooding and sea level: past evolution, present issues and future projections

2020 — Preprint — WHE29D48C1C37

Venice, a UNESCO World Heritage Site of immense historical and cultural value, faces increasing flooding risks due to rising sea levels. A recent special issue highlights that the frequency of extreme sea-level events is accelerating, posing significant challenges for flood prediction and management, particularly with the operation of the MoSE mobile barriers. The research emphasizes the need for adaptive planning strategies to address uncertainties in future relative sea level changes, which are influenced by anthropogenic emissions and structural model features. While uncertainty may not be substantially reduced soon, understanding compound events is crucial for effective flood forecasting.

Ricostruire la memoria dello Stato da Mar attraverso un percorso di conoscenza, documentazione e disegno

2020 — Book chapter — WHE30931485FB

A digital archive of Venetian military architecture in the Dalmatia and Montenegro regions reveals the enduring legacy of the Stato da Mar, a coastal defense system established by the Republic of Venice. This study demonstrates how advanced documentation techniques, including 3D modeling and digital mapping, can reconstruct historical connections between fortified structures, construction methods, and their strategic significance. The research highlights the potential for such archives to support international conservation efforts and promote awareness of this UNESCO-listed heritage. By analyzing the Bocche di Cattaro, a key Venetian stronghold, the team developed methodologies for data collection that could be applied globally to similar sites.

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