The Depiction of Heaven and Hell in the Karmawibangga Reliefs of Borobudur Temple: An Overview of Character Education

The Karmawibangga reliefs at Borobudur Temple vividly depict the Buddhist concepts of heaven and hell, illustrating the consequences of karma—a doctrine central to Buddhism. These reliefs serve as a moral guide, showing how actions influence one's afterlife, whether in blissful heavens marked by the kalpawrksa tree or punitive hells described in ancient Javanese texts. The study analyzes these depictions to highlight their role in character education, emphasizing the temple's function as both a spiritual and educational site. By examining Buddhist scriptures, inscriptions, and manuscripts, the research underscores Borobudur's significance in preserving and transmitting moral teachings through art.

Iswahyudi, I. (2021). The Depiction of Heaven and Hell in the Karmawibangga Reliefs of Borobudur Temple: An Overview of Character Education. Randwick International of Education and Linguistics Science Journal, 2(4), 568–579. https://doi.org/10.47175/rielsj.v2i4.344