The impact of social classes on the residential heritage Buildings Erbil Citadel as a case study

A study on the Erbil Citadel reveals that social class divisions significantly influenced the design of residential buildings, supporting the hypothesis that class distinctions shape architectural heritage. The research, employing a historical and analytical approach, examined three distinct regions within the citadel—Saray, Takiya, and Topkhana—reflecting Ottoman Empire social stratification until 1918. Findings indicate that economic, professional, lifestyle, and cultural factors underpinning class differences translated into architectural variations in residential structures. The study's two-part methodology first explored theoretical aspects of social layering and historical context, followed by an analysis of how these dynamics manifested in the citadel's design. This work contributes to understanding the interplay between societal structures and tangible heritage preservation.

Salih, C., Seed, B., & Ali, Assist. Prof. Dr. A. (2019). The impact of social classes on the residential heritage Buildings Erbil Citadel as a case study. Sulaimani Journal for Engineering Sciences, 6(1), 64–80. https://doi.org/10.17656/sjes.10077