Old Javanese Seating Equipment as Depicted on the Base Relief of Borobudur Temple

A novel analysis of Borobudur Temple's base reliefs reveals the diversity and intricacies of Old Javanese seating equipment and accessories, offering a unique glimpse into socio-cultural practices during the 9th century. The study identifies distinct types of seating—ranging from knee-height to ground-level designs—and their associated accessories, such as knee straps, backrests, and seat cushions, which were categorized as either personal or communal with wide seats. By examining the karmawibangga story panel in Borobudur's kamadhatu section, researchers leveraged the temple's precise proportions to analyze these elements, providing a foundation for innovative product design inspired by Old Javanese culture. This approach combines art historical interpretation with functional analysis, bridging ancient craftsmanship and modern applications.

Sumarno, Sunarmi, & Kusmadi. (2021). OLD JAVANESE SEATING EQUIPMENT AS DEPICTED ON THE BASE RELIEF OF BOROBUDUR TEMPLE. Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University, 56(4), 26–35. Internet Archive. https://doi.org/10.35741/issn.0258-2724.56.4.4