Geophysical exploration of castle remains in Barwałd Górny (near Kalwaria Zebrzydowska, Poland) using electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) with assistance of depth of investigation index (DOI) method

Geophysical surveys at the ruins of a 14th-century castle atop Mount Żar, near Kalwaria Zebrzydowska, Poland, revealed potential remnants of castle walls and buildings buried underground. Using Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT) in March 2014, researchers mapped subsurface structures with high precision. The Depth-of-Investigation (DOI) index method enhanced interpretation by providing insights into the depth and extent of detected anomalies. This non-invasive approach offers a promising tool for archaeological exploration at UNESCO World Heritage Sites, where traditional excavation is limited or impractical.

Glazer, M., Kula, D., Saternus, R., & Lewicki, P. (2014). Geophysical exploration of castle remains in Barwałd Górny (near Kalwaria Zebrzydowska, Poland) using electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) with assistance of depth of investigation index (DOI) method. Contemporary Trends in Geoscience, 3(1), 24–31. https://doi.org/10.2478/ctg-2014-0019