A Non-Linear Finite Element Approach to predict the Structural Damage of the Narthex of the Bethlehem Nativity Church

Advanced numerical simulations reveal that the narthex of Bethlehem's Church of the Nativity, characterized by five decaying cross vaults and significant structural damage, likely experienced progressive deformation due to complex internal stresses. Using a non-linear finite element approach with tetrahedron elements obeying damage plasticity laws, researchers reconstructed the evolution of damage in the narthex, achieving a deformed configuration closely matching observed conditions. This model validated hypotheses about the causes of damage, providing critical insights for ongoing restoration efforts. The study integrates archival research, subsoil inspections, and laser scanning data to offer a precise understanding of the structural behavior under historical and environmental loads.

Milani, G., Del Grosso, A., Alessandri, C., & Valente, M. A Non-Linear Finite Element Approach to predict the Structural Damage of the Narthex of the Bethlehem Nativity Church. Proceedings of the Fifteenth International Conference on Civil, Structural and Environmental Engineering Computing, 108. https://doi.org/10.4203/ccp.108.58