Borobudur Temple: the Interchange of Humanity Values and Ancient Architecture Development in Southeast Asia

Borobudur Temple, a UNESCO World Heritage Site in Indonesia, stands as a testament to the pinnacle of Buddhist civilization and architectural innovation developed by the Syailendra dynasty. This study posits that Borobudur represents the zenith of Buddhist art and thought, surpassing even the Gupta arts of India, and serves as a foundational monument influencing sacred temple designs across Southeast Asia, including those in ancient Khmer regions. The research explores how Borobudur encapsulates the cultural synthesis of pre-temple Java, blending local experiences with Buddhist architectural concepts. It highlights the temple's unique value in humanistic knowledge, religious artistry, and advanced construction technology, positioning it as a masterpiece of ingenuity that continues to inspire global heritage studies.

Munandar, A. A. (2018). BOROBUDUR TEMPLE: THE INTERCHANGE OF HUMANITY VALUES AND ANCIENT ARCHITECTURE DEVELOPMENT IN SOUTHEAST ASIA. International Review of Humanities Studies, 1(2). https://doi.org/10.7454/irhs.v1i2.8