Global–local relationships and governance issues at the Great Wall World Heritage Site, China

At the Badaling section of China's Great Wall tourism and heritage preservation coexist with both benefits and tensions. Research reveals that while local businesses strongly support tourism—prioritizing economic gains—they also show high awareness for heritage conservation, albeit with some tolerance for environmental impacts. The study highlights conflicts between global UNESCO standards and local development needs, noting weak international linkages at the site. Using interviews with officials and surveys of local operators, it maps a complex, hierarchical management structure that shapes preservation efforts and tourism policies.

Su, M. M., & Wall, G. (2012). Global–local relationships and governance issues at the Great Wall World Heritage Site, China. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 20(8), 1067–1086. https://doi.org/10.1080/09669582.2012.671330