Power and its exercise in the Vatican City State

Vatican City State stands as a unique exception to the global principle of separation between church and state, with the Roman Pontiff wielding both religious and secular power. This study reveals how rule of law principles operate to constrain the exercise of this dual authority within the Vatican's governance structure. By analyzing the tensions inherent in the Pontiff's role as head of state, the research demonstrates that even in this singular context, legal frameworks serve to balance power among the state's organs. The approach combines historical analysis with contemporary legal scrutiny, offering insights into how a theocratic state navigates modern governance challenges while adhering to democratic and constitutional norms.

Dyda, K. (2024). Power and its exercise in the Vatican City State. Ecclesiastical Law Journal, 26(3), 259–275. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0956618x24000486