Kinetic, Thermodynamic, and Isothermal Studies on Methylene Blue Adsorption on Jordanian Desert Sand

Research demonstrates that Wadi Rum desert sand effectively adsorbs methylene blue, a common water pollutant from dyestuff manufacturing waste. The study found the adsorption process follows pseudo-second order kinetics with high correlation (R² = 0.9999), indicating rapid and efficient dye removal. Thermodynamic analysis revealed the process is spontaneous (∆G° = -6.345 kJ mol⁻¹) and exothermic (∆H° = -23.860 kJ mol⁻¹). The Freundlich isotherm model best fit the experimental data, suggesting heterogeneous adsorption. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) confirmed methylene blue deposition on sand particles. This cost-effective, environmentally benign method offers a promising solution for water decontamination in arid regions.

Al-Msiedeen, A. (2023). Kinetic, Thermodynamic, and Isothermal Studies on Methylene Blue Adsorption on Jordanian Desert Sand. Russian Journal of Physical Chemistry A, 97(13), 3126–3135. https://doi.org/10.1134/s0036024423130046