Nesting Ecology of Gharials (Gavialis gangeticus): Implications from In Situ and Ex Situ Conservation Programs in Chitwan National Park, Nepal

A long-term study on the nesting ecology of critically endangered Gharials (Gavialis gangeticus) in Chitwan National Park, Nepal, revealed significant insights into their reproductive behavior and conservation implications. The research, spanning 17 years from 2001 to 2017, identified a consistent nesting window with a mean oviposition date of March 31, and hatching occurring around June 15 after an average incubation period of 76 days. Notably, the study found that while clutch size and infertile egg proportions were higher in the Narayani River compared to the Rapti River, hatching success was significantly greater in the Rapti River. Additionally, nests in the Narayani River were positioned farther from the water's edge, likely as an adaptation to prevent flooding. This comprehensive study provides critical data for designing and optimizing both in situ and ex situ conservation programs for Gharials in Nepal.

Khadka, B., Bashyal, A., Luitel, K. P., & Kandel, R. C. (2020). Nesting Ecology of Gharials (Gavialis gangeticus): Implications from In Situ and Ex Situ Conservation Programs in Chitwan National Park, Nepal. Herpetologica, 76(3), 297. https://doi.org/10.1655/herpetologica-d-19-00038.1