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Publications

Showing 21101 – 21120 of 30345 publications

Thermodynamic Analysis of Chalk–Brine–Oil Interactions

Stevns Klint — 2017 — WHE958A33CBCD

A thermodynamic model initially developed for calcite-brine interactions fails to accurately predict reactive transport in natural carbonates, such as Stevns Klint chalk. Researchers found that ζ potential data alone is insufficient for optimizing surface complexation models (SCMs) for predicting ion breakthrough during core flooding experiments. By refining the SCM with coupled transport modeling and incorporating chromatographic data, they successfully correlated remaining oil saturation in spontaneous imbibition experiments to the bonding between amine/carboxylate groups on oil surfaces and carbonate/protonated calcium sites on chalk. This study advances understanding of chalk-oil-brine interactions, offering insights for enhanced oil recovery strategies.

Thermoregulatory behavior and high thermal preference buffer impact of climate change in a Namib Desert lizard

Namib Sand Sea — 2017 — WHE24E61B7F36

A Namibian lizard, Pedioplanis husabensis, exhibits remarkable thermoregulatory behavior that buffers the impact of climate change. Despite inhabiting one of the world's most thermally harsh environments, this diurnal and xeric-adapted species maintains a high thermal preference while also regulating its body temperature below critical limits during extreme heat. The study integrated micro-scale thermoregulation data with macroclimate models across its range, revealing that populations persist even in the hottest regions without evidence of range shifts since the 1960s. However, the species' narrow safety margin between thermal preference and critical maximum suggests potential range reductions under moderate climate change scenarios.

Thismia hawkesii W.E.Cooper and T. lanternatus W.E.Cooper (Thismiaceae), two new fairy lantern species from the Wet Tropics Bioregion, Queensland, Australia

Wet Tropics of Queensland — 2017 — WHEEED131A804

Two new species of fairy lanterns, Thismia hawkesii and T. lanternatus, have been discovered in the Wet Tropics Bioregion of Queensland, Australia. These findings expand the known diversity of the genus Thismia (family Thismiaceae) in Australia. The study provides detailed descriptions, illustrations, and notes on habitat, distribution, and morphological characteristics of these species. Additionally, a key to all Australian Thismia species is included, facilitating their identification. The research contributes to the understanding of plant systematics in one of Australia's most biodiverse regions, the Wet Tropics, recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

Threat of blast fishing on coral diversity in Peucang Island, Ujung Kulon National Park, Indonesia

Ujung Kulon National Park — 2017 — WHE2411C3AC32

A study on Peucang Island, part of Ujung Kulon National Parkreveals that coral coverage at 8-meter depths is significantly lower (44.02%) than at 2-meter depths, indicating severe damage likely caused by blast fishing. The research, conducted using the Point Intercept Transect method, found reduced Diversity Indices, Dominance Indices, and Evenness Index across all sites, suggesting low coral diversity without dominant species. Over three years, coral damage increased by 0.7% annually due to fish bombing, a persistent threat despite legal protections. The findings highlight the fragility of coral ecosystems and the urgent need for stronger conservation measures to mitigate human-induced disturbances.

Three different types of plumbing system beneath the neighboring active volcanoes of Tolbachik, Bezymianny, and Klyuchevskoy in Kamchatka

Volcanoes of Kamchatka — 2017 — WHE38DD3D408A

Research reveals three distinct volcanic plumbing systems beneath neighboring active volcanoes—Klyuchevskoy, Bezymianny, and Tolbachik—in Kamchatka’s Klyuchevskoy group. Klyuchevskoy’s basaltic lavas ascend vertically from a deep reservoir (25–30 km), while Bezymianny’s explosive eruptions stem from dispersed crustal reservoirs where felsic material separates and rises, forming andesitic magma. Tolbachik’s low-viscosity basalts exploit regional fault intersections, ascending via fracture networks. The study used seismic data from temporary and permanent networks (2014–2015) to map 3D crustal structures beneath the volcanoes, uncovering high-resolution insights into their unique feeding systems for the first time.

Three New Species of Rectiostoma Becker, 1982 (Lepidoptera: Gelechioidea: Depressariidae) from Area De Conservación Guanacaste, Northwestern Costa Rica

Area de Conservación Guanacaste — 2017 — WHE3AD00A9257

Researchers have identified three new species of the moth genus Rectiostoma from Area de Conservación Guanacaste (ACG) in northwestern Costa Rica: R. annemayae, R. eowilsoni, and R. philipmayi. Using DNA barcoding of cytochrome oxidase I, alongside morphological analysis of male and female genitalia, the study confirmed these species as distinct. The findings include the first host plant records for Neotropical Rectiostoma species and provide illustrations of adult specimens, their genitalia, and larval photographs for two species. A neighbor-joining tree with supporting statistics further supports the taxonomic distinctions.

Three Stones Make a Wall

Archaeological Site of Troy — 2017 — WHEAB6F0E0128

Three Stones Make a Wall offers a comprehensive exploration of the evolution of archaeology from its amateur roots to its current status as a cutting-edge science. The book highlights significant archaeological sites, including Troy, Pompeii, and Petra, while delving into the stories behind major discoveries and the personalities who shaped them. It addresses fundamental questions about excavation processes, dating methods, and the ownership of artifacts, providing a vivid narrative that bridges historical accounts with modern scientific practices.

Three Stones Make a Wall: The Story of Archaeology

Archaeological Site of Olympia — 2017 — WHE1CF6C5F0B1

Eric Cline's 'Three Stones Make a Wall: The Story of Archaeology' offers an eclectic tour of significant archaeological discoveries and research, focusing on sites such as Olympia, Troy, Ur, and the Maya. The book provides insights into the methods and controversies surrounding key excavations, including Schliemann's work at Troy and the use of LIDAR surveys in modern archaeology. It also delves into the stories of notable figures like Agatha Christie, who was involved in the excavation at Ur, and Yigael Yadin, a prominent Israeli archaeologist. The narrative spans from prehistoric sites to classical civilizations, with a particular emphasis on the eastern Mediterranean and biblical archaeology. Cline's work aims to captivate general readers by highlighting exciting stories and discoveries, though it is noted for its uneven coverage of global prehistory and archaeological methods.

Timbuktu in Terror: Architecture and Iconoclasm in Contemporary Africa

Timbuktu — 2017 — WHE5D72A8636E

Ansar Dine's iconoclastic campaign in Timbuktu, driven by extremist self-fashioning, transcends religious orthodoxy. The study reveals that the destruction of architectural sites was not merely an exercise in enforcing conservative Islamic governance but a ritualistic act aimed at crafting a globally extremist identity. This insight emerges from analyzing the nature and performative quality of the destructive actions against Timbuktu's historical and heritage significance, which has long been a crossroads of global currents.

Timbuktu: What Call to Action?

Timbuktu — 2017 — WHE03627DFBA2

Abderrahmane Sissako's film 'Timbuktu' (2014) reveals the hypocrisy and intolerance of Islamist jihadists who occupied Timbuktu, Mali, in 2012–13. The film highlights their attempts to enforce rigid Salafi codes while simultaneously exposing their confusion and lack of understanding of the region's rich Muslim culture. Notably, the climax of the film depicts a conflict between a fisherman and a herder, illustrating that violence was not solely perpetrated by jihadists. This analysis, co-authored by a scholar of West African cinema and a historian of northern Mali, interprets Sissako's urgent call to action while critically examining the film's representation of Timbuktu's complex history.

Timing of 29 Pulsars Discovered in the Palfa Survey

Jodrell Bank Observatory — 2017 — WHE7A6EA63E6B

Researchers have discovered 29 distant long-period pulsars, with four exhibiting notable characteristics. Two pulsars, J1907+0631 and J1925+1720, are young and associated with supernova remnants or plerionic nebulae. One pulsar, J1932+1500, is in an eccentric binary orbit with a companion of at least 0.33 solar masses. Additionally, two pulsars, J0611+1436 and J1907+0631, experienced large glitches, with PSR J0611+1436's rotational period taking an unusually long time to recover. The study used multi-frequency data from the Arecibo Telescope and Jodrell Bank Observatory to measure interstellar scattering properties and other pulsar characteristics.

Title: Vision of the Reconstruction of Destructed Monuments of Palmyra (3D) as a Step to Rehabilitate and Preserve the WHOlesite

Site of Palmyra — 2017 — WHEE2673939BE

The reconstruction of destroyed monuments at Palmyra offers a vision for rehabilitating and preserving the entire site. This study leverages new ideas and technologies to propose a future for Palmyra as a historical protection precinct, treating its areas as an open museum of heritage. The research focuses on key monuments such as the temple of Ba’al, temple of Bael-shameen, Arch of Triumph, Castle, Tetrapylon, and Stag, which were severely damaged or demolished. By organizing workshops to explore reconstruction visions, the study aims to restore Palmyra's significance while addressing the emotional and cultural impact of its destruction on both Syrians and the global community.

To Cut a Long Story Short: Formal Chronological Modelling for the Late Neolithic Site of Ness of Brodgar, Orkney

Heart of Neolithic Orkney — 2017 — WHECAE8987131

Formal chronological modeling of the Ness of Brodgar, a Late Neolithic site in Orkney, reveals that its monumental structures, including piered architecture and Structure 10, were already in use by the 30th century cal BC. Activity at the site likely ceased around 2800 cal BC, with subsequent cattle feasting deposits occurring between the mid-25th to late 24th/23rd centuries cal BC. This challenges earlier assumptions about the site's longevity and suggests a possible connection to broader cultural shifts, such as the emergence of Beaker culture. The study relied on radiocarbon dating of 39 samples, analyzed within two distinct chronological models to account for interpretative uncertainties.

To Think Like a Bird

Vegaøyan – The Vega Archipelago — 2017 — WHEF683B6B281

A unique ethno-ethographic approach demonstrates that wild eiders can be successfully accustomed to human activities, challenging long-held assumptions by both traditional harvesters and scientists. The study, part of a PhD project on Nordland birdcare, used video cameras to explore the practical dimensions of this relationship-building process, emphasizing performativity over human perception. This method, inspired by Grasseni's 'enskillment of visions,' reveals how reciprocal domestication between humans and eiders can be achieved through shelter provision, with birds contributing down as a form of 'rent.' The research highlights the potential for sustainable eider down harvesting in the Vega Archipelago.

Toolkit for intensive work with metadata in specialized information systems

Ensemble of the Ferapontov Monastery — 2017 — WHEE6D5E8AF19

A dynamic metadata toolkit for specialized information systems has been developed to enable real-time modifications of both data and metadata models by users, addressing the challenges of heterogeneous data storage. This approach is demonstrated through its application in a digital registrar project for the UNESCO-listed Ferapontov Monastery, focusing on the 16th-century Dionisius frescoes in the Cathedral of the Nativity of the Virgin. The toolkit's adaptability allows for efficient management and analysis of cultural heritage data, providing a scalable solution for preserving and studying historical artifacts.

Topographical indications for the site of the hippodrome of Delphi

Archaeological Site of Delphi — 2017 — WHEF0AEBB2923

Researchers have identified the likely location of Delphi's ancient hippodrome, long considered lost beneath alluvial soils. The site at Gonia, 1 km north of Itea, aligns with ancient literary descriptions and meets key features of a Greek hippodrome: an elongated space (~1 km) suitable for racing, natural slopes ideal for spectators' stands (with carved stone seats), and an amphitheatrical northern end featuring a column drum resembling turning-posts from other racecourses. This discovery challenges assumptions about the monument's location, invites reevaluation of Delphi's Archaic stadium, and raises questions about equestrian event participation. The study combines topographical analysis with ancient source interpretation to solve a long-standing archaeological puzzle.

Topographies of Power in Aghlabid-Era Kairouan

Kairouan — 2017 — WHED353951487

Aghlabid-era Kairouan emerges as a pivotal node in early medieval North African economic and political networks, challenging its historical neglect despite the enduring significance of its monuments. This study reveals how the Aghlabids, the first dynasty to mint gold dinars outside Abbasid heartlands (800–909), interacted with Mediterranean neighbors and rivals through interdisciplinary analysis of history, art, architecture, archaeology, and numismatics. By synthesizing findings from international specialists, it demonstrates Kairouan's centrality in global trade and diplomacy, reshaping our understanding of the region's role in early Islamic art and political dynamics.

Total organic carbon and its environmental significance for the surface sediments in groundwater recharged lakes from the Badain Jaran Desert, northwest China

Badain Jaran Desert - Towers of Sand and Lakes — 2017 — WHEE89250FBA3

Extremely low total organic carbon (TOC) content in surface sediments of groundwater-recharged lakes in the Badain Jaran Desert, ranging from 0.03% to 1.01%, suggests that TOC alone is insufficient as a proxy for reconstructing paleolake evolution due to varied and multiple sources of organic matter. The study analyzed 109 sediment samples from five lakes without runoff recharge, revealing spatial variations in TOC content influenced by bathymetry topography and wind-induced wave activity. Larger lakes (>0.21 km²) showed higher TOC content, while smaller lakes exhibited deeper water accumulation affected by multiple factors. These findings highlight the need to consider lake area when using sediment TOC for paleoenvironmental reconstruction in hyper-arid regions.

Tourism in contemporary cities: 6th ITSA Biennial Conference

Maritime Greenwich — 2017 — WHE037DD3F244

A landmark conference at UNESCO's Maritime Greenwich World Heritage Site shed light on the evolving dynamics of urban tourism, particularly focusing on heritage tourism. The 6th ITSA Biennial Conference, held in 2016, brought together 200 delegates from 29 countries to explore sub-themes such as river, cruise, and maritime tourism, reflecting Greenwich's unique position as a global tourism hub. Special sessions on dark tourism and communist heritage further enriched the discussion, leading to additional research outputs. The conference highlighted the significance of urban tourism in shaping contemporary cities, with keynote presentations offering insights into this complex interplay.

Tourism in the Fond Gens Libre Indigenous community in Saint Lucia

Pitons Management Area — 2017 — WHEFDABEC5171

Fond Gens Libre, an indigenous community nestled at the foot of Saint Lucia's UNESCO-listed Pitons Management Area (PMA), faces significant challenges in poverty and limited livelihood opportunities despite its strategic location. This study highlights the community's historical significance as a descendant settlement of the Brigands since the 1700s, yet underscores its economic vulnerabilities within one of the Caribbean's few natural UNESCO World Heritage Sites. The research employs qualitative methods to explore tourism's potential role in addressing these challenges, offering insights into sustainable ethnodevelopment strategies for remote, culturally rich communities.