World Heritage Research: Search

Publications

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Woody habitats promote pollinators and complexity of plant–pollinator interactions in homegardens located in rice terraces of the Philippine Cordilleras

Rice Terraces of the Philippine Cordilleras — 2017 — WHEA1B007A9FE

Woody habitats significantly enhance bee diversity and abundance, as well as the complexity of plant-pollinator interactions in homegardens within the UNESCO-listed Rice Terraces of the Philippine Cordilleras. The study found that wild bee richness was higher in gardens surrounded by woody areas compared to those farther from woodlands, while bee abundance increased with greater flower cover. Wild bees were also more active on cultivated plants than domesticated bees (Apis cerana), contributing to 76% of total flower visits. Pollinator-plant networks were more intricate in gardens near woody habitats, highlighting the ecological importance of preserving and restoring such landscapes for sustainable pollination services in smallholder agricultural systems.

Working Silver for the World: Mining Labor and Popular Economy in Colonial Potosí

City of Potosí — 2017 — WHE7A0982CCB8

Colonial Potosí's silver mining labor system was fundamentally shaped by indigenous workers, challenging the traditional narrative of Spanish dominance. This study reveals how coerced and free labor—mitayos and mingas—interacted with self-employed k’ajchas and rudimentary ore mills (trapiches) to contest Spanish property rights over mines and mills. It also highlights the pivotal role of women in refining and trading ores, contradicting conventional gender assumptions about mining labor. By the 18th century, a diverse popular economy had emerged, breaking the Spanish monopoly on production. The research analyzes historical records to demonstrate these dynamics, offering new insights into the agency of indigenous workers and the evolution of Potosí's economic landscape.

World Heritage and a National Register: The Canadian Experience

Old Town Lunenburg — 2017 — WHEA2AB2719AC

Canada's experience with UNESCO World Heritage Sites, particularly Old Québec and Old Town Lunenburg, reveals how national heritage registers can shape global recognition. The study highlights that heritage value is the key criterion for World Heritage List inscription, driving conservation efforts and international significance. By comparing Canadian and international experiences, it underscores the impact of such designations on historic urban landscapes, including economic, cultural, and social transformations.

World Heritage and human rights policy in Vietnam

Hoi An Ancient Town — 2017 — WHE6BE9836F63

Vietnam's legal framework for managing UNESCO World Heritage Sites, including Hoi An Ancient Town, must adapt to align with recent UN policies on sustainable development and human rights. The study highlights that while Vietnamese law guarantees fair trials and participation rights for residents near these sites, current regulations may not fully protect ethnic minorities or ensure equitable access to resources and livelihoods. A human rights-based approach is proposed to bridge gaps between national legislation and international standards, ensuring the protection of local communities' rights in heritage conservation efforts.

World Heritage as a placebo brand: a comparative analysis of three sites and marketing implications

Independence Hall — 2017 — WHE0003AE661E

A comparative analysis of three UNESCO World Heritage Sites—Independence Hall (USA), Studenica Monastery (Serbia), and Volubilis (Morocco)—reveals that the World Heritage (WH) brand may function as a placebo, failing to motivate visitors despite higher awareness levels. Survey data from 771 participants across these sites identified distinct visitor clusters, with one group showing greater WH brand recognition but no behavioral influence from it. The study suggests that reliance on the WH List for tourism development could be detrimental in the long term, potentially harming both sites and local economies dependent on tourism. This finding challenges the assumption of the WH brand's economic benefits, indicating its value may be more tied to political interests than tangible outcomes.

World Heritage Conservation

Central Amazon Conservation Complex — 2017 — WHE649CC7435F

World Heritage Conservation emerges as a pivotal interdisciplinary field, leveraging the UNESCO World Heritage Convention to foster sustainable development and global dialogue. The convention, rooted in the principles of outstanding universal value and international cooperation, provides a robust framework for the protection and management of culturally and naturally significant sites worldwide. This book critically examines strategies for implementing the convention and heritage governance processes, offering insights that are applicable across diverse disciplines. It highlights the growing globalization of heritage and the need for inclusive debates, common tools, and shared understanding to address conservation challenges effectively. With over a thousand inscribed properties, from biodiverse regions like the Central Amazon Conservation Complex to urban landscapes such as Rio de Janeiro, this work serves as an essential resource for students, researchers, and professionals engaged in heritage identification, protection, and presentation.

World Heritage list = tourism attractiveness?

Rock Art of Alta — 2017 — WHE07FF745E63

Being listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site significantly enhances the tourist attractiveness of cultural and historical landmarks, but their success depends on strategic regional placement and targeted investment. This study analyzed two sites in Alta, northern Norway—the Hjemmeluft rock carving fields and Struve's Geodetic Arch—to demonstrate that tourism potential is not inherent to heritage status alone but requires integration into a broader tourist infrastructure and allocation of resources to cater to specific visitor groups. The research underscores the tension between leveraging World Heritage recognition for economic benefits and the ethical obligation of public institutions to prioritize limited funds, questioning whether such investments are justified or sustainable in the long term.

World Heritage Making in Angkor

Angkor — 2017 — WHE046D4C94E9

World Heritage designation has emerged as a global phenomenon, reshaping cultural representation and identity on a worldwide scale. This study examines how Angkor, one of UNESCO's most iconic World Heritage Sites, exemplifies this process through modern media, including TV, films, DVDs, and the internet, which amplify its cultural significance. The research explores the mechanisms by which World Heritage making recreates and shares specific cultures, ethnic groups, or national symbols, highlighting its role in fostering universal recognition. By analyzing these media-driven flows, the study reveals how Angkor's heritage is both preserved and reimagined for global audiences.

World Heritage Sites through the Eyes of New Tourists – Who Cares about World Heritage Brand in Budapest?

Budapest, including the Banks of the Danube, the Buda Castle Quarter and Andrássy Avenue — 2017 — WHE16F06896DF

Tourists visiting Budapest's UNESCO World Heritage Sites often overlook the significance of these designations, despite their cultural importance. A study analyzing Tripadvisor reviews revealed that while visitors appreciate the attractions and experiences offered by sites like Buda Castle Quarter and Andrássy Avenue, they are largely unaware of their UNESCO status. This research underscores the potential for place branding and new technologies to enhance visitor awareness and engagement with heritage values. The analysis also highlighted areas for improvement in interpretation, attraction management, and overall visitor experience, suggesting that leveraging digital tools could effectively draw attention to the authentic cultural value of these sites.

XIII–XIV amžiaus Kernavės keramika

Kernavė Archaeological Site (Cultural Reserve of Kernavė) — 2017 — WHE06F625AC46

Analysis of medieval pottery from Kernavė (13th–14th centuries) reveals the role and evolution of ceramic production in early urban society. By examining technological, morphological, and ornamental properties, researchers identified stylistic vessel groups and traced their dispersion, providing insights into functional significance and development over time and space.

Yerel Halk Gözüyle Turistik Talebin Kültürel Mirasa Etkisi: Kapadokya Örneği

Göreme National Park and the Rock Sites of Cappadocia — 2017 — WHE6666FF90F5

Local perceptions in Cappadocia reveal a nuanced view of tourism's impact on cultural heritage. While residents acknowledge both positive and negative effects, they generally support tourism activities that enhance natural landscapes like fairy chimneys and ballooning, while advocating for reforms to mitigate harm to cultural elements. The study, using Likert-scale questionnaires and ANOVA analysis, found significant variation in perspectives based on demographics such as age, education, profession, and residence. Residents perceive the region's capacity to serve visitors and its ability to meet touristic demand as 'sufficient,' suggesting a balanced but cautious approach to tourism development.

Zajímavé nálezy (nejen) zlomků pozdně středověkých kamnových kachlů z Národního hřebčína v Kladrubech nad Labem

Landscape for Breeding and Training of Ceremonial Carriage Horses at Kladruby nad Labem — 2017 — WHE63E298B6FE

A small-scale rescue archaeological excavation at the UNESCO World Heritage-listed Landscape for Breeding and Training of Ceremonial Carriage Horses in Kladruby nad Labem uncovered fragments of late medieval stove tiles, offering rare insights into an otherwise lost period. These findings contribute to understanding the historical development of the National Stud, providing tangible evidence from a time when standing structures no longer exist. The study highlights the significance of such artifacts in reconstructing the past, particularly in contexts where written records are scarce or incomplete.

Zoomorphic image from Ashutasty: artistic culture of the Saryarka ancient population

Saryarka – Steppe and Lakes of Northern Kazakhstan — 2017 — WHE504F37D58F

A zoomorphic image of a feline predator, discovered during the excavation of kurgan no. 10 at the Ashutasty-1 burial ground in northern Kazakhstan, provides new insights into the artistic culture of ancient Saryarka populations dating back to the 7th–6th centuries BC. The image, analyzed alongside funeral ceremony features and a bronze tip, reveals close analogies with Saka-era burials such as Akbeit, Baike-2, Karashoky, and Taldy-2, suggesting shared cultural influences across the region. The study, conducted by the Institute of Archaeology named after A.Kh. Margulan in 2015, situates this discovery within the broader historical and cultural landscape of Saryarka, stretching from Shyngystau to Ulytau. Comparisons with other synchronous pictorial monuments, including those from Jetysu, Southern Aral area, Kazakh Altay, Southern Ural, and Tuva, underscore the significance of Ashutasty-1 as a key site for understanding the artistic expressions of ancient steppe societies.

Zoonotic diagrams: mastering and unsettling human‐animal relations

Grand Canyon National Park — 2017 — WHE7F352DC5C1

Zoonotic diagrams, traditionally used to depict animal-human infection pathways, serve dual roles: they both assert human mastery over interspecies relations and challenge these dynamics. The study analyzes the emergence and application of such diagrams in two contexts—the Grand Canyon National Park's plague warning sign and the CDC's Ebola outbreak campaign—revealing their biopolitical operations. While these diagrams aim to guide public behavior, they also create spaces for unsettling human-animal relations, highlighting the complexities and tensions inherent in representing zoonotic cycles.

О работе международного семинара «Мониторинг объектов всемирного наследия ЮНЕСКО: опыт Российской Федерации и стран СНГ»

Bolgar Historical and Archaeological Complex — 2017 — WHE2F7FD2AA43

An international workshop on UNESCO World Heritage monitoring, held at the Bolgar Historical and Archaeological Complex in 2017, brought together experts from Russia, CIS countries, and abroad to exchange experiences in preserving cultural heritage sites. The event focused on monitoring techniques for World Heritage and preliminary list monuments, particularly assessing the condition of Bolgar and other Tatarstan sites while preparing proposals for new UNESCO listings. A key outcome was the establishment of the Association of World Heritage Experts of the CIS and Eastern Europe, aiming to strengthen regional collaboration in heritage conservation.

'Value in Change': What do World Heritage Nominations Bring to Chinese World Heritage Sites?

Ancient Villages in Southern Anhui – Xidi and Hongcun — 2016 — WHE06E2F73D37

World Heritage listing transforms the values and meanings of Chinese heritage sites, primarily to align with UNESCO's Eurocentric criteria, but also augments local pride and cultural exchange. Contrary to fears that tourism commodifies heritage, this study finds that mass tourism can positively influence site values when locals engage in dialogue with visitors. Using case studies of West Lake (Hangzhou) and Xidi-Hongcun (Anhui), interviews with officials, managers, tourists, and residents revealed that while government-controlled tourism limits meaningful interactions, locally managed heritage tourism enhances cultural sharing. The research challenges assumptions about the negative impacts of tourism on heritage values, instead highlighting its potential to strengthen local identity and pride.

‘Making and Doing’ Dogon Microcosmology: Some Ethnographic, Methodological, and Conceptual Background

Cliff of Bandiagara (Land of the Dogons) — 2016 — WHEB1D9D1A59F

Dogon granaries, iconic structures of the Bandiagara Escarpment, serve as both defensive ramparts and microcosmological symbols, embodying the Dogon people's adaptation to a landscape of scarcity. These beige, square granaries with conical thatch roofs, built on stone pillars or rocks, blend seamlessly into the steep scree topography while forming an impenetrable fence against invasions. Their strategic placement, facing the Séno Gondo plain, reflects a dual function: practical fortification and symbolic containment within a resource-scarce environment.

‘The land does not like them’: contesting dispossession in cosmological terms in Mela, south-west Ethiopia

Lower Valley of the Omo — 2016 — WHED26EA04D39

A study of the Mela people in Ethiopia's Lower Valley of the Omo reveals that their cosmological beliefs about land ownership and mythical beings serve as a form of resistance against state-led development projects. The research compares government discourses, which prioritize economic growth and disenchantment with nature, with Mela perspectives, emphasizing the importance of propitiating mythical custodians for successful land engagement. This contrast highlights how Mela cosmology provides a means to challenge state authority and assert autochthonous identity in a context where open contestation is suppressed. The study employs discourse analysis to demonstrate the significance of these belief systems in shaping agency and legitimacy perceptions among the Mela.

‘Water mixed with the blood of Thomas’: contact relic manufacture pictured in Canterbury Cathedral’s stained glass

Canterbury Cathedral, St Augustine's Abbey, and St Martin's Church — 2016 — WHEBF9A181DF6

Stained glass panels in Canterbury Cathedral’s Trinity Chapel depict the mixing of Thomas Becket’s blood with water, creating a visual narrative that parallels the Eucharist and highlights the role of Christ Church Cathedral Priory monks. The images suggest the involvement of a lay sacrist and the use of mazers in the relic’s manufacture, offering rare insights into medieval ceremonial practices. By comparing these panels to Benedict of Peterborough’s miracle narratives, researchers reveal how the glaziers enhanced the relic’s early history, blending artistic representation with theological symbolism.

‘We make more money now, but we don’t talk to each other anymore’: on new tourism and capitalism in the Danube Delta

Danube Delta — 2016 — WHE7696E04FBD

Tourism in the Danube Delta, a UNESCO Biosphere Reserve, has empowered local fishing households economically but eroded social cohesion. Contrary to expectations that tourism would sweep away traditional practices, locals have adapted with agency, reinforcing fishing traditions and women's roles as household managers due to tourist demands for authentic experiences. However, competition over natural resources has commodified family relationships, highlighting the complex interplay between economic gains and social disruption in this unique ecosystem.