World Heritage Research: Search

Publications

Showing 13941 – 13960 of 15962 publications

Stability and seismic vulnerability of the Stylite Tower at Umm Ar-Rasas

Um er-Rasas (Kastrom Mefa'a) — 2019 — WHECC557ACF76

Research on the Stylite Tower at Umm Ar-Rasas, Jordan, reveals critical insights into its stability and seismic vulnerability, offering foundational data for potential retrofit interventions. The study employed in situ experimental tests, including Schmidt-hammer tests on stone blocks and passive seismic measurements, to analyze soil and structural material properties. Stability was assessed assuming an elastic-perfect plastic behavior in compression for masonry, while a push-over seismic analysis using finite solid element modeling with a Drucker-Prager yield criterion further evaluated its vulnerability. These findings provide essential guidance for preserving this unique historical structure against seismic risks.

Structure and Dynamics of Tree Stands at the Upper Timberline in the Western Part of the Putorana Plateau

Putorana Plateau — 2019 — WHE93DE601895

Research on the Putorana Plateau reveals that forest expansion at the upper timberline, particularly on south- and southwest-facing slopes, is driven by climate warming over centuries. The study found significant changes in the altitudinal position of tree vegetation boundaries, with correlations between trunk diameters and phytomass fractions. By analyzing age structures, diachronous topographic maps, and satellite images, scientists reconstructed historical dynamics of tree stands, highlighting how shifts in climate conditions facilitate forest growth at higher elevations.

Study on the Composition of Boundary Space in the Classical Gardens of Suzhou, China

Classical Gardens of Suzhou — 2019 — WHE363F3DAD17

A study of the Classical Gardens of Suzhou, China, reveals that boundary spaces are predominantly composed of linear elements and exhibit a prevalence of miniature courtyards (xs) and side courtyards (s), with most featuring trees and stones as key landscape elements. The research analyzed 137 abstract diagrams to identify spatial composition rules, highlighting that the 'paste' space type is most common while S-type and M-type scales dominate courtyard designs. This insight provides a deeper understanding of the architectural and landscaping principles underlying Suzhou's classical gardens.

Study on the Cultural Value of the World Heritage of Salt Industry

Wieliczka and Bochnia Royal Salt Mines — 2019 — WHE95DDB0FA1E

Salt industry heritage sites, including Poland's Wieliczka and Bochnia Royal Salt Mines, France's Ark-Sennan Royal Saltwork, and Austria's Salzkammergut Cultural Landscape, exhibit significant cultural value that aligns with UNESCO World Heritage Assessment Standards. These sites, primarily selected under the cultural heritage criterion (iv), demonstrate authenticity and irreplaceability in their representation of salt culture. The study highlights the importance of integrating these sites more systematically with international standards to better reflect their unique contributions to global heritage. While other countries, such as China, also possess rich salt industry relics, Europe remains a focal point for these World Heritage designations.

Suitable Re-Use of Abandoned Quarries for Restoration and Conservation of the Old City of Salamanca—World Heritage Site

Old City of Salamanca — 2019 — WHE0B007B633E

Abandoned granite quarries near the Old City of Salamanca hold potential for supplying high-quality stone blocks for monument restoration. Research reveals that Martinamor granite outcrops exhibit a dense fracturing pattern with joint spacing less than one meter, making large-scale exploitation impractical. Instead, only small blocks suitable for heritage conservation can be extracted, necessitating the protection of these sites to preserve both historical extraction techniques and geological significance. The study proposes geoconservation strategies to safeguard quarries, ancient mining areas, and their role as a reminder of society's reliance on geological materials.

Sustainable Cultural Heritage Management: Example of Troy Archaeological Site

Archaeological Site of Troy — 2019 — WHEEE5E6FFFC7

A participative management model has been identified as effective for sustaining the cultural heritage values of Troy, an ancient city with significant historical background. This study, conducted through interviews with public institutions, local communities, and NGOs, highlights the need for improved interinstitutional coordination and increased public participation to ensure sustainable management. The research underscores the importance of a comprehensive management plan that integrates these elements to preserve Troy's cultural heritage effectively.

Swahili Port Cities: The Architecture of Elsewhere

Lamu Old Town — 2019 — WHED0E80868A7

Swahili Port Cities: The Architecture of Elsewhere reveals that the built environment of Lamu Old Town and other Swahili port cities is fundamentally shaped by a 'cosmopolitan longing'—a deep, enduring desire for connection to multiple global locales. Prita Meier's interdisciplinary analysis demonstrates how coral-stone architecture, imported materials like Chinese porcelain and Glasgow cast-iron verandas, and even minarets of Mombasa’s mosques reflect this poly-local identity. By layering historical, architectural, and social analyses—drawing on fieldwork, oral histories, and archival research across Kenya, Tanzania, Germany, and the UK—Meier challenges binary classifications (local/global, high/low) and uncovers how material culture mediates human experience while serving as a site of contestation. The study highlights Swahili urban spaces as dynamic palimpsests, where permanence coexists with mobility, and identity is constructed through both real and imagined oceanic connections.

Tagore's Santiniketan: Learning Associated with Life

Santiniketan — 2019 — WHEA87828E84A

Santiniketan, founded by Rabindranath Tagore, exemplifies a revolutionary approach to education that integrates learning with life. Unlike conventional educational models, Santiniketan's philosophy rejected rigid structures and curricula, instead emphasizing organic growth aligned with personal and societal development. This innovative model emerged from Tagore's belief that true education should be inseparable from lived experience, fostering creativity, holistic development, and a deep connection to nature. The institution evolved organically, reflecting Tagore's evolving thoughts and life experiences, rather than adhering to preconceived plans or external expectations.

Temporal and Spatial Evolution of Carbon Emissions and Their Influencing Factors for Tourist Attractions at Heritage Tourist Destinations

Wulingyuan Scenic and Historic Interest Area — 2019 — WHE9F9E2F8060

Carbon emissions at heritage tourist destinations exhibit significant temporal and spatial variations, with differences observed both monthly and interannually. A study focusing on the Wulingyuan Scenic and Historic Interest Area (WSHIA) found that carbon emissions per visitor vary greatly across different types of tourism attractions, influenced by factors such as tourism seasonality, market growth, and heritage tourism trends. The spatial evolution of these emissions can be divided into three stages, primarily driven by functional zoning, environmental regulations, and the diversified development of tourist attractions. These findings provide valuable insights for low-carbon tourism strategies and sustainable development policies at heritage sites.

The alpine flora on inselberg summits in the Maloti–Drakensberg Park, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa

Maloti-Drakensberg Park — 2019 — WHE01C7FB610C

Inselberg summits within the Maloti-Drakensberg Park, South Africa, host a unique alpine flora that contributes significantly to the biodiversity of the Drakensberg Alpine Centre (DAC). This study reveals that inselbergs support 7.9% of DAC species, including 114 endemics or near-endemics, and are notably free from human disturbance or alien plant invasion. However, their high vulnerability to climate change underscores their conservation importance as escarpment vegetation faces increasing degradation due to land use pressures. The research, conducted in 2005, compared inselberg flora with the broader DAC and Platberg, identifying distinct family rankings and growth form consistency. Key findings include potential new species, range extensions, and the dominance of families like Asteraceae, Poaceae, and Ericaceae among endemics.

The Antequera megalithic site in the work of Georg and Vera Leisner: a review

Antequera Dolmens Site — 2019 — WHE014B0DA204

A groundbreaking study by Georg and Vera Leisner, published in 1943, remains pivotal in understanding the Antequera Dolmens Site. Despite its limited accessibility due to being written in German, their work provided the most comprehensive analysis of the site during the mid-20th century. Recent research reaffirms the relevance of their findings, addressing enduring questions about these megalithic monuments. The study also includes full English and Spanish translations of the Leisners' text on Antequera, ensuring broader accessibility for future scholars.

The Body in the Ditch: Alternative Funerary Practices on the Northern Frontier of the Roman Empire?

Frontiers of the Roman Empire — 2019 — WHEF9C62AA6B5

Disarticulated human remains of a male individual, recovered from a first-century fort ditch at Vindolanda on the Roman Empire's northwestern frontier, challenge traditional views of funerary practices. Ancient DNA analysis confirmed the skeletal remains' identity, while forensic taphonomic analysis suggested primary deposition in a waterlogged environment without formal burial. This discovery highlights the complexity and variability of Roman-era disposal practices, contradicting historical sources that imply more standardized rituals. The study underscores the need to reconsider how ancient societies managed their dead, particularly on empire frontiers.

The Challenging Implementation of World Heritage Historic Centres’ Preservation Programmes: A Comparative Case-Study Analysis in Portugal

Historic Centre of Évora — 2019 — WHE3C8EAA14C7

Local political support, funding, and management structure are the most decisive factors for the successful implementation of World Heritage historic centres' preservation programmes, according to a comparative case-study analysis of Évora, Porto, and Guimarães in Portugal. This study reveals that despite municipalities being major funders and promoters of heritage preservation, institutional capacity difficulties often hinder effective policy execution. By analysing programme documentation and conducting interviews with local managers, researchers identified these critical factors, shedding light on the challenges faced by Portuguese World Heritage sites. The findings underscore the need for stronger political commitment, sustainable funding models, and streamlined management structures to ensure the long-term preservation of these culturally significant areas.

The Chronology of Tombs in Daeseong-dong in the Age of The early Dojil Pottery

Gaya Tumuli — 2019 — WHEA790ED5298

A detailed chronological framework for the tombs of Daeseong-dong, associated with the Geumgwan Gaya kingdom, has been established, revealing six distinct burial periods spanning from the late 4th to early 5th century. This study leverages the analysis of Dojil pottery—particularly brazier-shaped stands and mounted dishes—found in large wooden chamber tombs, categorizing them into subtypes to trace evolutionary patterns in burial practices. Comparative analysis with imported prestige goods from China further refines absolute dating, pinpointing specific periods within a 75-year span. Notably, Tomb No. 39, dated to the second quarter of the 5th century (seventh period), showcases advanced pottery styles that likely influenced later burial vessels in neighboring regions, such as Dongri, Changnyeong.

The Cinco de Mayo: Death, Democracy, and Resistance in Mexican Museums

Historic Centre of Puebla — 2019 — WHE9638B98CA8

Government-led efforts to commemorate the Battle of Puebla on Cinco de Mayo have successfully framed historic suffering as a narrative of civic democracy and inclusion, reinforcing state authority while shaping national memory. The study examines how Puebla's investment in new museums and tourist infrastructure over five years transformed key heritage precincts into symbols of resistance and unity. By analyzing six central museums, the research reveals a strategic co-optation of multiple historical narratives to bolster government legitimacy, highlighting both the power and risks of state-curated memory in UNESCO World Heritage Sites.

The city of one hundred souvenir shops: authenticity of souvenirs in Prague

Historic Centre of Prague — 2019 — WHEC6617FDFDD

A significant portion of souvenirs sold in Prague's historic center, particularly along the highly trafficked 'Royal Way,' are found to be 'falsely authentic' or 'geographically displaced.' This study reveals that while some locally specific souvenirs exist, the prevalence of banal, globalized products diminishes the overall quality and cultural significance of Prague's souvenir market. The research attributes this trend to the interplay between communist-era heritage and post-1990s transformation processes in tourism. To uncover these insights, the authors conducted a comprehensive analysis of shops and their offerings along the 'Royal Way,' supplemented by structured interviews with sellers and questionnaires targeting tourists. This approach provides a nuanced understanding of how historical and socio-economic factors shape the authenticity of souvenirs in this UNESCO World Heritage Site.

The component parts of the first nominated Natural Heritage site for the Republic of Serbia

Ancient and Primeval Beech Forests of the Carpathians and Other Regions of Europe — 2019 — WHEE842104C65

Serbia's nomination of components for the UNESCO World Heritage site 'Ancient and Primeval Beech Forests of the Carpathians and Other Regions of Europe' marks a significant advancement in the protection of Europe's last remnants of natural beech forests. These forests, located within Kopaonik, Tara, and Fruška gora National Parks, are notable for their scientific and conservation value, having been under strict protection for decades. The nomination aims to enhance the Outstanding Universal Value of this Pan-European property by adding significant ecological representation. If successful, this would represent Serbia's first Natural World Heritage site, strengthening local protections and raising global awareness about these unique ecosystems.

The Detachment Physical Weathering Form Group Affecting Stone Building Materials at The Archaeological Site of Sabratha, Northwest Libya

Archaeological Site of Sabratha — 2019 — WHE75814A83B1

A comprehensive analysis of the Archaeological Site of Sabratha, a UNESCO World Heritage Site in Libya, reveals that nine primary physical weathering forms—belonging to the 'detachment group'—are significantly affecting its stone monuments. These weathering processes, ranging from non-visible damage (0 degrees) to moderate damage (3 degrees), are primarily driven by diurnal and seasonal temperature variations, relative humidity fluctuations, salt crystallization, moisture content, and water exposure. The study employed a methodology based on the classification system developed by Fitzner and Heinrichs (2002, 2004), which includes fifteen individual weathering forms. To visualize damage distribution, contour maps were created for each form, alongside linear and progressive damage indices. The findings underscore the urgent need for government institutions to prioritize the preservation of Sabratha's built heritage, given the severity and extent of the observed weathering damages.

The Early Christians in Ephesus from Paul to Ignatius

Ephesus — 2019 — WHE4AD38583E8

A groundbreaking analysis of early Christian communities in Ephesus reveals significant shifts in religious practices and leadership from the time of Paul to Ignatius. The study identifies a transition from Pauline theology, marked by apostolic authority and missionary zeal, to a more structured ecclesiastical hierarchy under Ignatian influence. This evolution is traced through epistolary evidence and archaeological findings, offering new insights into the institutionalization of Christianity in Asia Minor. By integrating literary analysis with historical context, the research provides a nuanced understanding of how early Christian communities adapted to socio-political changes during the 1st and 2nd centuries CE.

The Early History of Delhi

Qutb Minar and its Monuments, Delhi — 2019 — WHEDB66F2C069

Delhi's early history, spanning from the Stone Age to the medieval period, is revealed through archaeological discoveries. Surface finds and excavations at sites like Anangpur show human activity dating back tens of thousands of years. Protohistoric remains unearthed at Bhorgarh and Mandoli, along with Ashoka’s Minor Rock Edict I, indicate Maurya influence in the region as early as the 3rd century BCE. The Qutb complex, a medieval site, preserves enigmatic Gupta-period structures, while Lal Kot provides evidence of Rajput and early Sultanate phases. Despite sparse textual, archaeological, epigraphic, and numismatic records, these findings outline the evolution of Delhi’s rural and urban settlements long before its rise as a significant political center.