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Showing 18321 – 18340 of 30345 publications

Emplacement of the Rocche Rosse rhyolite lava flow (Lipari, Aeolian Islands)

Isole Eolie (Aeolian Islands) — 2018 — WHE575B039C07

The Rocche Rosse rhyolite lava flow on Lipari, part of the UNESCO-listed Aeolian Islands, reveals a complex multi-stage emplacement history shaped by cooling, crust formation, and underlying topography. This study identifies five distinct stages of deformation, from initial extrusion to brittle faulting post-termination, marked by small to large-scale folding, channel development, and lobe formation. The flow's viscous nature (10^8 to 10^10 Pa s) preserves structural evidence, including foliation dipping at angles up to 50°, tension gashes, and conjugate fractures, with heterogeneous deformation increasing asymmetry downflow due to cooling and stagnation. A steeper mid-flow topography induced channeling and fold superimposition, offering a fluid dynamic framework comparable to active rhyolitic flows in Chile's Chaitén and Cordón Caulle volcanoes.

Encounter: Louis Grodecki

Cathedral of Notre-Dame, Former Abbey of Saint-Rémi and Palace of Tau, Reims — 2018 — WHED030CC01EC

Louis Grodecki, a pioneering art historian and stained-glass expert, significantly advanced the study of medieval glass through his meticulous documentation and authentication methods. His work on the Corpus Vitrearum Medii Aevi (CVMA) project, which aimed to catalog and preserve medieval stained glass, introduced rigorous criteria for distinguishing original from restored pieces, such as analyzing glass thickness, weathering patterns, and paint adhesion. Grodecki's scholarly approach, characterized by relentless questioning and interdisciplinary research, challenged conventional dating and stylistic assumptions, notably in his studies of Gothic architecture and stained glass. His collaboration with colleagues like Jean Lafond and Anne Prache further enriched the understanding of medieval art, particularly at sites like the Cathedral of Notre-Dame in Paris and the Abbey of Saint-Rémi in Reims. Grodecki's legacy includes a profound impact on international art history, though his confrontational teaching style and resistance to contemporary intellectual trends left a complex legacy.

Encountering Auschwitz: touring the Auschwitz-Birkenau State Museum

Auschwitz Birkenau German Nazi Concentration and Extermination Camp (1940-1945) — 2018 — WHE54490948FE

Auschwitz-Birkenau State Museum, located on the former Nazi concentration and extermination camp sites, attracts millions of visitors annually. This study critically analyzes English-language guided tours at the museum, highlighting ethical concerns related to 'museumification' and dark tourism. It reveals that while these tours provide historical encounters, they also perpetuate certain tropes that may trivialize the site's grim history. The research employs qualitative analysis of tour narratives, offering insights into how contemporary tourism practices shape visitor experiences at one of Europe’s most significant Holocaust memorial sites.

Engaging the Paleolithic Images of Chauvet Cave

Decorated Cave of Pont d’Arc, known as Grotte Chauvet-Pont d’Arc, Ardèche — 2018 — WHE4BF8BAE13A

A novel approach using depth psychology, particularly C. G. Jung’s technique of active imagination, offers potential insights into the archaic elements preserved within the modern human psyche through the study of Paleolithic images from Chauvet Cave. The research suggests that these ancient drawings, created 35,000 years ago, may reflect ritualistic practices and provide a window into the collective unconscious. While the findings cannot definitively reconstruct specific rituals, they highlight the enduring psychological significance of Chauvet Cave’s rediscovery in 1994 as both an artifact of our past and a lens for understanding contemporary human consciousness.

English as the Lingua Franca in Visual Touristic Jordan: The Case of Petra

Petra — 2018 — WHE47DAE35AE5

English dominates the linguistic landscape of Petra, Jordan, overshadowing even Arabic and other languages in tourist spaces. This dominance is driven by globalization, economic motivations, and positive attitudes toward English among both locals and tourists. The study analyzed 2,500+ linguistic signs—including government and commercial signage—photographed and coded for function and language. Ethnographic methods engaged with shopkeepers, restaurant workers, and tourists to explore how English is negotiated as a lingua franca. Findings reveal its central role in shaping touristic visual Jordan, reflecting broader trends of linguistic globalization.

Entangled landscapes

Petroglyphic Complexes of the Mongolian Altai — 2018 — WHE86A61A014D

Collaborative fieldwork at the UNESCO-listed Petroglyphic Complexes of the Mongolian Altai reveals intricate connections between nature and culture, highlighting how these landscapes are shaped by intertwined ecological and human narratives. The research underscores the potential for enhanced collaboration between international conservation organizations like IUCN and ICOMOS to strengthen the World Heritage system through shared vocabularies and innovative approaches. By addressing challenges in cross-disciplinary partnerships, this work demonstrates that creative and diverse working methods can foster more effective and inclusive conservation strategies.

Entrepreneurial Motivation and Destination Evolution

Old Town of Lijiang — 2018 — WHEF499CC0B6A

Research on the Old Town of Lijiang, China, reveals distinct patterns in entrepreneurial motivation among small tourism business owners as the destination evolves. In the predevelopment stage, livelihood concerns drove a dominant business orientation, while lifestyle motivations—often rooted in personal enjoyment of the site—emerged during early development. However, as tourism rapidly expanded, business-oriented investments surged, reflecting shifting priorities. The study applies an interactive framework to link entrepreneurship and destination evolution, offering insights into how economic, social, and experiential factors shape sustainable tourism development.

Environmental and microbial study of some wells water in Samarra city compared to some wells in the vicinity

Samarra Archaeological City — 2018 — WHE573FE318A2

A comparative analysis of groundwater properties in Samarra Archaeological City and its vicinity revealed significant differences in physical and chemical characteristics between the two regions. The study, conducted from November 2017 to January 2018, examined nine wells—three within Samarra (Al-Kathra, Al-Moalmeen, Al-Thopat) and six in neighboring areas (Al-Mutasim, Tal Al-Aleg, al-Ishaqi, Al-Dahiri, Al-Ashiq, Al-Kalaa). Notably, water from Samarra wells exhibited high electrical conductivity, peaking at 1750 microsiemens/cm in the Al-Thopat area. While phosphate and nitrate levels showed no significant variation between the two regions (p ≤ 0.05), microbial analysis confirmed that most well water met Iraqi standards for raw and drinking water, indicating overall purity. This research highlights regional groundwater distinctions and their potential implications for environmental and public health assessments.

Environmental assessment of heavy metals in surface and groundwater at Samarra City, Central Iraq

Samarra Archaeological City — 2018 — WHEB906F4E065

A comprehensive environmental assessment of heavy metals in surface and groundwater at Samarra City, Central Iraq, reveals widespread contamination exceeding WHO standards, with concentrations of Fe, Mn, Cd, Pb, Ni, Cr, As, Mo, Hg, Al, Li, Be, Se, and V linked to anthropogenic activities such as agriculture, industrial processes, and military operations. Uranium levels are notably high in most samples, likely due to military activity, while cobalt pollution stems from industrial processes and oil product spills. Physical and chemical parameters like BOD, EC, TDS, COD, and turbidity also show unacceptable values according to IQS2009 limits for drinking water. The Water Quality Index (WQI) confirms that all samples are unfit for consumption, with groundwater (GW1) exhibiting the highest contamination levels. This study underscores the severe environmental degradation in Samarra City, driven by diverse anthropogenic pressures and natural factors like aquifer recharge and evaporation.

Environmental determinants of activity variation of an overlooked burrowing rodent: the Indian crested porcupine

Keoladeo National Park — 2018 — WHE87919CA2F5

Indian crested porcupines (ICP) exhibit significant seasonal and temporal activity variations influenced by environmental determinants such as sunrise, sunset, and lunar phases. The study, conducted in Keoladeo National Park, revealed that ICP emergence rates peak during monsoon and winter, correlating with sunset timings, while their daily activity significantly declines on full moon nights, likely to evade predators. Additionally, adult ICP showed heightened activity in January–February, coinciding with burrow preparation for gestation and offspring rearing. The research highlights the ecological role of ICP as ecosystem engineers, despite its status as a problem species, and estimates a population density of 3.21±1.32 individuals/km², totaling approximately 65.89±27.15 individuals in the park.

Environmental dose rate determination using a passive dosimeter: Techniques and workflow for α-Al2O3:C chips

Archaeological Site of Atapuerca — 2018 — WHE1235129066

Researchers have developed a precise method for determining environmental dose rates at archaeological sites using passive dosimeters, specifically α-Al2O3:C chips. This technique minimizes site disturbance and provides accurate measurements of cosmic and gamma-dose rates through a workflow involving homemade field containers, bleaching boxes, rapid measurement sequences, and R-based software processing. Validation steps, including reproducibility checks and cross-talk evaluation, ensure reliability. The method was tested at four reference sites in Clermont-Ferrand, showing good accuracy for three out of four sites. An application example demonstrates its use at the UNESCO World Heritage Site of Atapuerca, Spain, highlighting its potential for archaeological research.

Environmental Educommunication and Ecology of Knowledge in the Caiçara Community of Praia do Sono, Paraty, RJ, Brazil

Paraty and Ilha Grande – Culture and Biodiversity — 2018 — WHED9FD23EEE8

A pilot environmental education project in Praia do Sono, Brazil, successfully integrated ecological sanitation with local traditional knowledge through the principles of Environmental Educommunication and Ecology of Knowledge. This approach, developed by the Observatory of Sustainable and Healthy Territories of Bocaina (OSHT) in collaboration with local communities, demonstrated how participatory methods can promote equity while addressing territorial needs. Using qualitative methodologies like participant observation, the study highlighted the effectiveness of a teaching-learning strategy that engaged students and local agents, fostering diverse knowledge forms. The findings underscore the potential of such strategies to bridge gaps between scientific and traditional knowledge in vulnerable regions.

Espacio Multicelular - AES Triplex

Tugendhat Villa in Brno — 2018 — WHE0CB45F1589

Mies van der Rohe's Tugendhat Villa and the Barcelona Pavilion exemplify his pioneering approach to fluid space and diffuse boundaries, blending architectural innovation with biological and spatial theories. By employing a multicellular arrangement of walls, horizontal planes, and vertical metal structures, Mies dissolved traditional architectural limits, creating continuous, permeable spaces that interrelate visually. This design philosophy, influenced by avant-garde art and emerging spatial biology concepts, redefined the relationship between architecture, nature, and human experience. The villa serves as a cornerstone of modern architecture, emphasizing abstraction, tectonic clarity, and immersive spatial engagement.

Espécies de Oxysarcodexia (Diptera: Sarcophagidae) associadas a carcaças de suínos (Sus scrofa Linnaeus) expostas em um fragmento de Mata Atlântica no município de Salvador, Bahia

Historic Centre of Salvador de Bahia — 2018 — WHE2A689CE2DF

Six species of the fly genus Oxysarcodexia (Diptera: Sarcophagidae) were identified as visitors to decomposing pig carcasses in a fragment of Atlantic Forest in Salvador, Bahia. The study found that these flies exhibited a preference for the rainy season and later stages of decomposition, including advanced deterioration and skeletal remains. This research highlights the forensic significance of Oxysarcodexia species, which are commonly associated with vertebrate carcasses. To investigate this, researchers exposed four pig carcasses in both the rainy (July–August 2012) and dry (November–December 2012) seasons, documenting the fly fauna attracted to them. The findings contribute to understanding the ecological preferences of these flies, which may aid forensic investigations.

Estimating the impact of cruise tourism through regional input–output tables

Port, Fortresses and Group of Monuments, Cartagena — 2018 — WHEB58E6B0680

Cruise tourism significantly boosts the economy of Cartagena, Spain, with total impacts including employment, wages, gross operating surplus, and value added. Unlike previous studies relying on national input-output (IO) tables, this research leverages a newly available regional IO framework to accurately compute both indirect and induced effects alongside direct survey data. The findings highlight the substantial economic ripple effects of cruise ship visits, providing critical insights for policymakers and stakeholders to manage this growing industry effectively.

Estimating the preservation value of Namhansanseong Fortress world heritage site using the contingent valuation method

Namhansanseong — 2018 — WHEE11AE29CFE

The preservation value of Namhansanseong Fortress is estimated to be approximately 609 billion won annually for the Seoul-Incheon-Gyeonggi region, based on household willingness-to-pay. Using the contingent valuation method (CVM), this study assessed true preservation value by minimizing hypothetical bias through controlled scenarios and real-world conditions. The analysis revealed that heritage value (50.5%) is the most significant factor influencing preservation worth, followed by choice (25.8%) and existence value (23.7%). Key predictors of willingness to contribute to a preservation fund include visit frequency, gender, income exclusion, and strong support for Namhansanseong's conservation. Data was collected from 190 on-site visitors and 70 online respondents with prior experience, excluding 18 non-serious responses.

Estimation of maximum mass velocity from macroseismic data: A new method and application to archeoseismological data

Incense Route - Desert Cities in the Negev — 2018 — WHEABCEA7D437

A new method for estimating peak ground velocity (PGV) values from macroseismic data has been successfully applied to archeoseismological evidence, suggesting that strong earthquakes with PGVs of approximately 1.5 m/s likely struck ancient cities in the Negev desert around the mid-7th century. This finding implies a magnitude range of M ≈ 6.5–7.5 for the causative earthquake(s), with epicenters potentially located dozens of kilometers from Rehovot-ba-Negev and other affected sites. The study builds on earlier intensity estimates (8–9) by analyzing seismic damage patterns in abandoned cities and irrigation systems, linking their decline to both Arab conquest and severe seismic events. The approach combines rock block displacement analysis with archeoseismological data, offering a novel tool for long-term seismic hazard assessment.

Estudio artístico de la descripción de la basílica de la Natividad de Belén y el Santo Sepulcro del presbítero Jacinto

Birthplace of Jesus: Church of the Nativity and the Pilgrimage Route, Bethlehem — 2018 — WHE8BABFA28A4

A rare medieval account by Presbytero Jacinto, preserved in the Archive of the Cathedral of León, offers novel insights into the Church of the Nativity in Bethlehem and the Holy Sepulchre in Jerusalem. This Spanish translation of his Latin text reveals unique architectural and artistic details that differ significantly from other contemporary sources, challenging existing narratives about these UNESCO World Heritage Sites. By comparing Jacinto's observations with other medieval pilgrimage records, researchers confirm the accuracy—and occasional novelty—of his descriptions, contributing valuable historical and cultural context to the study of Christian heritage.

Etched in Stone: Sixteenth-century Visual and Material Evidence of Śaiva Ascetics and Yogis in Complex Non-seated Āsanas at Vijayanagara

Group of Monuments at Hampi — 2018 — WHEC32043C842

Recent archaeological discoveries at the Group of Monuments at Hampi, Karnataka, reveal sixteenth-century visual evidence of complex non-seated yoga postures (āsanas), including standing positions and inversions, carved onto temple pillars. These sculptures, dating to the early 1500s CE, represent some of the earliest known depictions of advanced yogic practices in precolonial India. The study suggests that these postures may have originated from Nātha yogic traditions, particularly Haṭhayoga techniques, and could explain the later emergence of intricate non-seated āsanas in yoga texts. By analyzing inscriptional, epigraphical, and visual materials alongside other archaeological sites, the research traces a shift from traditional seated postures to more dynamic, physically demanding practices, potentially linked to broader trends in asceticism (tapas). This finding challenges conventional narratives on the evolution of yogic postures and underscores Hampi's significance as a site of complex yogic innovation.

Ethnopharmacological study of medicinal plants used in the treatment of skin burns in occidental Morocco (area of Rabat)

Rabat, Modern Capital and Historic City: a Shared Heritage — 2018 — WHED153796310

An ethnopharmacological study reveals that traditional Moroccan herbalists rely on 36 medicinal plant species, primarily from the Lamiaceae and Asteraceae families, to treat skin burns. Among these, Pinus halepensis, Cynara humilis, and Salvia verbenaca are most frequently cited, with leaves commonly used in powdered form applied directly to burns. This is the first comprehensive survey of its kind in Morocco, documenting 20 plant species for the first time as anti-burn remedies. Conducted across six cities in the Rabat region between 2015 and 2018, the study involved 65 herbalists and employed semi-structured questionnaires to record traditional practices. The findings highlight the potential of these plants for pharmacological validation and the discovery of bioactive compounds.