Publications
Protecting architectural heritage in Djenné: a civil society point of view
A critical analysis reveals that the protection of Djenné's architectural heritage, despite its UNESCO World Heritage status, has been undermined by a lack of coordinated strategy and widespread ignorance among key stakeholders. The study highlights how international and national interventions over two decades have often disregarded the constraints imposed by the site's designation, while decision-makers, funders, and local professionals exhibit a declining awareness of both the cultural value of Djenné's architecture and the technical expertise required for its preservation. This neglect has contributed to the town's inclusion on the List of World Heritage in Danger in 2016. The research underscores the urgent need for education and sensitization efforts to empower various actors, enabling them to make informed political and technical decisions that safeguard this irreplaceable heritage.
Capture the wealth of heritage in a Holy City of Islam : the problem of developing tourism in Djenné in Mali
Sustainable tourism development in Djenné, Mali, hinges on balancing heritage preservation with local values and equitable wealth distribution. The study reveals that while tourism has flourished since Djenné's 1988 UNESCO World Heritage inscription, its growth is hampered by conflicts between inhabitants' expectations, local traditions, and restoration projects. To foster sustainable development, the research advocates for integrating both tangible (architectural) and intangible (cultural, religious) heritage while ensuring fair economic benefits reach the population. This approach could improve living conditions and counter marginalization driven by radical Islam, underscoring the need for culturally sensitive, community-inclusive tourism strategies.
Cultural Patrimony and Heritage Management in Mali: The Old Towns of Djenné and the Sanké Mon Festival
Mali's approach to cultural heritage, initially rooted in nation-building and collaboration with UNESCO, has evolved to embrace tourism-driven commodification. This study highlights the complex interplay between political projects and economic strategies, using case studies of Djenne and San—both UNESCO-listed sites—to illustrate these dynamics. It also examines the fragility of state-led nationalist efforts exposed during recent insurgencies in northern Mali, while outlining post-conflict measures to foster a shared cultural patrimony among citizens. The research combines historical analysis with fieldwork, offering insights into heritage management challenges and opportunities.
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