Publications
Chemical composition of Medieval stained glasses from the Cathedral of León (Spain)
Medieval stained glass windows from León Cathedral, Spain, are primarily composed of potash-lime glass with notably low alumina content. This unique chemical composition has contributed to their significant deterioration over centuries due to environmental exposure. The study employed advanced techniques such as X-ray diffraction, inductively coupled plasma, X-ray fluorescence, and flame photometry to analyze a selection of glass samples dating from the Medieval and Renaissance periods. These findings provide critical insights into the material properties and preservation challenges of historical stained glass, offering valuable data for conservation efforts.
Monumenta et memoriae:the thirteenth-century episcopal pantheon of León Cathedral
The thirteenth-century episcopal pantheon of León Cathedral exemplifies the fusion of commemoration and propaganda, serving as a tool to manipulate collective memory and reinforce episcopal authority. This study identifies key devices within the pantheon that evoke bishops' achievements, personal devotion, rituals, dogmas, and the history of the See. It highlights the expressive mourning traditions of Leonese citizens, rooted in Iberian practices, while analyzing the aesthetic compliance with Lucas of Tuy's ideals. Notably, Bishop Rodrigo's sepulchral monument is recognized as a foundational work in Castilian-Leonese tomb design, with its complex interplay between imagery and audience influencing subsequent designs, such as that of Bishop Martin.
Musical Cryptography and the Early History of the ‘León Antiphoner’
A groundbreaking analysis of the León Antiphoner, a 10th-century manuscript containing Old Hispanic chant, reveals that it was commissioned by San Froilán, Bishop of León, between 900 and 905. The study deciphers cryptographic inscriptions on the manuscript, providing definitive evidence for its dating and patronage, which had previously been debated. The research suggests that the manuscript was likely produced in the scriptorium of the monastery of SS Cosmas and Damian in Abellar, offering new insights into the early history of this significant cultural artifact.
Royal misattribution: monograms in the León Antiphoner
A new terminus ante quem date of approximately 960 for the León Antiphoner (León, Cathedral Library, MS 8), the most complete manuscript of Old Hispanic chant, has been established through a reassessment of royal monograms on fol. 4v. This challenges previous hypotheses that placed its compilation between the first third of the tenth century and the eleventh century. The study examines the use of monograms and signa in the Visigothic written world, particularly focusing on royal insignia, to support this revised dating. It also proposes a new hypothesis regarding the role of the León Antiphoner as a potential royal insignia, shedding light on its historical significance.
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