Publications
Analyses of Mortars from St. George’s Cathedral, Great Novgorod
A comparative analysis of mortars from St. George’s Cathedral, part of the UNESCO-listed Yuriev Monastery in Veliky Novgorod, reveals distinct differences between pre-Mongolian and later construction periods, as well as variations among structural elements like walls, foundations, floors, and plaster. The study identified crushed bricks (tsemyanka) as a key component in medieval mortars, even in post-Mongolian layers, while also distinguishing two types of sand used historically. Microscopy techniques uncovered these differences, providing insights into construction practices over centuries. Additionally, an unknown structure within the monastery was preliminarily dated to the late 12th or 14th century based on mortar composition.
Climate Change Impact on the Cultural Heritage Sites in the European Part of Russia over the Past 60 Years
Climate change is significantly increasing frost damage and salt weathering at UNESCO World Heritage Sites in the European part of Russia, threatening their structural integrity. Over the past 60 years (1960–2020), rising air temperatures and atmospheric moisture levels have exacerbated these destructive processes, particularly in northern regions. The study, using ERA5 re-analysis data to calculate two frost damage indices and two salt weathering indices, highlights that current trends will likely worsen without mitigation. Given Russia's diverse climatic conditions—ranging from north to south—adaptation strategies must be tailored locally, considering the material composition of each site to effectively protect these cultural treasures.
Reconstruction of the Urban Historical Centre: Contemporary Problems, Difficulties, and Perspectives
Modern architectural integration with historical city centers, such as Novgorod's urban core, is feasible through strategic policies and innovative methods. The study highlights that unique contemporary buildings can coexist harmoniously with historical structures by adhering to principles of size, spatial composition, and architectural coherence. Experts propose the use of modern techniques, operational modes, and public programs to preserve cultural heritage while advancing sustainable development. This approach ensures the retention of irreplaceable spiritual, cultural, economic, and social values for future generations.
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