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Showing 12961 – 12980 of 15962 publications

Por las Rutas del Qhapaq Ñan: El Rol de los Caminos en la Construcción de la Historia y Territorio Peruano

Qhapaq Ñan, Andean Road System — 2020 — WHE6E5CAEB9A1

A groundbreaking analysis of the Qhapaq Ñan, the Andean Road System, challenges the prevailing narrative that the transition from pre-Hispanic to colonial Peru involved a complete restructuring of the Andean space. This study reveals significant continuity in the use of these roads across historical periods, despite the collapse of the Inca administrative system. By examining variations in routes and traces through a diacronic lens, researchers demonstrate how the Qhapaq Ñan persisted and influenced geopolitical and social organization from colonial times to contemporary Peru. The findings underscore the importance of considering continuities alongside changes when constructing Peruvian history, offering a more nuanced understanding of territorial evolution.

Port Arthur and the spectre of ‘unnatural acts’ in Australia

Australian Convict Sites — 2020 — WHE00262C568A

Port Arthur and the Coal Mines Historical Site in Australia bear the lingering legacy of 'anti-sodomitical hysteria,' a historical phenomenon tied to the anti-transportation movement that shaped Australia's penal landscape. This study reveals how the spectre of homophobia persists, even as same-sex relationships gain social acceptance. By analyzing references to 'unnatural acts' in historical texts and public discourse, the research demonstrates the enduring impact of 19th-century moral panics on contemporary Australian consciousness. The approach combines archival analysis with critical historical reading, offering a nuanced perspective on how heritage sites grapple with complex, often uncomfortable histories.

Port Royal

The Archaeological Ensemble of 17th Century Port Royal — 2020 — WHEBBB749EE37

Early English settlement policies in Jamaica aimed to establish patriarchal households, but the colony's entrepreneurial focus and lax enforcement of sexual behavior led to a diverse group of women—including wives, widows, indentured servants, and prisoners—seizing economic opportunities. These women played pivotal roles in turning Port Royal into a hub for both licit and illicit trade, while also investing in Atlantic slavery, thereby ensuring the participation of future generations of female islanders in slaveholding.

Porta Valbona a Urbino: la sua rappresentazione tra storia e restauro

Historic Centre of Urbino — 2020 — WHEF8F5D9BE8F

Porta Valbona, Urbino's most significant historic gate, stands as an exceptional urban palimpsest, preserving layers of historical evolution despite centuries of restorations. Built in 1621 for a royal wedding, its monumental facade and limestone eagles (18th-century additions) exemplify the city's architectural heritage. A multidisciplinary study—integrating urban, historical, geometric, material, and structural analyses—revealed Porta Valbona’s enduring testimonial, constructive, and architectural values. Leveraging GIS systems, researchers mapped its shape and resilience, identifying strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats to inform conservation strategies. This approach offers a model for studying and preserving complex monumental heritage sites.

Portraits of the grand knez Vukan in the endowments of Nemanjić's family in the 13th century

Studenica Monastery — 2020 — WHE7BF35BB3E6

A rare, fragmentary portrait of Grand Knez Vukan, the only modern one surviving, was discovered on the North wall of Studenica Monastery's main entrance tower. This finding suggests that Vukan, a ktetor (patron) of the monastery, may have been depicted in a larger composition alongside Simeon and his three sons, approaching the Mother of God and Christ. Unlike other Nemanjić family members, Vukan was excluded from primary family compositions due to his complex relationship with his brother Stefan, stemming from a civil war. However, after reconciliation brokered by Saint Sava, Vukan's role in transferring their father's relics was acknowledged, integrating him into the monastery's iconographic program and founder's inscription. This study sheds light on the ideological significance of frescoes in Studenica Monastery, reflecting the Nemanjić dynasty's emphasis on brotherly love and harmony.

Possible Sustainable Measures to Recover the Tourism Sector after the COVID-19 Crisis

Vineyard Landscape of Piedmont: Langhe-Roero and Monferrato — 2020 — WHE694F597FD1

The tourism sector, already resilient but facing unprecedented challenges due to COVID-19, can recover through sustainable measures that leverage global best practices and stakeholder collaboration. This study identifies replicable strategies for reviving tourist destinations like Lake Como, the Vineyard Landscape of Piedmont (Langhe-Roero and Monferrato), and the Amalfi Coast by analyzing historical trends, local governance, and stakeholder insights. It proposes a multidisciplinary approach integrating planning, business management, and tourism governance to mitigate long-term economic damage. Key recommendations include rapid academic and public sector intervention, safe travel protocols, and cross-sector partnerships to restore industry growth.

Post-Arab Spring Tunis: Materializing Revolution in the City

Medina of Tunis — 2020 — WHE9D8AC72F03

Tunis emerges as a paradigmatic case of an Arab revolutionary city, where the aftermath of the Arab Spring continues to shape urban landscapes through incremental, differentiated practices. This study identifies five key sites in Tunis—Medina and Avenue Bourguiba (national public spaces), Avenue Mohamed al-Khamis and Les Banlieues Nords (regime landscapes), and Qsar Bardo (a site of overlapping national and local governance)—as focal points of conflict over identity, heritage, security, and political legitimacy. These sites, endowed with collective memories and symbolic significance, serve as arenas where the new regime and citizens collectively negotiate the city's future. The research employs a multi-scaled approach combining fieldwork, regional analysis, and comparisons with international cases to trace how revolutionary practices materialize in urban spaces, offering insights into the enduring consequences of political transformation on cities.

Post-conservation Evaluation (Pce): Financial Performance of Adaptive Reuse Museums in George Town, Malaysia

Melaka and George Town, Historic Cities of the Straits of Malacca — 2020 — WHE965AEE093A

Adaptive reuse of historic buildings, a key strategy for conserving UNESCO World Heritage Sites like George Town, Malaysia, has not yet delivered stable financial returns for museums. Despite efforts to revitalize these structures, adaptive reuse museums face challenges such as low ticket sales revenue, high operational costs, and limited appeal to younger generations or business funders. A post-conservation evaluation (PCE) of four museums in George Town—Penang State Museum, Made in Penang Interactive Museum, Batik Painting Museum, and Dark Mansion-3D Glow in the Dark Museum—revealed that their financial performance remains unstable due to insufficient income generation relative to maintenance expenses. This study highlights the need for better financial strategies or decision-making frameworks to ensure sustainable adaptive reuse projects in culturally significant heritage buildings.

Postcards from Auschwitz

Auschwitz Birkenau German Nazi Concentration and Extermination Camp (1940-1945) — 2020 — WHE3840DB72C3

Holocaust tourism, including visits to sites like Auschwitz-Birkenau, plays a significant role in shaping collective memory and remembrance of the Holocaust. Contrary to perceptions that such tourism is commercial or superficial, it serves as a vital component in efforts to understand and remember this pivotal historical event. Daniel P. Reynolds' work reveals how tourism, influenced by Cold War politics, the 'memory boom' of the 1980s, and the fading eyewitness accounts, has evolved into a global phenomenon with diverse forms and interests. Through on-site explorations, contributions from Holocaust and tourism studies, and tourist observations, the study underscores the importance of tourism in challenging humanity's ideals and learning from the past.

Postcolonial Amnesia: The “Vanishing Present” of the Past in Le Cercle des noyés

Ancient Ksour of Ouadane, Chinguetti, Tichitt and Oualata — 2020 — WHEDC75CB9E46

The documentary 'Le Cercle des noyés' (Drowned in Oblivion) by Pierre-Yves Vandeweerd exposes the systemic political tyranny and collective amnesia in Mauritania, particularly targeting the Black minority. Through poignant testimonies of former detainees from Oualata's fort—described as a 'fort-mouroir' or death camp—and striking black-and-white imagery, the film challenges postcolonial narratives by problematizing historical representation and state-sanctioned violence. It serves as both a gesture against forgetting and a parable applicable to broader contexts of oppression, such as Guantánamo. The research approach combines aesthetic reflection with political analysis, avoiding sloganeering while delivering a powerful critique of power misuse and injustice.

Potential risks of Tithonia diversifolia in Yunnan Province under climate change

Three Parallel Rivers of Yunnan Protected Areas — 2020 — WHE0D96293EBA

Under climate change, the invasive grass Tithonia diversifolia is projected to expand its distribution in Yunnan Province by 12% (RCP2.6) and 93% (RCP8.5) by the 2050s, posing significant risks to protected areas. Currently affecting 26 sites across 2,822 km², its impact is expected to rise by 23–53%, with additional protected areas at risk under higher warming scenarios. The study used species distribution modeling to assess future threats, highlighting the need for climate mitigation and reduced human disturbance to safeguard native ecosystems in southern, southeastern, and northwestern Yunnan.

Potential tsunami hazard in Ujung Kulon National Park

Ujung Kulon National Park — 2020 — WHE6C867A6175

A study reveals that Ujung Kulon National Park (UKNP), a UNESCO World Heritage Site and the last habitat for the critically endangered Javan rhino, faces significant tsunami hazard potential. Simulations using the shallow water equation model indicate that tsunamis originating from Mount Anak Krakatau or the Sunda Arc subduction zone could reach heights of up to 12.9 meters along the park's 190 km coastline. This vulnerability threatens the preservation of UKNP's unique biodiversity, including its rare Javan rhino population, which numbers fewer than 100 individuals. The findings underscore the urgent need for enhanced management strategies to mitigate tsunami risks and safeguard this irreplaceable natural heritage.

Potosí: The Silver City That Changed the World

City of Potosí — 2020 — WHEB60839FFBC

Potosí is recognized as one of the most significant historical subjects due to its extraordinary silver mines, which played a pivotal role in global trade, colonial society, and environmental degradation. Kris Lane's comprehensive study, 'Potosí: The Silver City That Changed the World,' highlights the city's dual nature—innovation and creation alongside archetypal violence against humans and their environment. The research meticulously uses primary sources, including colonial writings, notary records, and judicial cases from Bolivian archives, along with images and photographs, to present a nuanced narrative of Potosí's history from its discovery in 1545 through the mid-twentieth century. This approach challenges readers to confront the moral ambiguities embedded in Potosí's complex history, offering insights relevant to global historical settings.

Potosí: the silver city that changed the world

City of Potosí — 2020 — WHEFDC3676DF2

Potosí, the historic silver city in Bolivia, stands as a pivotal case study in global economic and social transformation. Kris Lane's work reveals how Potosí's vast silver deposits, discovered in 1545, fueled the Spanish Empire's economy, reshaping global trade networks and labor systems. The research employs a 'longue durée' approach, tracing Potosí's evolution from its founding to the wars of independence, highlighting its role as a microcosm of colonial exploitation and indigenous resilience. This study underscores Potosí's enduring legacy in shaping world history through its economic dominance and complex social dynamics.

Potosí: The Silver City That Changed The World

City of Potosí — 2020 — WHEEA5648DFC3

Potosí, the historic silver city in Bolivia, stands as a testament to the profound global impact of its silver mining during colonial times. The study highlights how Potosí's vast silver deposits, exploited extensively from the 16th century onward, became the backbone of the Spanish Empire's economy and reshaped global trade dynamics. The research underscores the city's role in facilitating the transatlantic slave trade, as African labor was brought to sustain the grueling mining operations. Additionally, it explores Potosí's architectural and urban development, which reflects the convergence of European, Indigenous, and African influences, creating a unique cultural and historical landscape. The study employs archival research and historical analysis to trace the city's economic significance, its societal transformations, and its enduring legacy as a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

Pray to the Archive: Abstracting History in Zanzibar

Stone Town of Zanzibar — 2020 — WHEE1569E4B91

Archival readings of architecture, while common in scholarly work on Zanzibar's Stone Town, can obscure the island's complex and layered histories rather than illuminate them. This study demonstrates that such approaches often romanticize a past Indian Ocean cosmopolitanism at odds with Zanzibari reality, using the Khoja Jamatkhana as a case study. By analyzing formal architecture and historical context through the lens of contemporary artist Zarina Bhimji's work, the research reveals how archival readings limit our understanding of space-history relationships. The findings suggest that abstracting history in this manner restricts rather than expands our grasp of Zanzibar's architectural heritage.

Pre-Islamic Oasis Settlements in the Southern Sahara

Ennedi Massif: Natural and Cultural Landscape — 2020 — WHEC0BFBC384B

Pre-Islamic oasis settlements in the southern Sahara, particularly those around mountain massifs like Ennedi, Tibesti, Aïr, and Tassili n’Ajjer, are characterized by limited agricultural suitability due to variable rainfall and dynamic wadi systems. These regions, though historically important for pastoralism, lack stable conditions for oasis agriculture, contributing to the poor preservation of archaeological remains. The study highlights that while these areas once supported crocodile populations—evidenced by 19th- and early-20th-century reports—their environmental constraints have hindered long-term settlement stability.

Precipitation and the Associated Moist Static Energy Budget off Western Australia in Conjunction with Ningaloo Niño

Ningaloo Coast — 2020 — WHE06A9F2B4FA

Ningaloo Niño, a significant ocean-atmosphere climate event in the southeastern Indian Ocean, triggers distinct precipitation patterns off Western Australia. While sea surface temperature warming is most pronounced near western Australia (WA), the heaviest rainfall occurs off northwestern Australia (NWA). This discrepancy arises from differing moist static energy (MSE) transport processes: positive vertical MSE transport heats and moistens WA's atmosphere, but this effect is offset by negative horizontal advection. In contrast, NWA experiences significant radiative heating, surface heating, and both horizontal and vertical MSE advection, leading to intense summer precipitation. The study analyzed column-integrated MSE budgets to reveal these mechanisms, offering new insights into the rainfall patterns associated with Ningaloo Niño.

Predicting the Potential Current and Future Distribution of the Endangered Endemic Vascular Plant Primula boveana Decne. ex Duby in Egypt

Saint Catherine Area — 2020 — WHE362955C991

A rare and endangered plant, Primula boveana, survives exclusively in the Saint Catherine Protectorate of Egypt. This study predicts its current and future distribution using environmental data, revealing that only 796 individuals exist across a tiny area (250 m²), with key factors including elevation, precipitation, temperature, and soil pH. Field surveys confirmed five previously recorded localities as extinct while no new populations were found. Under climate change scenarios, P. boveana's range may shift upward, contracting at lower elevations but expanding above 2000 meters in southern parts. Conservation efforts are urgently needed, with recommendations for in situ reinforcement and reintroduction actions to protect this critically endangered species.

Préface. Charles-François Guibal et Son Œuvre

Place Stanislas, Place de la Carrière and Place d'Alliance in Nancy — 2020 — WHE2DEE901BB1

Nancy's urban landscape stands as a testament to its rich architectural and cultural evolution, particularly under the influence of Stanislas in the 18th century. The city's transformation during this period showcased a harmonious blend of architecture, sculpture, and wrought ironwork, creating one of the world's most celebrated public squares. Additionally, Nancy emerged as a cradle for decorative arts at the turn of the 20th century with the rise of its namesake school, which significantly influenced European art movements. This study highlights Nancy's dual legacy: its Renaissance origins under Charles III and its subsequent development into a hub for artistic innovation during the Art Nouveau era.