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Publications

Showing 19281 – 19300 of 30345 publications

The Plunder

Kalwaria Zebrzydowska: the Mannerist Architectural and Park Landscape Complex and Pilgrimage Park — 2018 — WHE8D288652C5

A detailed account of the escalating anti-Jewish violence in Galicia during 1898, culminating in state-declared emergencies. The study traces incidents from isolated salt mining town clashes to coordinated urban riots and raids, illustrating their interconnected nature through representative examples. By analyzing specific events—such as those in Przemyśl, Kalwaria Zebrzydowska, Jasło, Nowy Sącz, Stary Sącz, Limanowa, and Brzesko—the research provides insight into the progression and intensity of violence, ultimately influencing regional governance responses.

The politics of a natural laboratory: Claiming territory and governing life in the Galápagos Islands

Galápagos Islands — 2018 — WHE09A5C95A43

The Galápagos Islands, often seen as a natural laboratory of evolution, have been shaped by the interplay of scientific research, conservation, and tourism over the past century. This study reveals that the metaphor of a 'natural laboratory' has not only influenced knowledge production but also underpinned global environmental governance and territorial management. It shows how foreign naturalists in the mid-twentieth century used this concept to establish the Galápagos National Park and Charles Darwin Research Station, employing biopolitical strategies to control human access and introduced species. However, the analysis demonstrates that this approach has been unsustainable, highlighting the complex interplay between scientific authority, conservation efforts, and governance in shaping the archipelago's future.

The politics of memory in Samarkand in post-Soviet period

Samarkand – Crossroad of Cultures — 2018 — WHE93E0E94B8B

Samarkand's post-Soviet memory politics reflect a strategic shift toward emphasizing ethnic and religious tolerance, positioning the city as a pivotal site in Islamic history and the birthplace of Uzbekistan's first president, Islam Karimov. This study reveals how central authorities, under President Shavkat Mirziyoyev's leadership, reshaped Samarkand's identity through selective memory practices—highlighting historical figures, monuments, shrines, and renamed streets—to foster national cohesion and international relations. The analysis examines the interplay between state directives and local cultural elites in redefining Samarkand's past, demonstrating how urban landscapes serve as tools for nation-building.

The Population and Vital Rates of the Guaraní Missions discussed in Chapter 4

Jesuit Missions of the Guaranis: San Ignacio Mini, Santa Ana, Nuestra Señora de Loreto and Santa Maria Mayor (Argentina), Ruins of Sao Miguel das Missoes (Brazil) — 2018 — WHE490497F8B1

A comprehensive analysis of the population dynamics and vital rates among the Guaraní missions, spanning from 1609 to 1803, reveals significant demographic shifts and ethnic survival patterns. The study updates previous findings by incorporating new census data from archives in Buenos Aires and Rio de Janeiro, providing a more nuanced understanding of mission communities' formation and persistence. Key insights include the identification of trends in population growth, mortality rates, and the impact of external factors on these sedentary populations. This research employs comparative methods to contextualize the Guaraní missions within broader historical and demographic frameworks, offering valuable perspectives on the resilience and adaptation of indigenous communities during a pivotal period.

The power of ceremony

City of Graz – Historic Centre and Schloss Eggenberg — 2018 — WHE2143E005A1

Ceremonial events, even during wartime, play a significant diplomatic role by influencing political climates and reinforcing social hierarchies. This study highlights the strategic use of civic rituals and royal entries to elevate individuals—such as Prince Johann Seyfried, owner of Schloss Eggenberg—to positions of prominence among Europe's elite. By analyzing festival events and both temporary and permanent architecture in Milan during Swedish military campaigns, it demonstrates how private motivations with political implications shape public ceremonial practices. The research draws on anthropology, sociology, and historical analysis to explore the paradoxical interplay between warfare and diplomacy, offering insights into the enduring power of ritual in shaping power dynamics.

The Power of the Cross and Cruciform Devices in the Carolingian World

Historic Centre of Rome, the Properties of the Holy See in that City Enjoying Extraterritorial Rights and San Paolo Fuori le Mura — 2018 — WHEE888BBCF2D

The sign of the cross emerged as the dominant symbol of divine authority in Carolingian material and manuscript culture, overshadowing late antique christograms. This study reveals how cruciform devices evolved in the ninth century, incorporating early Byzantine traditions into Carolingian graphicacy. Notably, Hrabanus Maurus' In honorem sanctae crucis exemplifies the cross's central role as an organizing principle in visual and textual representations. The research analyzes manuscripts, including the Bible of San Paolo fuori le Mura, to demonstrate this shift. By examining carmina figurata and cruciform monograms, it highlights the cross's symbolic power in Carolingian society.

The Practices and Politics of Heritage in Antigua Guatemala

Antigua Guatemala — 2018 — WHE393A3EC35B

Heritage politics in Antigua Guatemala reveal how UNESCO and state regulations intersect with tourism economies, shaping urban aesthetics and everyday practices. The study finds that residents' heritage aesthetics, influenced by materiality and cultural performance, lead to unexpected political outcomes tied to economic activities. Using Latour's assemblage theory and Rancière's aesthetic regimes, the research interprets the heterogeneous contributions of the cityscape—particularly the Arch of Santa Catalina—to social, economic, and political dynamics. This approach demonstrates how heritage sites function as assemblages that articulate with daily practices, challenging conventional understandings of urban heritage management.

The Prehistoric Human Presence in Gua Kajang: Ancient Lifeways in The Malay Peninsula

Archaeological Heritage of the Lenggong Valley — 2018 — WHEDC7E42C39B

Archaeological research at Gua Kajang, a UNESCO World Heritage Site in Malaysia's Lenggong Valley, reveals significant insights into prehistoric human lifeways between 11,000 and 4,000 years ago. The study, based on two human burials and associated artefacts—including stone tools, fauna remains, and pottery—demonstrates that early inhabitants were likely cave-dwellers or hunter-gatherers relying heavily on forest resources. This challenges previous assumptions about prehistoric populations in the region and expands our understanding of cave archaeology in the Malay Peninsula. The findings underscore the site's importance as a window into ancient human behavior, adaptability, and cultural practices during a critical period of environmental transition.

The Problem of Artifacts in Saint Petersburg’s Architecture in the Second Quarter of the 19th Century

Historic Centre of Saint Petersburg and Related Groups of Monuments — 2018 — WHEA8D5203FAF

Saint Petersburg's architecture in the second quarter of the 19th century marked a transition from stylization to historicism, where antique prototypes were meticulously integrated into designs. This period, characterized by an 'archaeological method,' saw artifacts often clash with the overall aesthetic of buildings. By the mid-19th century, eclecticism emerged, blending elements from various historical styles more freely. The study highlights how this shift reflected broader cultural and artistic trends in Europe, moving away from rigid reproduction to a more fluid, imaginative approach.

The Problem of Slavery in the Age of Improvement

New Lanark — 2018 — WHE17FE661DFF

New Lanark, a model Scottish industrial village established near the Falls of Clyde, emerges as a critical locus for examining competing moral imperatives during the late 18th and early 19th centuries. This study reveals that New Lanark's economic and ideological development was intricately linked to global debates on slavery, imperialism, and industrialization. By analyzing key writings from its directors, David Dale and Robert Owen, Michael Morris demonstrates how Scotland's transition to cotton production reflected broader geopolitical tensions, particularly concerning the abolition of slavery in the Caribbean. The chapter employs recent theoretical approaches in global history to contextualize Scottish industrial improvement within a larger narrative of social and political emancipation movements across early 19th-century London, Mexico, and Jamaica, culminating in the 1833 Anti-Slavery Act.

The Problem with Printing Palmyra: Exploring the Ethics of Using 3D Printing Technology to Reconstruct Heritage

Site of Palmyra — 2018 — WHEE69CCE967A

A critical analysis reveals that the 3D-printed reconstruction of Palmyra’s Arch of Triumph falls short of ethical standards for heritage preservation, raising concerns about digital reconstructions. The study identifies four key failures: neglecting human loss and political context, inaccuracies in material and scale, limited public access due to patent restrictions, and a reckless approach that disregards the needs of affected communities. While UNESCO and ICOMOS lack formal guidelines for such reconstructions, this research underscores the urgent need for ethical frameworks to govern digital heritage restoration, ensuring accountability and respect for historical integrity.

The Production and Utilization of Copies of Mural Paintings at Goguryeo Tombs in North Korea

Complex of Koguryo Tombs — 2018 — WHE7CBC9D1564

North Korea's early reproductions of Goguryeo tomb mural paintings, notably by defectors Jeong Hyeon-ung and Son Yeong-gi, serve as invaluable records capturing the original colors, damage, and historical changes in these murals. These copies, created between 1952 and 1963, go beyond black-and-white documentation, preserving intricate details such as flaking and contamination that were lost to earlier photographic methods. Used both for cultural preservation and international publicity, these reproductions were later exhibited globally, including in Hungary (1952) and Japan (1985–1987), and even in South Korea in the 1990s–2000s. By serving as prototypes for future restorations and institutional materials, they highlight North Korea's strategic use of cultural heritage to assert historical legitimacy while contributing significantly to the preservation and understanding of Goguryeo's artistic legacy.

The Pseudepigraphical “Life of Moses” in the “Tichonravov’s Chronograph” and in the Biblical Compendium from the Collection of thе Trinity Lavra of St. Sergius

Architectural Ensemble of the Trinity Sergius Lavra in Sergiev Posad — 2018 — WHE2E9E35FAC0

A previously unknown Slavic-Russian version of the apocryphal 'Life of Moses' has been identified and analyzed, revealing distinct narrative sequences, unique textual readings, and stylistic differences compared to known versions. This discovery stems from two 15th-century manuscripts: Tikhonravov’s Chronograph and the Biblical Compendium from the Trinity Lavra of St. Sergius. The study also uncovered insertions correlating with Greek sources like George Kedrenos’ Chronicon, providing new insights into the evolution of this apocryphon. Additionally, revisions in the biblical Compendium link to Slavic-Russian translations of the Historical Palaea, contributing to a revised stemma of relations between editions.

The reinterment of John Hunter's remains in Westminster Abbey and the memorial brass erected over his grave

Palace of Westminster and Westminster Abbey including Saint Margaret’s Church — 2018 — WHE0F2B262082

A misfiled letter from a Worcestershire village church led to the rediscovery of key historical details about John Hunter's reinterment in Westminster Abbey. The study reveals not only the circumstances surrounding his 1859 relocation from St Martin-in-the-Fields but also provides insights into the creation and cost of the memorial brass over his grave, as well as the genesis of Weekes's statue of Hunter. This finding sheds new light on the historical preservation efforts at UNESCO World Heritage Sites like Westminster Abbey.

The Remuneration of Preaching Abroad

Town of Bamberg — 2018 — WHEEECF4D9F85

A comparative analysis of death sermons on Bishop Otto of Bamberg from the 12th to late 15th centuries reveals evolving perspectives on mercy, social inclusion, and political critique. While 12th-century Benedictine monks Herbord and Ebo celebrated Otto's missionary work and social compassion, framing him as a Christ-like figure, 15th-century Franciscan Konrad Bischof omitted such criticism, aligning with the prevailing societal hierarchy. This shift reflects broader changes in Bamberg's social and political landscape, where earlier critiques of elite excess became untenable. The study highlights how textual adaptations—such as death sermons—mirror societal transformations, yet notably omit discussions on missionary remuneration, despite Otto's unrecognized efforts.

The Representations of Historic Jeddah

Historic Jeddah, the Gate to Makkah — 2018 — WHEFEF04A32AA

Historic Jeddah, known locally as Al Balad, faces complex challenges in balancing conservation and representation of its cultural heritage. This study identifies three distinct layers of reality—Surreality, Reality, and Hyperreality—that shape how the city's identity is perceived and portrayed, both locally and globally. By analyzing festivals and other representations through textual and visual mediums, the research highlights the tensions between preserving historical authenticity while simultaneously crafting narratives that resonate with citizens and the broader world. The findings underscore the need for a nuanced approach to heritage conservation that acknowledges these layered realities.

The Research on the Ecological Environment Construction and Poverty Alleviation Development in "Three Rivers Parallel Flow Area" of Yunnan Province

Three Parallel Rivers of Yunnan Protected Areas — 2018 — WHE490277F348

A balanced approach to ecological protection and poverty alleviation can achieve sustainable development in the UNESCO-listed Three Parallel Rivers of Yunnan Protected Areas. The study highlights that integrating environmental benefits with economic and social gains—through market-oriented strategies, cost-benefit analysis, and long-term forest conservation along the Lancang, Jinsha, and Nu Rivers—enables simultaneous ecological security and regional prosperity. This method not only addresses immediate poverty reduction but also safeguards natural heritage for future generations, offering a scalable model for downstream regions. The research emphasizes shifting from resource-driven to sustainable development paradigms while aligning with China's western development and ecological protection policies.

The restoration of the endangered Sambucus palmensis after 30 years of conservation actions in the Garajonay National Park: genetic assessment and niche modeling

Garajonay National Park — 2018 — WHE10205C022C

A genetic analysis of the endangered Canary Islands endemic Sambucus palmensis reveals that 30 years of conservation efforts, primarily through translocation using cuttings, have successfully increased population heterozygosity while preserving unique genetic diversity. The study, conducted in Garajonay National Park (La Gomera), genotyped 402 samples from restored and natural populations using seven microsatellite markers. While clonal reproduction remains prevalent due to propagation methods, the Liria population emerged as a critical genetic reservoir. Species distribution modeling identified new suitable reintroduction areas, guiding future conservation strategies. The findings underscore the effectiveness of targeted reinforcement while highlighting the importance of preserving native genetic variation.

The Rio Platano Biosphere Reserve

Río Plátano Biosphere Reserve — 2018 — WHEE9C6EFE4B0

Contemporary Indigenous struggles over land and territory in the Río Plátano Biosphere Reserve, Honduras, are both historical contests and present-day battles against state and elite dehumanization. Despite landmark legislation awarding territorial rights to Miskito Territorial Councils since 2013, the Miskito peoples face persistent threats from colono land invasions and extractivist development, which perpetuates colonial logics of race and gender. This study reveals that biodiversity conservation and extractive development are intertwined, often employed to marginalize Indigenous and Afro-descendant communities. Using a blend of ethnographic data, news media, archival documents, development reports, and secondary literature, the research exposes the violence embedded in these practices, challenging narratives of modernity and development while highlighting the resilience of Miskito land defenders.

The Ritual Landscape of the Inca

City of Cuzco — 2018 — WHE5690184029

Research reveals that the Inca Empire's ritual landscape, centered around Cuzco, was organized into a highly complex system of 42 ceques (ritual pathways) radiating from the Temple of the Sun. At the time of European invasion in 1532 CE, this network included over 328 shrines (huacas), both natural and artificial, such as caves, boulders, springs, and man-made structures like fountains and canals. Each shrine required prayers and offerings, with maintenance responsibilities distributed among kin groups along each ceque. This system represents the most intricate ritual network identified in the ancient New World, offering profound insights into Inca cosmology and social organization.