Publications
Artificial Intelligence in Documenting, Analyzing and Reimagining Soil Architecture: A Comparative Study between Saudi Arabia (Diriyah/Al-ula) and the UAE (Al Ain)
Artificial intelligence (AI) and advanced imaging technologies are transforming the preservation of earthen heritage sites, as demonstrated by a comparative study between Diriyah/Al-Ula (Saudi Arabia) and Al Ain (UAE). The research reveals that AI-driven workflows—integrating photogrammetry, LiDAR, BIM, and augmented reality—enable precise digital twin creation, deeper data analysis, and virtual reconstructions. These tools not only enhance documentation but also support public engagement and scholarly inquiry. The study underscores the potential of AI to sustainably preserve Gulf and Arab heritage, offering actionable recommendations for policymakers, educators, and heritage professionals.
Managing Archaeological Heritage Sites: A Comparative Analysis Across Cultural Contexts
Archaeological site management effectiveness is significantly shaped by cultural context, governance structures, and local stakeholder involvement. A comparative study across the Giza Necropolis (Egypt), Madain Saleh (Saudi Arabia), and Al-Ain's archaeological sites (United Arab Emirates) reveals that regions with strong community participation, such as Al-Ain, achieve more sustainable preservation outcomes by integrating local knowledge. In contrast, state-dominated systems face bureaucratic constraints and limited local engagement. The research employs mixed-methods—field observations, interviews, and archival analysis—to identify cross-cultural patterns and best practices. Findings underscore the critical role of governance, funding mechanisms, and cultural attitudes in heritage management, offering actionable insights for Arab countries aiming to enhance community-driven preservation strategies.
Research Draft — Not an Official DCT Abu Dhabi Publication: The Museum Ecosystem: Dimensions of Sustainability and Their Implementation in Abu Dhabi
Abu Dhabi's museum ecosystem is a global model for integrating sustainability into cultural heritage preservation and economic growth. The study, part of the CultureSTATS-AD programme, reveals that museums like Louvre Abu Dhabi and UNESCO-listed Al Ain Cultural Sites serve as pillars of social, economic, and environmental sustainability. These institutions enhance community engagement through participatory practices and digital innovation, while also driving local economies by supporting SMEs and aligning with global ESG principles. Abu Dhabi's strategic investment in heritage-centred regeneration projects, such as those in the Oases Areas, exemplifies how cultural sites can contribute to urban resilience and ecological restoration, reflecting alignment with international frameworks like UNESCO’s 2025 Cultural Statistics Framework and OECD guidelines.
The Museum Ecosystem: Dimensions of Sustainability and Their Implementation in Abu Dhabi 2025
Abu Dhabi's museum ecosystem is positioned as a global leader in sustainability, integrating social, economic, and environmental dimensions to enhance community engagement, drive economic growth, and reduce carbon emissions. The report, part of the CultureSTATS-AD programme, highlights Abu Dhabi's strategic investment in world-class institutions like Louvre Abu Dhabi and UNESCO-listed sites such as the Cultural Sites of Al Ain, which foster global dialogue, preserve Emirati identity, and align with international frameworks like the 2025 UNESCO Framework for Cultural Statistics. By leveraging innovative practices—such as recycling exhibition sets and supporting SMEs—the ecosystem demonstrates how cultural institutions can contribute to sustainable development while addressing climate resilience in extreme weather conditions.
Digital Revival: Virtual Access to Hidden Cultural Heritage - Al Ain Aflaj Discoveries, UAE
A groundbreaking archaeological discovery in Al Ain, UAEhas uncovered over 60 ancient Aflaj (underground water channels) across 150 sites, spanning from the Iron Age to the Late Islamic era. These findings illuminate the sophisticated water management systems that sustained agriculture and historical development for three millennia. To preserve and share this hidden heritage, researchers developed the 'Aflaj Discoveries' digital platform, leveraging advanced techniques like 3D laser scanning and photogrammetry. The platform offers interactive maps, immersive AR/VR experiences, and detailed visualizations, providing unprecedented virtual access to inaccessible sites. While challenges in sustainability, data management, and intellectual property were addressed, the initiative sets a precedent for inclusive, accessible, and ethically balanced digital heritage preservation.
Microclimate Analysis of Outdoor Showcases in Tropical Climate—Two Case Studies in Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
Extreme greenhouse conditions within glass showcases, exacerbated by direct solar radiation and evaporation–condensation cycles, pose significant risks to the preservation of historic earthen walls at Al Ain’s Cultural Sites. The study, conducted in a hot desert climate with high aridity, reveals that these conditions generate dangerously high temperatures and soluble salt accumulation on the remains. To address this undocumented scenario, researchers modeled solar radiation and shading while measuring temperature, humidity, and moisture content over a year. Mitigation strategies such as shading, ventilation, and cooling are proposed to reduce the greenhouse effect and improve conservation outcomes.
Preventing Glass Misting in Indoor Showcases with Burial Remains at Al Ain, UAE
A year-long environmental monitoring study at the UNESCO World Heritage-listed Cultural Sites of Al Ain, UAE, revealed that indoor glass misting—caused by temperature and humidity contrasts between showcases housing archaeological remains and the air-conditioned room environment—poses a significant risk to artifact visibility and preservation. The research identified key mitigation strategies to prevent condensation, including reducing room cooling, raising glass pane temperatures using electrical devices, and increasing air exchanges between showcases and rooms. These findings provide actionable solutions to protect burial remains while maintaining optimal viewing conditions in hot desert climates.
Integration of Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Remote Sensing to Assess Threats to Preservation of the Oases: Case of Al Ain, UAE
A study on the UNESCO-listed oases of Al Ain, UAE, reveals that despite significant urban expansion and land use changes since 1972, these historical sites have remained largely unaffected, reflecting strong preservation efforts. Researchers used a combination of Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and remote sensing to assess threats such as water scarcity, soil salinity, palm disease, and legal frameworks. While built-up areas increased by 91% and grass cover by 76%, the oases' vegetation health remained stable, as indicated by NDVI and NDWI metrics. The study highlights the effectiveness of cloud-based satellite imagery in monitoring threats and aligns with UN SDG 15 (Life on Land). It recommends updating preservation policies to address climate change and population growth, while suggesting hyperspectral remote sensing for future studies on soil salinity and palm diseases.
Visitor Management Plan for the Complex of AL -Ain National Museum and the Eastern Fort (World Heritage Site)
A projected surge in visitors to the UNESCO World Heritage Sites of Al Ain, including the AL-Ain National Museum and Eastern Fort, necessitates a comprehensive Visitor Management Plan. Currently attracting around 800,000 annual visitors, these sites are expected to see a significant increase to 1.3 million by 2030. The plan aims to enhance accessibility and public engagement through the rehabilitation of the museum, dedicated to the life of Sheikh Zayed bin Sultan Al Nahyan, and the addition of new displays showcasing the history of Al Ain city. Additionally, it seeks to make the oasis areas more accessible while preserving their cultural significance. The study outlines a strategic approach to manage this growth, ensuring sustainable tourism that respects the historical and cultural integrity of these sites.
Branding Al Ain as a tourist destination
Al Ain, part of the UNESCO-listed Cultural Sites of Al Ain in the UAE, holds significant potential to grow as a tourist destination, contributing to the nation's brand and aligning with Sustainable Development Goals for economic growth. A study using quantitative marketing research techniques, including Discrete Choice Analysis and Max-Diff, analyzed preferences from 178 online questionnaires out of 350 respondents. The findings suggest that Al Ain can be strategically positioned within Abu Dhabi Emirate or the UAE nation brand, clarifying its brand associations and identity. This research provides actionable insights for organizations like the Abu Dhabi Department of Tourism and Culture to refine promotional strategies and destination positioning.
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