Forts and Castles, Volta, Greater Accra, Central and Western Regions

African World Heritage site tourism management: Applying the ICOMOS International Cultural Heritage Tourism Charter towards Destination Sustainability and Resiliency

Applying the ICOMOS International Charter for Cultural Heritage Tourism (ICCHT) can enhance the resilience of UNESCO World Heritage Sites (WHS) to climate change impacts, ensuring sustainable tourism and conservation. A case study on Ghana's Forts and Castles WHS demonstrates that integrating ICCHT principles—particularly those addressing climate adaptation—and leveraging UNESCO-aligned monitoring tools can mitigate degradation risks from adverse weather conditions. This approach supports continuous site use, sustainable livelihoods, and economic benefits for local communities while preserving cultural landscapes. The study highlights the need for better implementation of UNESCO recommendations to improve WHS management in Africa.