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Un ciclo musical para la vida en la misión Jesuítica: Los cuadernos de ofertorios de San Rafael, Chiquitos (S.XVIII) ed. by Leonardo Waisman, and: Un ciclo musical para la vida en la misión Jesuítica: Los cuadernos de ofertorios de San Rafael, Chiquitos (S.XVIII) ed. by Leonardo Waisman, and: Un ciclo musical para la vida en la misión Jesuítica: Los cuadernos de ofertorios de San Rafael, Chiquitos (S.XVIII) ed. by Leonardo Waisman

Jesuit Missions of the Chiquitos — 2017 — WHE1A7C6C5886

A significant musical discovery from the Jesuit Missions of Chiquitos, Bolivia, has been meticulously documented and edited by Leonardo Waisman and collaborators. This collection, comprising nearly ninety compositions from the 18th century, represents a critical edition of one of two major archives resulting from Jesuit activity in South America. The music, preserved in the San Rafael mission, offers valuable insights into the cultural and religious practices of the Guarani people during this period. The research approach involved rigorous scholarly analysis, transcription, and critical editing, providing researchers and performers with an unprecedented resource for studying and performing this repertory. This work is particularly significant as it sheds light on the intellectual debates surrounding missionary aims, freedom, power, and religion in the 18th century.

Un recorrido por la fotografía de Jean Laurent: el caso particular de la ciudad de Toledo

Historic City of Toledo — 2017 — WHEBEA0FBB183

Jean Laurent's photography, particularly his depictions of Toledo, played a pivotal role in the 19th-century expansion of Spanish imagery across Europe. His work, showcased in catalogs from 1863 to 1896, captured monumental and artistic elements, contributing significantly to the romantic aesthetic movement prevalent at the time. Laurent's success as both an inventor and businessman allowed him to traverse Spain and Portugal, documenting cities like Toledo with a focus on their cultural and architectural heritage. This study highlights his influence in shaping European perceptions of Spanish landscapes and monuments through photography.

Underestimated regional species diversity in the Cape Floristic Region revealed by phylogenetic analysis of the Erica abietina/E. viscaria clade (Ericaceae)

Cape Floral Region Protected Areas — 2017 — WHEE5EF807327

Phylogenetic analysis of the Erica abietina/E. viscaria clade (Ericaceae) reveals that the seven currently recognized subspecies of E. abietina represent at least three distinct, endemic lineages with non-overlapping distributions in the Cape Floristic Region (CFR). This challenges current taxonomic classifications and underscores the underestimated regional species diversity within this globally significant floral kingdom. The study, using nuclear ribosomal and plastid DNA sequences, resurrects the name E. grandiflora for two subspecies and introduces a new species, E. situshiemalis, further highlighting the complex endemism of Cape Erica. These findings add to the known endemic species in Table Mountain National Park.

Underestimated seismic hazard in the south of the Issyk-Kul Lake region (northern Tian Shan)

Western Tien-Shan — 2017 — WHE8E40A29F21

A significant underestimation of seismic hazard exists in the southern Issyk-Kul Lake region, part of the UNESCO-listed Western Tien-Shan. Recent research identified active tectonic structures, including faults and folds linked to the South Issyk-Kul Fault, which have caused strong earthquakes (magnitude ≥ 7) in historical and paleoearthquake events dating back to the Holocene and Late Pleistocene epochs. These seismic activities, evidenced by fault scarps and rockslides, were previously unrecorded in this region. The study also revealed deformations in archaeological monuments, supporting the presence of epicentral areas for strong earthquakes (intensity ≥ IX). A model describing a fault rupture plane that becomes shallower southward, complicated by reverse thrusts, was proposed. This indicates the existence of a long-lived fault zone separating structures with different movement regimes during Neotectonic time, highlighting the need to reassess seismic risk in this region.

Understanding climate-change adaptation on Kakadu National Park, using a combined diagnostic and modelling framework: a case study at Yellow Water wetland

Kakadu National Park — 2017 — WHE917F72538C

A combined diagnostic and modelling framework reveals that sea-level rise (SLR) on Kakadu National Park, particularly at Yellow Water wetland, may paradoxically foster collaboration between Indigenous and non-Indigenous knowledge systems. While SLR threatens freshwater ecosystems, cultural sites, and infrastructure, the study suggests it could unify responses to a shared threat. Mitigation measures like levees are proposed for localized protection, but broader adaptation hinges on engaging Kakadu Bininj in research and monitoring to enhance adaptive capacity amid irreversible landscape changes. The approach integrates governance analysis with qualitative modelling and Bayesian belief networks, offering a semi-quantitative tool for assessing SLR impacts on social–ecological systems.

Understanding Divergent Constructions of Vulnerability and Resilience: Climate Change Discourses in the German Cities of Lübeck and Rostock

Hanseatic City of Lübeck — 2017 — WHE9F0E84ABAE

Despite sharing similar geographic and climatic conditions, the German coastal cities of Lübeck and Rostock exhibit divergent perceptions of vulnerability and resilience to climate change. This discrepancy is attributed to their distinct historical and socio-economic contexts, with Rostock's past as part of the former GDR and subsequent marginalization influencing local knowledge about climate impacts. The study employs discourse analysis of news articles and expert interviews to reveal these idiosyncratic constructions, suggesting that social constructionism can provide a framework for understanding such differences. Additionally, it underscores the role of shared experiences like social marginalization in shaping climate change narratives.

Understanding the historical institutional context by using content analysis of local policy and planning documents: Assessing the interactions between tourism and landscape on the Island of Terschelling in the Wadden Sea Region

Wadden Sea — 2017 — WHE99DD4B0DAA

Content analysis of local policy and planning documents on the Island of Terschelling, a UNESCO World Heritage Site within the Wadden Sea region, reveals an increasing awareness of synergies between tourism and landscape protection. This study demonstrates that such analyses can serve as proxies for understanding historical institutional contexts, providing valuable insights to balance socio-economic development with nature conservation. The research, spanning 1945 to 2015, identified fluctuations in priorities but highlighted the growing recognition of synergy as a means to enhance social-ecological resilience. Supported by semi-structured interviews with key informants, this approach offers policymakers and planners a tool to improve decision-making in complex institutional environments.

Understanding the identity of Ibiza, Spain

Ibiza, Biodiversity and Culture — 2017 — WHE311F012746

Ibiza's identity is characterized by six distinct dimensions: its vibrant club and discotheque scene, an exciting personality, an atmosphere of harmony, moments of collective fusion, a clubber image, and the figure of a young, liberal tourist who loves to party. This identity remains strong and stable over time, with limited potential for radical repositioning. The study used Kapferer's brand-identity prism and qualitative analysis through focus groups involving tourists who had visited Ibiza in the past to uncover these dimensions.

Understanding the long term consequences of fragmentation: lessons from the bats of Bijagós (Guinea-Bissau, West Africa)

Coastal and Marine Ecosystems of the Bijagós Archipelago – Omatí Minhô — 2017 — WHE02F1AE71C1

Long-term habitat fragmentation, such as that experienced by the Bijagós Archipelago in Guinea-Bissau due to sea-level rise around 11,000 years ago, drastically reduces species richness—even for highly mobile taxa like bats. A study of bat assemblages across eight Bijagós islands and nearby coastal regions found that island species richness was only about one-fifth of mainland levels, with generalist and abundant species dominating. Unlike recent human-caused fragmentation, where impacts may be less severe due to lower matrix contrast (e.g., land vs. water), the findings suggest that ongoing habitat loss in high-contrast landscapes will likely lead to further species depletion over time.

UNESCO’s Historic Centre of Porto: Rehabilitation and Sustainability

Historic Centre of Oporto, Luiz I Bridge and Monastery of Serra do Pilar — 2017 — WHE25FCAE76D2

Porto's Historic Centre, a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 1996, has successfully undergone rehabilitation and sustainability efforts led by Porto Vivo – SRU. This initiative balances heritage preservation with environmental and social considerations, focusing on enhancing urban functions, contemporary comfort, and mobility while minimizing energy impact. The approach integrates cultural identity, health, and lifestyle improvements, demonstrating a model for sustainable urban development that can be replicated globally.

Unintended Side Effects of Conservation: A Case Study of Changing Land Use in Jiuzhaigou, Sichuan, China

Jiuzhaigou Valley Scenic and Historic Interest Area — 2017 — WHE0465E083EE

Conservation efforts in Jiuzhaigou Valley National Nature Reserve, aimed at restoring the landscape to a perceived 'natural' state and protecting biodiversity, have led to unintended consequences. A study analyzing satellite imagery from 1973, 2004, and 2013 revealed that while overall cleared land has decreased, the distribution of treeless areas has shifted towards flatter slopes in valley bottoms (~2400 m) and higher subalpine elevations (~3800 m). This change reduces topographic diversity, potentially impacting biodiversity, as plant communities in Jiuzhaigou are highly stratified by elevation and aspect. Additionally, the study found that many 1973 treeless areas were on deep-seated landslides, whereas recent ones are on landslide deposits and alluvial fans, suggesting that relocation efforts may not mitigate natural hazard risks for residents. These findings highlight the complex interplay between conservation policies, landscape diversity, biodiversity, and human vulnerability in protected areas.

Unity in Diversity: The Palio of Siena as Civil Religion

Historic Centre of Siena — 2017 — WHE6867465ED8

The Palio of Siena is identified as the principal modern expression of Sienese civil religion, encapsulating the city's historic memory and distinctive civilization. This festival, occurring twice annually, uniquely blends variety with sameness, change with continuity, serving as both a psychological and topographical center for Siena. Following the fall of the independent Sienese Republic in 1555, the Campo became a focal point for introspective self-consciousness, reflecting the city's enduring cultural identity.

Universal heritage meets local livelihoods: ‘awkward engagements’ at the world cultural heritage listing in Bali

Cultural Landscape of Bali Province: the Subak System as a Manifestation of the Tri Hita Karana Philosophy — 2017 — WHE14136E89D0

The UNESCO World Heritage listing of Bali's Cultural Landscape, recognizing the Subak system as a manifestation of the Tri Hita Karana philosophy, has led to significant 'awkward engagements' on the ground. These challenges include uncontrolled development, disputes over benefit allocation, and governance issues, which stem from the gulf between global World Heritage standards and local community needs. Through ethnographic study, the research highlights how local agencies, left to manage the site independently, face complex problems that undermine the intended benefits of heritage recognition. The findings underscore the unintended consequences of such listings when local contexts are not adequately considered in implementation.

Üniversite Öğrencileri Açısından Kentsel Kültürel Peyzajlarda Karakter ve Algı Değişimi: Bartın, Amasra, Safranbolu*

City of Safranbolu — 2017 — WHE13D762DE66

University students' perceptions highlight the need for strategic urban planning to preserve the distinct cultural landscapes of Bartın, Amasra, and Safranbolu. The study found that while these cities—key stops on Turkey’s Western Black Sea cultural tourism route—retain unique historical and aesthetic qualities, rapid urbanization poses risks. Students identified the Bartın River as a defining feature but noted its need for flood-resistant redesign; Amasra’s peninsula location offers visual variety, yet new constructions disrupt its protected area coherence. Safranbolu’s traditional houses and saffron cultivation contribute to its cultural identity, though green spaces are lacking. The research underscores that aligning urban design with local heritage is crucial for sustaining these landscapes' sustainability and appeal.

Unusual Strong Ground Motion Across Japan From the 680 km Deep 30 May 2015 Ogasawara Islands Earthquake

Ogasawara Islands — 2017 — WHED7C59E7E47

A deep earthquake (Mw 7.9) beneath the Ogasawara Islands, occurring at an unusual depth of 680 km, produced strong ground motion across Japan with distinct low-frequency characteristics unlike typical subducting slab earthquakes. Unlike conventional deep earthquakes that generate high-frequency waves guided by the Pacific slab, this event primarily radiated low-frequency S wave pulses (<1 Hz) and long-period signals (<0.1 Hz), resulting in significant shaking at regional distances (1,000–2,000 km). Numerical simulations revealed that these low-frequency waves originated from direct S waves and SV-to-P conversions at the free surface, forming a shear-coupled PL wave reinforced by continuous S wave input. The weak high-frequency slab-guided signal was attributed to the earthquake's exceptional depth, outside the main subducting slab, highlighting the unique seismic behavior of very deep earthquakes.

Urban Accessibility Of Historical Cities: The Venetian Case Study

Venice and its Lagoon — 2017 — WHE40DA44B127

A strategic program for Venice could successfully integrate conservation requirements with accessibility improvements, addressing the unique challenges posed by its historical urban fabric and UNESCO World Heritage status. The study evaluates current national and regional regulations alongside Inclusive Design principles to identify strategies that enhance mobility and usability, particularly for bridges, which are currently limited in accessibility due to their stepped nature. By analyzing existing solutions like the 'stepped ramp' and new accessible ramps for the Venice Marathon, the research aims to transition from mechanical devices to specific architectural projects that guarantee autonomy while preserving historical integrity.

Urban Conservation Policies and Plans for a World Heritage Site Case: Antique Pergamon City and its Multi-Layered Cultural Landscape

Pergamon and its Multi-Layered Cultural Landscape — 2017 — WHEDA8E246A5A

Pergamon (Bergama), Turkey, achieved UNESCO World Heritage status in 2014 as a multi-layered cultural landscape, highlighting successful urban and archaeological conservation efforts spanning from 1992 to 2014. The study reveals that while such achievements are possible through coordinated policies by central and local governments, they come at the cost of time, financial resources, and potential loss in historical areas, particularly Ottoman houses and open archaeological sites. It also underscores persistent challenges faced by Turkey's urban and archaeological sites, including lack of public awareness, insufficient funding, and administrative inefficiencies. The research focuses on the conservation policies implemented by key authorities such as the Ministry of Culture and Tourism, Ministry of Environment, Bergama Municipality, and the General Directorate of Vakiflar, providing a case study for effective heritage management.

Urban Cultural Heritage: Managing and Preserving a Local Global Common in the Twenty-first Century

Seventeenth-Century Canal Ring Area of Amsterdam inside the Singelgracht — 2017 — WHE6572B4EC6E

Urban cultural heritage, serving as both a local and global common, faces significant challenges in preservation amid rapid urbanization. This study evaluates the effectiveness of existing UNESCO conventions—specifically those protecting World Cultural and Natural Heritage and Intangible Cultural Heritage—in safeguarding urban heritage, finding them largely inadequate for modern contexts. A new approach, the 2011 Recommendation on Historic Urban Landscape (HUL), is analyzed through case studies, revealing successful applications in Amsterdam, Ballarat, and Cuenca, while highlighting failures in Stockholm, Hong Kong, and Macau. The research proposes a governance framework for sustainable urban development, emphasizing heritage's role in identity formation and collective memory. It concludes that a new UNESCO convention may be necessary to address contemporary urban heritage challenges.

Urban Planning by Le Corbusier According to Praxeological Knowledge

The Architectural Work of Le Corbusier, an Outstanding Contribution to the Modern Movement — 2017 — WHE04A43B327D

Le Corbusier's urban planning principles, rooted in praxeological and system knowledge, revolutionized modern city construction by emphasizing geometric forms, regularity, and repetition. His designs, though criticized for centralization, prioritized individual welfare through functional yet emotionally resonant built environments. The study analyzes his efficient design process, revealing a multidisciplinary approach that synthesized social, industrial, and economic aspects. These innovative concepts remain influential, serving as foundational models for contemporary virtual city planning. Le Corbusier's work demonstrates the methodological link between theoretical research and practical production, underscoring urban planning as a complex synthesis of diverse factors.

Urban Problematic of Cultural Management in Historical Fragments in Istanbul: a Case Study in Fener-Balat and Süleymaniye

Historic Areas of Istanbul — 2017 — WHEEBB2094EF7

Urban transformation and gentrification in Istanbul's historic districts, including Fener-Balat and Süleymaniye—both UNESCO World Heritage Sites—have disrupted the relationship between symbolic capital and collective memory, threatening cultural heritage. The study reveals that neoliberal urbanization processes have led to the instrumentalization of urban space, prioritizing market-based trajectories over alternative paths, and have contributed to phenomena such as urban alienation and cultural uprooting. This shift has also transformed collective consciousness based on historicity, moving towards a post-emotional socialization stage where culture is mediatized and expressed in packaged socio-spatial practices. The research analyzes the socio-spatial impacts of gentrification and the unregulated dynamics of Neo-Ottomanist approaches in urban renewal, highlighting the risks to human-centered democratic communities and polyphonic cultural constituents.