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« Quis esset episcopus Tornacensis ignorabatur ». Le schisme tournaisien (1483-1506)

Notre-Dame Cathedral in Tournai — 2012 — WHEE8D29734C1

The schism in the Diocese of Tournai (1483–1506) revealed complex intersections of ecclesiastical and political power, highlighting how papal authority, royal influence, and regional conflicts shaped late medieval church governance. Unlike other French diocesan schisms resolved under the Pragmatic Sanction, this conflict saw the cathedral chapter's role diminish rapidly, leaving a struggle between the pope, the king, and the Duke of Burgundy. The diocese's geographical extent—spanning Flemish, Northern Burgundian, and Walloon territories—exacerbated divisions, reflecting broader tensions in the Low Countries, including the Flemish Civil War and the rise of a 'national church' under Habsburg-Burgundian rule. This study sheds light on how institutional stagnation and political maneuvering disrupted ecclesiastical stability, with lasting consequences for both clergy and faithful.

«Cómo quitarles esas tierras en un día después de 200 años de posesión?». Enfiteusis, legislación y práctica en la Quebrada de Humahuaca (Argentina)

Quebrada de Humahuaca — 2012 — WHE2653E9E799

The application of the legal institution of emphyteusis in Jujuy, Argentina, during the desamortization process initiated in 1839, significantly altered land tenure structures in the Quebrada de Humahuaca. This study reveals that the state's efforts to transition from communal indigenous landholding to private property ownership through emphyteusis were fraught with complexities and inconsistencies over nearly a century. The research demonstrates how legislative changes, varying local implementations, and the interests of stakeholders shaped land access and agricultural structures until the 1920s. By analyzing legal texts, discourses on property rights, and historical records, the authors uncover the long-term implications of these policies, which sought to 'perfect' private property while navigating the realities of shared governance between the state and local communities.

1088 – William II and the Rebels

Canterbury Cathedral, St Augustine's Abbey, and St Martin's Church — 2012 — WHE3A34978131

Historical records reveal that Odo, Bishop of Bayeux and Earl of Kent, likely attended the installation of Abbot Wido at St Augustine's Abbey, Canterbury, and subsequently accompanied King William II (William Rufus) to London for Christmas celebrations in 1088. This inference stems from a lost diploma accessible to Henry of Huntingdon, who compiled the names of bishops present during William's reign. The study reconstructs this event using fragmented sources, including a late account by William Thorne suggesting a December 21 date for Odo's presence in Canterbury. Additionally, it highlights William's early reign marked by peace and popularity, though his northern journey to York is documented only through Stephen of Whitby's later account of St Mary's Abbey's founding. The research relies on cross-referencing chronicles and lost diplomatic records to piece together the political landscape of Norman England.

1400 years of extreme precipitation patterns over the Mediterranean French Alps and possible forcing mechanisms

The Causses and the Cévennes, Mediterranean agro-pastoral Cultural Landscape — 2012 — WHE469C14524E

A 1400-year record of extreme precipitation patterns over the Mediterranean French Alps reveals distinct phases of flood frequency, with low activity during the Medieval Warm Period and increased intensity during the Little Ice Age. The study, based on sediment analysis from Lake Allos, identifies ~160 graded layers as flood deposits, corroborated by historical records. These events are linked to intense meso-scale precipitation, with no evidence of changes in erosion processes since the MWP. High-frequency oscillations in flood frequency correlate with solar activity and autumnal North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) patterns. Additionally, flood events in Allos were out of phase with those in the Cévennes but in phase with eastern Spain, suggesting regional atmospheric circulation shifts over the northwestern Mediterranean.

3D Archaeology at Çatalhöyük

Neolithic Site of Çatalhöyük — 2012 — WHE64D14D423E

A groundbreaking approach to archaeological excavation at Çatalhöyük has demonstrated the transformative potential of 3D digital technologies. The project, initiated in 2010 and conducted collaboratively by Stanford University and UC Merced, introduced real-time 3D modeling of excavation layers using time-of-flight and optical laser scanners, along with computer vision techniques. This method enabled the creation of detailed micro-stratigraphic models during the excavation process itself, fostering a new era of 'digital hermeneutics' in archaeology. The resulting 3D models are accessible via an immersive teleimmersion system developed by UC Merced and UC Berkeley, offering unprecedented visualization capabilities for studying Neolithic layers with high precision.

3D Documentation of Global Historic Sites: The ‘Scottish Ten’ Project and Its Applications for Cultural Heritage

Heart of Neolithic Orkney — 2012 — WHE32C2CA0FFC

Advanced 3D documentation techniques, including terrestrial laser scanning and aerial LiDAR, are transforming the study of UNESCO World Heritage Sites. The 'Scottish Ten' project demonstrates their application at the Heart of Neolithic Orkney, revealing unprecedented details of Skara Brae and Maeshowe. By combining high-resolution photography, digital photogrammetry, and GPS, researchers generate precise survey records that enable deeper analysis, conservation monitoring, and visualization. Early findings highlight the potential for these methods to enhance cultural heritage management and interpretation, offering a scalable model for global historic sites.

48. Sympozjum Wykładowców Liturgiki na Wydziałach Teologicznych i w Wyższych Seminariach Duchownych (Kalwaria Zebrzydowska, 11–13 września 2012)

Kalwaria Zebrzydowska: the Mannerist Architectural and Park Landscape Complex and Pilgrimage Park — 2012 — WHE168C37FF54

The 48th Symposium of Liturgical Scholars, held at Kalwaria Zebrzydowska from September 11 to 13, 2012, focused on the reforms and renewal of liturgy following the Second Vatican Council. Organized by the Institute of Liturgical Studies at the Pontifical John Paul II University in Krakow, the event brought together over 70 liturgists, including prominent figures such as Archbishop Damian Zimoń, Bishop Stefan Cichy, and Bishop Adam Bałabuch, Chairman of the Commission for Liturgy and Sacramental Discipline of the Polish Episcopal Conference. The symposium aimed to discuss contemporary challenges and advancements in liturgical practice, providing a platform for academic exchange and reflection on post-conciliar liturgical reforms.

A 3-D genetic approach to high-resolution geological modelling of the volcanic infill of a paleovalley system. Application to the Volvic catchment (Chaîne des Puys, France)

Chaîne des Puys - Limagne fault tectonic arena — 2012 — WHEEAA912CEC4

A novel 3D geological model of the Volvic catchment, part of France's Chaîne des Puys - Limagne fault tectonic arena (a UNESCO World Heritage Site), reveals the complex volcanic infill of a paleovalley system. The study combines genetic and geometric approaches to reconstruct the morphology of both the crystalline bedrock and overlying lava flows, emitted between 75,000 and 10,000 years ago. Using data from 99 boreholes, geoelectric profiles, morphologic clues, and petrographic analysis, researchers achieved high-resolution reconstruction despite challenges like variable borehole density and limited geological descriptions. The model provides insights into the chronology of volcanic events, though precision is constrained by the homogeneity of lava flow compositions and data gaps.

A Bayesian Re-Assessment of the Earliest Radiocarbon Dates from Tiwanaku, Bolivia

Tiwanaku: Spiritual and Political Centre of the Tiwanaku Culture — 2012 — WHE86D97FD34E

A Bayesian re-assessment of radiocarbon dates from Tiwanaku, Bolivia, challenges the long-held belief that the spiritual and political center of the Tiwanaku culture was founded around 300 BC. Instead, the analysis suggests a much later foundation date, likely around AD 110 (with a range of 50-170). This significant shift is based on two independent Bayesian models applied to archaeological contexts that were previously considered unreliable. The findings have profound implications for understanding the rise of Tiwanaku and its role in the development of archaic states in the Lake Titicaca Basin, as well as for widely used monolith and ceramic sequences.

A blind H i survey in the Ursa Major region★

Jodrell Bank Observatory — 2012 — WHE778E1207E8

A groundbreaking blind Hi survey, conducted using the Lovell Telescope at Jodrell Bank Observatory, uncovered 166 previously uncatalogued gas-rich objects in the Ursa Major region. This first-of-its-kind survey covered 480 square degrees and a velocity range from 300 to 1900 km/s, identifying Hi masses ranging from 10^7 to 10^10.5 solar masses. Notably, 10 of these detections were new, with optical counterparts identified for 99% of the sources. The study also highlighted a rare Hi source without an optical counterpart, confirmed through follow-up observations using the Green Bank Telescope. This research sheds light on the distribution and properties of gas-rich objects in the nearby spiral-rich Ursa Major region, providing insights into galaxy interactions and tidal dynamics.

A camera trap assessment of terrestrial vertebrates in B windi I mpenetrable N ational P ark, U ganda

Bwindi Impenetrable National Park — 2012 — WHE459A11901F

Researchers using camera traps in Bwindi Impenetrable National Park, Uganda, found that distance to park edges and elevation significantly influence the distribution of terrestrial vertebrates. The study recorded 20 mammal species and four bird species over 1800 camera trap days, with the black-fronted duiker being the most frequently photographed. Notably, five species showed a preference for higher elevations, while one exhibited an edge-biased pattern. These findings suggest that selective habitat use may limit population sizes and viability, providing critical baseline data for long-term monitoring efforts in this UNESCO World Heritage Site.

A case for gender equity in governance of the Okavango Delta fisheries in Botswana

Okavango Delta — 2012 — WHEC34CB9BB43

A critical analysis of Okavango Delta fisheries governance reveals that past and current policies have entrenched gender disparities, marginalizing women fishers despite their intimate ecological knowledge. The study, based on interviews with 96 basket fishers across five villages, found that women's contributions to flood variability understanding, fish migration, and habitat management are excluded from zoning regulations and co-management structures. This exclusion perpetuates pre-existing gender inequalities in resource access, asset accumulation, and employment opportunities. Recommendations include innovative co-management approaches that recognize diverse interests to address these inequities.

A case study of the creative zone Scharloo and Pietermaai in Curaçao

Historic Area of Willemstad, Inner City and Harbour, Curaçao — 2012 — WHE45E9D1B9F6

A case study of the Scharloo and Pietermaai area in Curaçao's UNESCO-listed historic center reveals its potential to become a thriving creative zone, particularly for enhancing Curaçao's tourism product. The research identifies key factors that could drive this transformation, including the presence of cultural heritage attractions that already draw tour operators and visitors. However, it highlights the need for collaborative efforts among stakeholders—especially creative industries—to establish leadership, networking, and forums to sustain growth. Government support is crucial in creating favorable conditions, such as improved infrastructure. The study also emphasizes the importance of mutual assessment and sustained collaboration to ensure long-term success. This work contributes to a framework for analyzing and improving the creative economy of Caribbean Small Island Developing States.

A checklist of Mycobiota recorded in burnt and unburnt Pinus mugo plantations in the Curonian spit (Lithuania)

Curonian Spit — 2012 — WHE5E3891A88E

A total of 390 species of fungi and myxomycetes were recorded in burnt and unburnt Pinus mugo plantations on the Curonian Spit, Lithuania, with 43 species documented for the first time in the country. The study, conducted from 2007 to 2009 following a devastating crown-fire in May 2006, compared mycobiota composition and substrate occupancy between burnt and unburnt stands during spring and autumn seasons. The research highlights the impact of fire on fungal diversity and identifies rare or noteworthy species, contributing valuable data for understanding post-disturbance mycological recovery in this UNESCO World Heritage Site.

A City, Asleep: Revisiting and Reevaluation History and Interpretation at Mesa Verde National Park

Mesa Verde National Park — 2012 — WHEC57158B9EF

A comprehensive reevaluation of Mesa Verde National Park's interpretive history reveals that traditional preservation narratives often oversimplify complex cultural contexts, failing to acknowledge multi-layered historical perspectives. This study demonstrates how interpretation has remained static and cursory over 100 years, despite its potential to evolve. By analyzing topics such as nation-building, federal legislation, tourism promotion, and Native American relations—rarely addressed in park narratives—the research highlights the need for more inclusive and dynamic approaches to cultural preservation. The findings underscore the importance of critically revisiting interpretive practices to foster comprehensive understandings of UNESCO World Heritage Sites.

A comparative assessment of approaches and outcomes for seagrass revegetation in Shark Bay and Florida Bay

Shark Bay, Western Australia — 2012 — WHED6D64DF2CB

No single approach or technology guarantees cost-effective, scalable seagrass revegetation. A comparative study of projects targeting Posidonia australis and Amphibolis antarctica in Shark Bay (Western Australia) and Florida Bay found no consistent success factors despite evaluating anchoring techniques, plant density, and unit size. Short-term assessments (1–3 years), often driven by funding constraints, raise concerns about long-term ecological outcomes. Success depends on complex interactions among abiotic, biotic, and socioeconomic 'filters.' Future efforts must prioritize understanding these drivers, adopting proven methods, and implementing longer-term monitoring to ensure lasting ecological benefits.

A Copy of Augustus’ Res Gestae at Sardis

Sardis and the Lydian Tumuli of Bin Tepe — 2012 — WHE085C9189CA

A fragmentary Greek inscription from Sardis, identified as Sardis VII.1 no. 201, has been recognized as the first recorded copy of Augustus' Res Gestae outside the province of Galatia. This discovery, supported by unpublished correspondence between Sir William Ramsay and William Buckler, suggests that Buckler may have suspected this identification earlier. The Sardis fragment contains a Greek translation of the Latin original, which differs from the better-preserved Galatian copies, offering new insights into the transmission and adaptation of Augustus' monumental inscription across different regions.

A digital soil map of Phytophthora cinnamomi in the Gondwana Rainforests of eastern Australia

Gondwana Rainforests of Australia — 2012 — WHE9167D6B30A

A digital soil map of Phytophthora cinnamomi in the Gondwana Rainforests of eastern Australia reveals critical insights into the distribution and impact of this pathogenic fungus on one of Australia's most significant biodiversity hotspots. The study identifies key areas where P. cinnamomi, a major contributor to rainforest dieback, is present, providing crucial data for conservation efforts aimed at protecting these World Heritage-listed ecosystems. By integrating soil assessments with spatial mapping techniques, researchers have pinpointed high-risk zones where the fungus thrives, offering targeted strategies for mitigating its spread and preserving the unique biodiversity of the Gondwana Rainforests.

A Fifteenth-Century Plan of the Cathedral of Seville

Cathedral, Alcázar and Archivo de Indias in Seville — 2012 — WHE94D7153C8A

A recently discovered and unpublished fifteenth-century drawing of Seville Cathedral, known as the 'Bidaurreta drawing,' represents the oldest complete ground plan of a Gothic cathedral and the only intact plan depicting a fifteenth-century Gothic building in Castile. Dated to the third quarter of the fifteenth century, this modified copy of a 1433 plan provides unprecedented insights into the cathedral's construction campaign, which lasted until 1506 and resulted in its current dimensions: 126.18 meters in length, 82.6 meters in width, and 30.48 meters in height. The study reconstructs this building phase by analyzing original documentary sources—many previously undiscussed in English—and cross-referencing them with the drawing's evidence.

A Fragment of Colossians with Hiberno-Latin Glosses in St. Gall, Stiftsbibliothek, Cod. Sang. 1395

Abbey of St Gall — 2012 — WHEE4D145453D

A fragment of the Epistle of Colossians, housed in St. Gall's Stiftsbibliothek (Cod. Sang. 1395), reveals significant insights into ninth-century Hiberno-Latin biblical exegesis and scribal practices. The manuscript, written in Irish minuscule, contains marginal glosses that trace back to Pelagius' Expositiones xiii epistularum Pauli, offering a rare glimpse into the transmission of this work. Some glosses remain unidentified, suggesting potential originality to the fragment. Paleographic analysis further supports the fragment's early provenance at the Abbey of St. Gall, providing evidence for shifts in exegetical and scribal practices during this period.