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Publications

Showing 81 – 100 of 15962 publications

American Society of Mechanical Engineering Student Design Challenge, The Causes, Perpetuation, and Mending of the Relationship Between the University of Virginia and Charlottesville

Monticello and the University of Virginia in Charlottesville — 2026 — WHE2C7E656945

A study on Monticello and the University of Virginia in Charlottesville reveals that engineering projects, while designed to improve society, can inadvertently perpetuate social divisions. The research connects a technical project—a rover tasked with waste collection and sorting—to sociotechnical challenges between the university and the local community. Using Actor Network Theory, the study identifies physical, digital, and economic barriers that have strained this relationship since the university's founding. It also highlights the 2030 Plan as an ongoing effort to address these divisions. The technical project, constrained by the ASME competition, demonstrated the complexity of designing small-scale autonomous systems while emphasizing the need for responsible engineering choices that consider unintended social consequences.

An Aayaadi-Based Metrological Analysis of the Mohenjo-daro Bronze Figurine

Archaeological Ruins at Moenjodaro — 2026 — WHEE3C827CEAB

A metrological analysis of the Mohenjo-daro 'Dancing Girl' figurine reveals potential correlations between its dimensions and the traditional Indian Aayaadi measurement system, suggesting a possible link to the nakshatra Shatataraka. This study marks the first systematic examination of the sculpture's measurements using Aayaadi principles, proposing that further interdisciplinary research is needed to validate this hypothesis. The approach combines metrological analysis with iconographic features, offering new avenues for understanding the cultural and astronomical significance of one of the Indus Valley Civilization's most iconic artifacts.

An Analysis of Personal Name Structures of the Goryeo Dynasty in the Thirteenth Century -Focusing on Woodblock Personal Names in the Tripitaka Koreana-

Haeinsa Temple Janggyeong Panjeon, the Depositories for the Tripitaka Koreana Woodblocks — 2026 — WHE7161F25E0B

This study reveals that personal names from the 13th-century Goryeo Dynasty, analyzed using woodblock inscriptions from the Tripitaka Koreana, follow four distinct structural patterns: fully sinicized names (both surname and given name), partially sinicized names (surname only), Buddhist dharma names, and native Korean names. The research identifies 42 surnames, including 'Gang' (姜) and 'Gong' (權), while noting that fully sinicized names with both surname and given name represent a minority (around 13%) of the analyzed sample. The study also highlights the challenges in distinguishing between dharma names and native Korean names due to overlapping structures. By systematically excluding later annotations, reconstructing truncated names, and removing phonetic marks, the analysis provides a nuanced understanding of naming conventions during this period, reflecting both sinicization trends and the unique practices of Buddhist monks.

An Archaeological Study of an Underwater Cannon Site in the Sea Fortress Suomenlinna, the Baltic Sea

Fortress of Suomenlinna — 2026 — WHED7E7B41DC9

An archaeological analysis of an underwater cannon site at the sea fortress Suomenlinna reveals that the studied cannon likely originated from a coastal defense system, rather than a Swedish warship located nearby. The research focused on one barrel and carriage, employing material culture studies to determine its original context. By examining the cannon's characteristics and comparing them with known ship-based artifacts, the study sheds light on the reuse of cannons in Suomenlinna's history, particularly around its church. This finding contributes to understanding the fortress's strategic significance during the Swedish era (c. 1450–1850) and the broader material culture of naval defense in the Baltic Sea.

An assessment of tourists' demographic profiles' influence on determining the purpose of visiting a destination, with special reference to Mysore and Hampi in Karnataka

Group of Monuments at Hampi — 2026 — WHEA722A8C939

Tourists' demographic profiles significantly influence their purpose for visiting heritage destinations, with leisure and recreation being the predominant motive among those who have visited both Mysore and Hampi. The study identified that nationality, gender, age, marital status, and income play critical roles in shaping travel decisions. Using a judgmental sampling method, researchers analyzed responses from 150 tourists to assess how these demographic factors correlate with travel purposes such as leisure, business, or education. Statistical analyses, including Crosstabulation and Chi-Square tests, revealed strong relationships between demographics and destination preferences. The findings also highlight the importance of targeted promotional strategies to attract more visitors to these UNESCO World Heritage Sites.

An Examination of the Visual and Geometric Features of Kufic Banna’i Script in the Inscriptions of the Abbasi Jameh Mosque of Isfahan During the Safavid Era

Masjed-e Jāmé of Isfahan — 2026 — WHED1CD5EBFBF

Kufic Banna’i script in the inscriptions of Isfahan’s Abbasi Jameh Mosque during the Safavid era served as both a decorative and functional element, breaking traditional script rules to enhance artistic expression. This study reveals its dual role in conveying religious and non-religious texts while contributing significantly to the monument's aesthetic value. Researchers analyzed visual and geometric features through descriptive-analytical methods, including library studies and field investigations, focusing on Safavid-era inscriptions. The findings highlight the script’s evolution, tracing its origins to pre-Islamic times and its enduring influence across Islamic art. This research underscores the Safavid period’s artistic prominence by examining how deviations from conventional Banna’i structures enriched the mosque’s inscriptions.

An in utero foetus of the Middle Triassic ichthyosaur Besanosaurus leptorhynchus from Monte San Giorgio, Italy

Monte San Giorgio — 2026 — WHE8B89113334

A detailed analysis of a Middle Triassic ichthyosaur fetus from the Besano Formation at Monte San Giorgio, Italy, confirms its prenatal stage and challenges recent interpretations that it might be stomach contents. The fetus, belonging to Besanosaurus leptorhynchus, exhibits features such as tail-first orientation—common in derived ichthyosaurs—and palatine teeth, a rare trait among ichthyosaurs. This discovery provides new insights into the reproductive biology and developmental stages of early-diverging merriamosaurian ichthyosaurs, supporting the original interpretation of the specimen's origin.

An Integration Framework for Heritage Maintenance coupling HBIM towards Cognitive Digital Twin (CDT): concept and ongoing implementation at Villa d'Este, Tivoli

Villa d'Este, Tivoli — 2026 — WHEBC97AB6CBE

A novel integration framework for heritage maintenance, coupling Heritage Building Information Modelling (HBIM) with Internet of Things (IoT) monitoring and evolving toward a Cognitive Digital Twin (CDT), demonstrates operational feasibility in complex environments like the Grotta di Diana at Villa d'Este. This approach reconciles quantitative performance objectives with occupant needs and conservation constraints through a four-phase early-stage workflow. While predictive components remain under development, the study highlights the potential of non-invasive IoT sensor networks to support informed decision-making in heritage refurbishment, bridging technological integration gaps in the AECO sector.

An integrative hazard-ecology-perception framework for cultural landscape planning

Mountain Resort and its Outlying Temples, Chengde — 2026 — WHED098FEBAE5

A novel framework, Hazard-Ecology-Perception Landscape Planning (HEPLP), has been developed to address the growing vulnerability of cultural landscapes to climate change and urbanization. This integrative approach combines geographical hazards, ecological sensitivity, and heritage value perceptions—both expert and public—to guide sustainable conservation strategies. Applied to Chengde Mountain Resort, HEPLP identified nine distinct landscape clusters through GIS-based hazard and ecology mapping alongside large language model analysis of heritage perception. The framework reveals critical trade-offs between ecological sensitivity and heritage value, offering spatially explicit guidance for balancing conservation priorities. Unlike previous models that focus on single or dual dimensions, HEPLP provides a holistic tool for navigating environmental and social challenges in cultural landscape management.

An inventory of landslide events at the Møns Klint UNESCO World Heritage site, Denmark

Møns Klint — 2026 — WHEFAC8268FF1

Landslide events at Møns Klint, Denmark, are relatively evenly distributed along the cliff and occur year-round but cluster in winter and spring. This finding emerges from a meticulously compiled inventory of 63 landslide events spanning 1801 to 2024, which combines Danish Nature Agency records with additional sources and georeferenced data. The study provides a baseline for operational monitoring and hazard communication while also highlighting limitations such as locality name uncertainty, variable temporal precision, and reporting bias. It supports further research on event frequency, spatial distribution, and potential drivers like coastal erosion and freeze–thaw processes. The dataset serves as a template for developing a national landslide-event inventory for Denmark.

An Investigative Assessment of Recurrent Compositional Characteristics Within Leonardo da Vinci's The Last Supper

Church and Dominican Convent of Santa Maria delle Grazie with “The Last Supper” by Leonardo da Vinci — 2026 — WHE348FE6F07D

A two-decade investigation of Leonardo da Vinci’s The Last Supper reveals recurring anthropomorphic and compositional characteristics behind Christ, observed through advanced imaging techniques. The study employed non-invasive methods—including high-resolution photography, tonal-density mapping, and AI-assisted analysis—to document these features without advancing a predetermined conclusion. While the exact explanation remains unresolved, potential causes include deterioration, restoration history, or underlying compositional layers. This work serves as a historical record for future conservation and multidisciplinary research, offering new insights into Renaissance art and mural preservation.

An Open-Source Pipeline for Runtime-Optimized Heritage Photogrammetry in Game Engines

Rideau Canal — 2026 — WHE4A46B8325B

A groundbreaking open-source pipeline, Mesh2Tile, significantly advances the processing of photogrammetric meshes for interactive 3D visualization in game engines. It achieves up to a 62% reduction in file size for larger models while maintaining performance comparable to commercial solutions like Cesium Ion, enabling real-time streaming at 120 FPS in Unreal Engine 5. Unlike existing tools, Mesh2Tile employs adaptive octree tiling based on triangle density and per-tile texture baking, eliminating redundancy and offering precise control over level-of-detail (LOD) generation. Validated through a case study of the Bytown Museum Commissariat Buildingthis pipeline addresses cost barriers and data sovereignty concerns, empowering institutions to manage sensitive heritage data efficiently while ensuring high-performance visualization.

Análise citogenética de Callimedusa tomopterna (Cope, 1868) (Anura, Phyllomedusinae) em diferentes biorregiões da Amazônia Central

Central Amazon Conservation Complex — 2026 — WHED7F890B0B5

A cytogenetic analysis of the leaf frog Callimedusa tomopterna across Central Amazon bioregions reveals distinct chromosomal structuring patterns influenced by major rivers, suggesting cryptic diversity within the species. The study found a conserved karyotype (2n=26) but identified significant north-south differences in nucleolar organizer region (NOR) location on chromosome pair 7, supported by molecular techniques like FISH and fluorochrome staining. These patterns imply structural rearrangements, such as pericentric inversions, potentially driven by geographic barriers like the Amazon River. The findings hint that C. tomopterna may represent a species complex, with implications for evolutionary and taxonomic studies in the region.

Análisis cartográfico de los mapas de Francisco Gali para las Relaciones Geográficas del siglo XVI: Tlacotalpan y Coatzacoalcos (1580)

Historic Monuments Zone of Tlacotalpan — 2026 — WHE2E2A1D83E3

Two exceptionally precise maps from the 16th-century Relaciones Geográficas—those of Tlacotalpan and Coatzacoalcos (1580) by Francisco Gali—stand out for their meticulous metric-cosmographic techniques, offering rare examples of early scientific cartography in Hispanoamérica. Unlike typical colonial maps lacking rigor, Gali’s works, recognized for their accuracy comparable to European standards, were analyzed using modern cartographic tools and current geography. Findings reveal Tlacotalpan’s map has a planimetric precision error range of 1.3% to 25.8%, while Coatzacoalcos’s features dual scales (1:428,700 coastal and 1:181,200 fluvial), reflecting adaptive methodologies shaped by terrain and commissioning circumstances. This analysis underscores Gali’s mastery in blending navigation techniques with geographical documentation, providing invaluable insights into 16th-century cartographic practices.

Analyse par Télédétection de la dynamique des formations végétales 2002-2022 dans le Sud du Parc national de la Comoé (Nord-Est de la Côte d’Ivoire)

Comoé National Park — 2026 — WHE0FA830F89E

A study analyzing vegetation dynamics in the southern part of Comoé National Park, Côte d’Ivoire, using LANDSAT satellite imagery from 2002 to 2022, reveals two contrasting phases: a period of decline (2002–2012) marked by a 51% reduction in dense forests and accelerated savannization, followed by notable recovery post-2012 with wooded savannas expanding by 29%. Despite resilience, habitat fragmentation and persistent anthropogenic pressures persist, necessitating integrated management strategies such as ecological corridor restoration to ensure long-term biodiversity conservation. The research validates these findings using a robust methodology (Kappa > 0.77) and highlights the interplay of natural and human factors in shaping the park's landscape.

Analyses on the chestnut (Castanea sativa Mill.) plant distributed in the Sheki-Zaqatala region

Historic Centre of Sheki with the Khan’s Palace — 2026 — WHE27E4C8AC6D

A severe decline in European chestnut (Castanea sativa Mill.) stands across the Sheki-Zaqatala region of Azerbaijan, driven by chestnut blight (Cryphonectria parasitica) and root/collar rot (Phytophthora spp.), has resulted in 65% mortality and 30% progressive dieback of surviving trees. The study, covering 71 villages at altitudes of 600–1,600 m, found that older trees (50–100 years) were most vulnerable, leading to a 60–70% drop in regional chestnut yield since the 1990s. While C. parasitica was prevalent, Phytophthora was also identified as a significant contributor, particularly in southern villages. The research highlights the need for a combined phytopathological approach to restore these culturally and economically vital stands.

Analysis of 3D surveying and documentation modelling techniques of archaeological sites. Case study: Anjar citadel, Lebanon

Anjar — 2026 — WHEF22EB101E8

A comparative analysis of 3D surveying techniques reveals that both terrestrial laser scanning and drone-based photogrammetry are highly effective for documenting archaeological sites, with integrated datasets offering the most precise results. The study, conducted at Anjar citadel in Lebanon, demonstrates that these technologies can significantly enhance archaeological investigations by providing detailed 3D maps, façades, and sections that aid in understanding construction techniques and phases. Accuracy assessments, using high-precision reference measurements, show minimal discrepancies, underscoring the reliability of these methods under specific environmental conditions. The findings provide practical guidance for integrating 3D surveying tools into archaeological research and site conservation efforts.

Analysis of the Constructive Solution of the Dome of the "Kok Gumbaz" Mosque Memorial Monument Located in Shahrisabz

Historic Centre of Shakhrisyabz — 2026 — WHED3C0868FE4

A groundbreaking analysis of the Kok Gumbaz Mosque's dome in Shakhrisyabz reveals sophisticated architectural innovations that integrate structural stability with climatic adaptation. The study identifies key relationships between the dome’s geometry, load-bearing systems, and transitional elements—particularly the squinch-like transitions—that enhance durability while minimizing material use. Findings underscore the mosque’s advanced engineering, offering critical insights for both historic preservation and modern design. By examining wall thickness and material integration, researchers demonstrate how 15th-century techniques remain relevant today.

Analysis of the Impact of River Erosion in the Saloum Delta: The Case of the Mar Islands (Fatick, Senegal)

Saloum Delta — 2026 — WHEF9B5D77990

A study of the Saloum Delta reveals significant coastal erosion and groundwater salinization risks, particularly around the Mar Islands. Research shows that shoreline retreat rates reach up to -0.96 meters per year on the concave banks, driven by hydrodynamic energy concentration and sediment supply deficits. Conversely, convex banks experience low-energy sedimentation. While deep Paleocene and Maastrichtian aquifers provide primary water sources, they face high mineralization and fluoride levels exceeding drinking standards. The findings highlight the vulnerability of the delta's estuarine systems to both natural and human-induced pressures, emphasizing the need for integrated management of water and coastal resources.

Analytical Characterization of the Geomaterials Used in the Construction of the Late Antique Wall in Emerita Augusta (Mérida, Spain)

Archaeological Ensemble of Mérida — 2026 — WHE468432B945

A comprehensive analysis of the geomaterials used in the Late Antique wall of Emerita Augusta (Mérida, Spain) reveals traditional Roman construction techniques and material provenance. The study identified granite types and confirmed the use of fully carbonated lime as a binding agent in mortars, consistent with historical practices. Using advanced techniques such as XRD, XRF, ICP-MS, TGA-DTA, and SEM, researchers characterized mineralogical, textural, and geochemical properties, providing critical insights for the preservation and restoration of this UNESCO-listed heritage site. These findings enhance understanding of late antiquity construction methods and support evidence-based conservation strategies.