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Publications

Showing 12661 – 12680 of 15962 publications

LIFE ON THE EDGE: The Archeologist, the Oil Rig, and the Newfoundlander

L’Anse aux Meadows National Historic Site — 2020 — WHE595DEAA704

By 2101, L'Anse aux Meadows—a UNESCO-listed Viking archaeological site in Newfoundland—faces a transformed landscape where decommissioned offshore oil rigs, once symbols of resource extraction, now serve as monumental scrapyards and material salvage hubs. This speculative design project reimagines heritage in an era of climate-driven change, exploring how salvaged components can reshape terrain, community, and cultural identity while grappling with the complex legacies of extraction. Through critical drawings and maps, the research interrogates monumentality, counter-monumentality, and the future of heritage on the edge of environmental and historical upheaval.

Lifestyle, profit, and the selling of home to tourists in Lijiang, China

Old Town of Lijiang — 2020 — WHEA6A532159D

Research on Lijiang Old Town, China, reveals that the commodification of home as a lifestyle experience drives both profit and tourism development. The study finds that guesthouse owners strategically blend personal lifestyles with tourist expectations to create meaningful hospitality spaces, transforming them into zones of sentimental care while sustaining capital accumulation. This synergy between profit and lifestyle redefines tourism consumption by integrating home-related elements, turning the sense of 'home' into a marketable commodity. The approach combines qualitative analysis of entrepreneurial strategies with an examination of how these practices shape Lijiang's tourism economy.

Light, Canterbury and the Cult of St Thomas

Canterbury Cathedral, St Augustine's Abbey, and St Martin's Church — 2020 — WHEF0C90FD07D

Artificial light, particularly candlelight, played a pivotal role in the cult of St. Thomas of Canterbury, with its most spectacular displays reserved for his December Passion feast. A 1428 document, the Customary of the Shrine of St. Thomas, reveals that natural and artificial light were meticulously managed to enhance the symbolic significance of Thomas’s tomb and shrine within Canterbury Cathedral's east end. This study sheds light on how light was strategically used in liturgical practices and the cult's imagery, providing insights into medieval religious symbolism and architectural design.

Lighting Design in Two Mosque Typologies in the City of Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

Historic Jeddah, the Gate to Makkah — 2020 — WHE8E622CB918

Lighting design in mosques significantly influences the psychological, physiological, and behavioral responses of visitors, with both daylighting and artificial lighting playing critical roles. A study analyzing two mosque typologies—Al-Shafi'i Mosque (historic) and Al-Farsi Mosque (contemporary)—in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, revealed that their interior lighting strategies reflect distinct cultural and climatic adaptations while maintaining alignment with the Qibla direction. The research highlights how these design techniques enhance the spiritual experience and identity of mosques, offering insights into the interplay between architecture, light, and human perception in sacred spaces.

Limite et distance au Koutammakou

Koutammakou, the Land of the Batammariba — 2020 — WHEB112988A3D

A recent analysis highlights how the traditional practices of the Batammariba people in Koutammakou exemplify effective social distancing long before it became a global necessity. These practices, rooted in ancestral customs, demonstrate humanity's vulnerability and the importance of maintaining spatial boundaries to mitigate risks, offering valuable insights for contemporary public health measures. The study draws on ethnographic observations and cultural records to illustrate how the Batammariba's approach to distance—whether in social interactions or architectural designs—can serve as a model for understanding and implementing sustainable distancing strategies.

Limits on absorption from a 332-MHz survey for fast radio bursts

Jodrell Bank Observatory — 2020 — WHE60695B0124

A 58-day survey at Jodrell Bank Observatory using the Lovell Telescope at 332 MHz detected no fast radio bursts (FRBs), setting a 90% upper limit of 5,500 FRBs per day across the sky above a fluence threshold of 46 Jy ms. The study suggests that absorption, likely from a combination of Induced Compton Scattering and Free-Free Absorption, may explain the lack of detections at low frequencies (<800 MHz). Simulations indicate that these mechanisms could account for the non-detections, with electron density constraints aligning with expectations in superluminous supernovae environments. This research provides new insights into FRB absorption models and their potential progenitors.

Linguistic landscape

Old City of Jerusalem and its Walls — 2020 — WHE44F6F028E7

A comprehensive analysis of the linguistic landscape in Jerusalem's Old City reveals that public signage, while providing insights into literacy and sociolinguistic dynamics, often lacks detailed authorship information. The study highlights a gap in theoretical frameworks for interpreting signs, suggesting that semiotics could offer a robust approach. Researchers collected extensive photographic data using digital cameras and cell phones, documenting signs encountered by francophone high school students. This work underscores the need to integrate both written and spoken language in the study of linguistic landscapes, bridging historical and contemporary perspectives.

Linking seascape with landscape genetics: Oceanic currents favour colonization across the Galápagos Islands by a coastal plant

Galápagos Islands — 2020 — WHEDB2C1837C6

Oceanic currents play a significant role in facilitating gene flow and population connectivity among distant populations of the coastal plant Cryptocarpus pyriformis in the Galápagos Islands. This study reveals that sea-driven seed dispersal, rather than inland movement, is the primary mechanism connecting populations across islands, as supported by genetic analysis using 1806 SNPs. The research employed landscape and seascape genetics approaches to test four hypotheses regarding dispersal patterns, confirming that isolation by sea resistance best explains inter-island gene flow. These findings highlight the importance of integrating marine and terrestrial ecological frameworks to understand the distribution and connectivity of thalassochorous species.

Links between size fractionation, chemical speciation of dissolved copper and chemical speciation of dissolved organic matter in the Loire estuary

The Loire Valley between Sully-sur-Loire and Chalonnes — 2020 — WHE455CF935ED

In the Loire estuary, dissolved copper concentrations exhibit non-conservative behavior, with significant fluctuations linked to colloidal dynamics and organic matter interactions. Upstream of the tidal front (salinity S = 0.1), copper levels reach 80 nmol kg−1, likely due to agricultural runoff from vineyards, before dropping sharply at early mixing stages (S ~ 0.5) and rising again in low-salinity zones (S = 4.7). The study reveals that while humic substances dominate the complexing capacity of copper ligands (LCu), accounting for up to 95% in continental shelf samples, additional ligand classes—such as thiol-like and proteinaceous components—emerge in the inner estuary, potentially sourced from wastewater treatment plants. These findings highlight the critical role of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in mitigating copper toxicity by keeping cupric ion activity below harmful levels for phytoplankton, while also identifying anthropogenic inputs that alter copper speciation dynamics.

Liquefaction Analysis Based on Liquefaction Potential Index Method in Prambanan Temple Complex of Jogjakarta

Prambanan Temple Compounds — 2020 — WHE3A3E5DC5B9

A high potential for soil liquefaction was identified at depths of 4.5 meters and above during earthquakes, particularly under certain groundwater levels (GWL) at the Prambanan Temple Complex in Jogjakarta, Indonesia. This finding is critical due to the region's significant seismic activity and sandy soil composition, which is prone to liquefaction when subjected to ground shaking. The study utilized the Liquefaction Potential Index (LPI) method, incorporating earthquake data from 2004 to 2019 and Standard Penetration Test (SPT) results. Peak Ground Acceleration (PGA) was calculated using multiple methods, with the highest value of 0.102 recorded on May 26, 2006. The analysis revealed that liquefaction risk increases with rising groundwater levels, emphasizing the need for mitigation strategies to protect this UNESCO World Heritage Site.

List of Threatened Fauna in Mt. Hamiguitan Range Wildlife Sanctuary, Davao Oriental, Mindanao Island, Philippines

Mount Hamiguitan Range Wildlife Sanctuary — 2020 — WHEA2A1BFA1CE

Mount Hamiguitan Range Wildlife Sanctuary (MHRWS) is recognized as a critical biodiversity hotspot, hosting 600 species of fauna, including numerous endemic and threatened species. Of these, 35 species across five classes are classified as threatened by the IUCN, with notable mentions being the Critically Endangered Philippine Eagle (Pithecophaga jefferyi) and Black Cockatoo (Cacatua haematuropygia), alongside Endangered species such as the Javan Myna (Gorsachius goisagi) and Panini’s Hornbill (Penelopides panini). Class Aves leads with 14 threatened species, followed by Insecta with 11. The study underscores the urgent need for targeted conservation efforts to protect these vulnerable populations, emphasizing high-priority research and stakeholder collaboration to safeguard MHRWS's unique biodiversity.

Literary Contributions by Paddy Bushe, Bernard O'Donoghue and Suso de Toro

Sceilg Mhichíl — 2020 — WHE1BB75E76EF

This publication highlights the literary contributions of three notable writers—Paddy Bushe, Bernard O'Donoghue, and Suso de Toro—to the cultural significance of Skellig Michael. Paddy Bushe's work, spanning both Irish and English, includes anthologies like 'Voices at the World’s Edge: Irish Poets on Skellig Michael,' which captures the site's poetic essence. Bernard O'Donoghue, recognized for his scholarly expertise in medieval verse and contemporary Irish literature, has contributed critically acclaimed works such as 'Farmers Cross' and translations of medieval texts. Suso de Toro, a Spanish writer, has also left a mark with his novels and plays, some of which are slated for film adaptations. Their collective contributions underscore the intersection of literature and heritage, enriching the understanding and appreciation of Skellig Michael's cultural landscape.

Lithofacies from the 1963-1967 Surtsey eruption in SUSTAIN drill cores SE-2a, SE-2b and SE-03

Surtsey — 2020 — WHE3AB06029FE

A comprehensive analysis of drill cores from Surtsey, collected during the 2017 SUSTAIN project, reveals significant insights into the volcanic activity that shaped the island between 1963 and 1967. The study identified armoured lapilli tuff and lapilli tuff, primarily formed by explosive eruptions at Surtur, with notable intervals of coherent basalt likely representing intrusions that fed later lava flows. These findings challenge previous understandings, as the 2017 drill cores did not intersect a thick basalt interval found in earlier drilling, suggesting complex volcanic processes. The research also highlights extensive hydrothermal alteration and cement deposition, indicating the dynamic interaction between volcanic materials and seawater. Additionally, the angled drill hole SE-03 provided evidence that Surtur's eruptions excavated the pre-eruption sea floor to depths of several tens of meters.

Lithostratigraphic classification of the Tsodilo Hills Group: a Palaeo- to Mesoproterozoic metasedimentary succession in NW Botswana

Tsodilo — 2020 — WHE12BF3A9C91

Research at Tsodilo Hills, a UNESCO World Heritage Site in NW Botswana, reveals a Palaeo- to Mesoproterozoic metasedimentary succession characterized by three dominant micaceous quartzite units interlayered with other rock types. The study identifies distinct facies gradients indicating palaeotransport direction from south to north, with well-rounded pebbles suggesting redeposition from beach environments. Lenticular conglomeratic bodies and erosional lower boundaries reflect local incisions in sandy bottom sediments, while laterally discontinuous lithological units hint at shelf palaeotopography influenced by large bed forms like megaripple marks or submarine dunes. Two regressive events are also identified: an older one associated with tidal mudflat-related red-bed facies and a younger one marked by tabular conglomerate, indicating increased input of coarse terrigenous material.

Livelihood strategies of farmer households in the face of changing weather patterns: a case study from Sangiran Region

Sangiran Early Man Site — 2020 — WHE395CCE4F9B

Climate change is significantly impacting agricultural production and livelihoods in the Sangiran region of Java, Indonesia. A study reveals that farmers are experiencing losses of 5-20% due to changing weather patterns, with long-term effects including abandonment of dryland farming. Farmers employ various coping strategies, such as selling assets or property, taking loans, reducing daily consumption, and changing jobs. To mitigate asset loss, some seek loans from financial institutions or take on additional work. The research used a mixed-methods approach (descriptive quantitative and qualitative) with multi-stage random sampling in the Sangiran region to assess these livelihood strategies.

Living Horizontally: the Origin of the Tenement in Paris and Edinburgh

Old and New Towns of Edinburgh — 2020 — WHEE6A417BF81

Purpose-built flats emerged in Paris by the mid-18th century, mirroring a similar trend in Edinburgh's New Town around the same period. This shift from subdivided structures to horizontally organized living spaces marked a significant evolution in urban housing, with both cities independently adopting this model during the early modern era. The study traces the origins and development of tenement architecture, leveraging diverse historical sources to pinpoint when and why these purpose-built flats first appeared in Paris and Scottish burghs.

Living Smallholder Vulnerability: The Everyday Experience of Climate Change in Calakmul, Mexico

Ancient Maya City and Protected Tropical Forests of Calakmul, Campeche — 2020 — WHE73E31FD7F3

Smallholder farming communities in Calakmul, Mexico, experience climate change vulnerability distinctly based on individual circumstances, challenging the assumption of homogeneity in policy discussions. Residents report varied coping strategies, often requiring cash inputs, but note that climate change also restricts traditional income sources like agricultural wage labor. This study, based on 98 interviews conducted between 2013 and 2016, reveals how community status, resource access, and livelihood variations shape perceived vulnerabilities, highlighting the nuanced impacts of climate change on daily lives.

Living with heritage: the case of Tsodilo World Heritage Site and neighbouring localities

Tsodilo — 2020 — WHE36A366C851

Tsodilo Hills, recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage Site for their spiritual significance and cultural heritage, serve as a focal point for understanding the interplay between local communities and heritage conservation. This study highlights the deep spiritual connections residents maintain with Tsodilo, emphasizing its role in shaping livelihoods, traditions, and social structures in neighboring localities. Through qualitative research methods, including interviews and ethnographic observations, the author Stella Basinyi explores how communities perceive and engage with their heritage, revealing the complexities of balancing conservation efforts with local needs and practices. The findings underscore the importance of integrating community perspectives into heritage management strategies to ensure sustainable and culturally sensitive preservation.

Living with Uncertainty

Ancient Ksour of Ouadane, Chinguetti, Tichitt and Oualata — 2020 — WHE9FCCABFA3A

Historical migration patterns across the Sahara, particularly through UNESCO World Heritage Sites such as Ouadane and Chinguetti, reveal enduring mobility trends from the Sahel to North Africa. Analysis of trade routes—including the Ghadames, Garamantean, and Oualata roads—shows sustained movement of people and goods since 1500 BCE, peaking between the 8th and 17th centuries CE with commodities like salt, gold, and slaves. Contemporary migration flows remain active, with migrants from countries including Mali, Niger, and Chad moving to Libya and Tunisia, often engaging in circular migration. This continuity underscores the resilience of trans-Saharan mobility despite geopolitical changes.

Local Knowledge and Perspectives of Change in Homegardens: A Photovoice Study in Kandy District, Sri Lanka

Sacred City of Kandy — 2020 — WHEA8966AC57C

A photovoice study in Kandy District, Sri Lanka, reveals that local farmers' perspectives on socio-ecological change in homegardens are critical for sustainable conservation. The research highlights key challenges such as wildlife conflict, crop damage, land scarcity, and a decline in agricultural interest among younger generations. Photovoice emerged as an effective method to capture rich, participant-driven narratives that provide deep insights into the human-ecological relationship within these traditional agroforestry systems. These findings underscore the importance of integrating local knowledge and community engagement for understanding and addressing socio-ecological changes in homegardens.