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Showing 15901 – 15920 of 15944 publications

Qualitative modelling of invasive species eradication on subantarctic Macquarie Island

Macquarie Island — 2010 — WHE4BB8F8E385

Simultaneous eradication of rabbits, rats, and mice from Macquarie Island is strongly supported by qualitative modelling due to the high likelihood of continued ecological impacts if only one or two species are targeted. The study predicts positive outcomes for native tall tussock vegetation and burrow- and surface-nesting seabirds but also highlights risks, such as potential failure in eradicating mice and unintended consequences from redpolls and starlings. This approach demonstrates that qualitative modelling can provide consistent insights even with significant ecosystem uncertainty, aiding strategic conservation planning.

Quantifying Bufo boreas connectivity in Yellowstone National Park with landscape genetics

Yellowstone National Park — 2010 — WHEAA47E61FFA

A novel application of Random Forests to landscape genetic data reveals that habitat permeability, topographic morphology, and temperature–moisture regimes significantly influence the connectivity of Bufo boreas (the Yellowstone toad) in Yellowstone National Park. The study found that growing-season precipitation, fire history (specifically the 1988 Yellowstone fires), cover, temperature, impervious surfaces like roads, and topographic complexity explain 56% of the variation in connectivity. Notably, habitat permeability operates on fine scales, while topographic and climatic factors affect connectivity across multiple scales, emphasizing the need for cross-scale analysis. Hierarchical analysis further showed that within-genetic clusters (identified using Structure), dispersal cover, precipitation, and impervious surfaces explained more variation (74%) than between clusters (45%), highlighting the importance of fine-scale ecological processes in shaping population structure.

Rainfall, fog and throughfall dynamics in a subtropical ridge top cloud forest, National Park of Garajonay (La Gomera, Canary Islands, Spain)

Garajonay National Park — 2010 — WHEBFCFA79876

In subtropical ridge-top cloud forests of La Gomera, Canary Islands, fog interception significantly enhances water inputs, contributing up to 6% of wind-corrected fog water as throughfall (TF), while rainfall-only events yield 87% TF. The study reveals that fog screens capture fog water more efficiently than forest canopies, and prior canopy wetting by rain increases TF during mixed precipitation events. Researchers corrected measurements for wind-induced losses and topographic effects, addressing gaps in previous studies. This highlights the critical role of fog in water balance in dry-season environments (5 months) with low annual rainfall (600–700 mm).

Reconstruction of the New Station Square in Berne, Switzerland

Old City of Berne — 2010 — WHE332909C459

The reconstruction of the New Station Square in Bern, Switzerland, not only addressed structural safety and durability concerns but also transformed the area into an appealing entrance adjacent to the UNESCO World Heritage-listed Old City. The 2007 project, covering 40,000 m², included dismantling parts of concrete slabs and columns while adding new elements and strengthening existing ones. A key innovation was the use of post-installed inclined bonded bars to reinforce the ceiling against punching shear, a method that enhanced structural integrity. Additionally, the reconstruction optimized local transportation stops, an underground shopping center, and pedestrian flow, creating a more functional and aesthetically pleasing urban space.

Relationship between soil moisture and vegetation in the Kairouan plain region of Tunisia using low spatial resolution satellite data

Kairouan — 2010 — WHE23468F9A21

A strong correlation exists between soil moisture and vegetation dynamics in the Kairouan plain, Tunisia. Researchers developed a semiempirical model using low-resolution satellite data (1991–2006) to predict normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) values based on soil moisture profiles from prior months during the rainy season (October–May). Validated against rainfall events and Global Soil Wetness Project data, this approach offers a simple yet effective tool for modeling vegetation in semiarid regions. The study highlights how satellite-derived moisture data can serve as a reliable indicator of vegetation development, advancing our understanding of water-vegetation interactions in arid ecosystems.

Resource Partitioning in Three Sympatric Species of Storks in Keoladeo National Park, India

Keoladeo National Park — 2010 — WHE360924E679

A study on resource partitioning among three sympatric stork species—Black-necked Stork, Painted Stork, and Asian Openbill—in Keoladeo National Park, India, revealed that their feeding success is significantly influenced by water depth and habitat use. The Black-necked Stork, a solitary generalist forager, relies on tactile and visual methods with a diet rich in fish, while the Painted Stork and Asian Openbill forage in groups, specializing in fish and snails (Pila spp.), respectively. Differences in prey composition were attributed to variations in feeding behavior and water levels at foraging sites. The study found that peck rate, steps, and success rate varied significantly among the species, with water level playing a crucial role in feeding success. These findings highlight the importance of fine-scale habitat management for the conservation of stork species.

Review: Impossible Engineering: Technology and Territoriality on the Canal du Midi

Canal du Midi — 2010 — WHE2F99DC6417

Chandra Mukerji's 'Impossible Engineering: Technology and Territoriality on the Canal du Midi' reveals how 17th-century France's ambitious canal project, the Canal du Midi, exemplifies the intersection of technological innovation and socio-political transformation. The study demonstrates that this engineering marvel was not merely a feat of technical prowess but also a tool for consolidating territorial control and fostering economic development in southern France. Mukerji employs a multidisciplinary approach, integrating historical analysis with sociological insights to explore how the canal's construction challenged traditional notions of space, labor, and governance. By examining the project's social and cultural impacts alongside its technical achievements, the book offers a nuanced understanding of how large-scale infrastructure projects shape societies. This work is a significant contribution to the study of UNESCO World Heritage Sites, illustrating the enduring legacy of such sites as both symbols of human ingenuity and agents of change.

Rural tourism as a factor of sustainable development: a case study of Sukur World Heritage Site in Adamawa State, Northeastern Nigeria

Sukur Cultural Landscape — 2010 — WHE882C1ADA09

Rural tourism can serve as a significant driver for sustainable development, particularly in regions with rich cultural landscapes. A case study of the Sukur Cultural Landscape, a UNESCO World Heritage Site in Adamawa State, Northeastern Nigeria, demonstrates this potential. The research highlights that community participation and environmental protection are central to leveraging tourism for sustainable growth. It outlines strategies for developing the site while mitigating risks associated with such endeavors. These strategies aim to balance economic benefits with conservation efforts, ensuring long-term sustainability.

Searching for a Balance Between Community Needs and Conservation Policies in Historic Neighbourhoods of Istanbul

Historic Areas of Istanbul — 2010 — WHE3EBC559337

Recent regeneration efforts in Istanbul's historic neighbourhoods, such as Fetter and Balat (F&B), struggle to balance community needs with conservation policies. This study reveals that while sustainability and community-focused approaches are gaining traction among policymakers, their integration into urban conservation strategies remains limited. By analyzing the regeneration story of F&B, the research identifies key strengths and weaknesses in current conservation-led initiatives, offering critical insights for future sustainable urban development in historic areas. The findings suggest that achieving equilibrium between community aspirations and built environment preservation is essential for equitable and sustainable solutions.

Seasonal dynamics of airborne fungi in different caves of the Mogao Grottoes, Dunhuang, China

Mogao Caves — 2010 — WHE362CCEB57A

A study on the Mogao Caves reveals that visitor activity significantly influences airborne fungal concentrations and compositions. Researchers found higher levels of culturable fungi, particularly Cladosporium spp., Penicillium spp., Alternaria spp., and Aspergillus spp., in closed caves (CC) and outdoor areas (OD), with seasonal variations peaking in summer and autumn. Positive correlations were observed between fungal levels and temperature or visitor numbers, while negative correlations were noted with relative humidity and rainfall. This insight underscores the importance of considering human impact in conservation efforts for such heritage sites.

Seismic properties of the supra‐subduction mantle: Constraints from peridotite xenoliths from the Avacha volcano, southern Kamchatka

Volcanoes of Kamchatka — 2010 — WHE7EC57A1002

Research reveals that the supra-subduction mantle beneath the Avacha volcano, southern Kamchatka, exhibits distinct seismic properties shaped by low-stress deformation and fluid-driven processes. The study identifies an axial [100] olivine crystal preferred orientation (CPO) in peridotite xenoliths, which implies fast S-wave polarization aligned with flow direction in the mantle wedge. Additionally, orthopyroxene enrichment due to reactive percolation of hydrous melts or fluids lowers the Vp/Vs ratio but does not fully account for the exceptionally low ratios (<1.7) observed in other subduction zones like Japan and the Andes. The findings suggest that intrinsic anisotropy within these peridotites may explain such low Vp/Vs ratios, offering new insights into the seismic behavior of supra-subduction mantle environments.

Small state soft power strategies: virtual enlargement in the cases of the Vatican City State and Singapore

Vatican City — 2010 — WHE5547165A12

Small states can effectively expand their global influence through 'virtual enlargement' by leveraging soft power strategies, which include political economy potential, governance models, and diplomatic mediation. This study demonstrates that such approaches enable small states to transcend territorial limitations, as illustrated by the cases of Vatican City State and Singapore. The research employs a comparative analysis of these two distinct entities, highlighting their unique soft power dynamics and the mechanisms through which they project influence on an international scale.

Socio-cultural Impacts of Tourism on World Heritage Sites: Communities' Perspective of Lamu (Kenya) and Zanzibar Islands

Lamu Old Town — 2010 — WHE2A237656FB

Tourism at UNESCO World Heritage Sites often sparks conflicts between national marketing goals, local economic expectations, and conservation priorities. A study comparing Lamu Old Town (Kenya) and Zanzibar Stone Town reveals that while increased visitor numbers boost employment and income for local communities, site managers face challenges in balancing these benefits with the preservation of cultural integrity. The research highlights a tension between unrestricted tourism growth—driven by national image-building and economic incentives—and the need to mitigate negative impacts through visitor education and management strategies. By analyzing community perspectives, the study underscores the importance of inclusive planning and ownership in sustainable heritage conservation.

Solid Waste and Water Quality Management Models for Sagarmatha National Park and Buffer Zone, Nepal

Sagarmatha National Park — 2010 — WHED85BE3667B

Most solid waste in Sagarmatha National Park and its Buffer Zone is organic, paper, or minor reused material, but non-degradable waste like glass, metal, and plastic poses significant environmental risks due to improper disposal methods such as burning or open dumps. These practices, along with anthropogenic activities and poor sanitation infrastructure, contribute to water contamination, particularly in flood-prone areas near watercourses. The study developed participatory consensus-building models to simulate management scenarios, identifying potential solutions for waste and water quality issues. These findings offer insights applicable to other protected mountain landscapes facing similar challenges due to population growth, changing consumption patterns, and tourism.

Sonoran Desert Network Weavers:Surprising Environmental Successes on the U.S./Mexico Border

El Pinacate and Gran Desierto de Altar Biosphere Reserve — 2010 — WHE156DE9CA78

This study reveals that collaborative networks spanning the U.S./Mexico border have significantly contributed to environmental conservation successes, particularly within the El Pinacate and Gran Desierto de Altar Biosphere Reserve. By analyzing social network dynamics, water allocation strategies, and cross-border governance, researchers demonstrate how structured cooperation can mitigate challenges posed by political boundaries, such as those affecting the Colorado River Delta. The findings highlight the role of intermediary work and relational patterns in effective natural resource management, offering a model for addressing transboundary conservation issues. Interviews with stakeholders and case studies from shared environments provide empirical evidence supporting these insights.

Soviet Vilnius: Ideology and the Formation of Identity

Vilnius Historic Centre — 2010 — WHE81E3FE76CF

During the Soviet era, Vilnius underwent significant transformations to align with Soviet ideology, reshaping its identity through architectural changes, street renamings, and new monuments. The study reveals that these modifications were not merely physical but also aimed at altering historical narratives, myths, and symbols to legitimize the regime and indoctrinate citizens. By analyzing tangible signs like urban development and intangible elements such as revolutionary myths, the research demonstrates how Soviet authorities sought to erase old historical identities while fostering a new Soviet identity rooted in progress, the Great Patriotic War, and revolutionary ideals.

Spatial ecology of adult muskellunge (Esox masquinongy) in the urban Ottawa reach of the historic Rideau Canal, Canada

Rideau Canal — 2010 — WHE1822894337

A unique urban muskellunge population thrives in the Rideau Canal, Canada, with seasonal movements driven by canal operations. Radio-telemetry revealed that adult muskellunge (64–122 cm) exhibit greatest mobility during spring spawning, ranging across the 7 km urban reach before retreating to deeper embayments like Dow’s Lake for winter. None were stranded during canal drainage, though one died from winterkill. Environmental factors—seasonality and water depth—dictate habitat selection, with one fish emigrating upstream through a lock. This study provides critical insights into the spatial ecology of an apex predator in engineered ecosystems, informing conservation efforts to balance heritage and ecological values at this UNESCO-listed site.

Sustaining Tourism Development in Protected Areas. A Case of Kinabalu Park

Kinabalu Park — 2010 — WHE824476F53B

Kinabalu Park, Malaysia's first UNESCO World Heritage Site, faces dual challenges: balancing tourism growth with conservation goals. Research reveals that sustainable tourism can generate revenue for nature conservation while maintaining high visitor experiences. The study examines the park's management strategies since its 1964 establishment, focusing on how it meets visitor expectations without compromising ecological integrity. By analyzing visitor trends and management responses, the research highlights the importance of aligning tourism development with sustainable practices to ensure long-term protection of protected areas.

The Alpine Vegetation of the Khangchendzonga Landscape, Sikkim Himalaya

Khangchendzonga National Park — 2010 — WHECD6C9FE7D5

Alpine vegetation in Khangchendzonga National Park, part of the Eastern Himalaya biodiversity hotspot, exhibits distinct patterns shaped by rainfall, elevation, and soil conditions. The study identifies 11 alpine vegetation types, including dominant scrub and sedge meadows, with a notable absence of extensive grassy meadows compared to the Western Himalaya. Numerical classification revealed that this region's alpine zone is narrower, more fragmented, and depauperated, contributing to lower alpha species diversity. Environmental gradients were primary determinants of vegetation distribution, highlighting the unique ecological dynamics of this third-highest landscape in the world.

The Ancient Khmer's Dimensional Planning at the Prasat Pram in Koh Ker

Koh Ker: Archaeological Site of Ancient Lingapura or Chok Gargyar — 2010 — WHE71A10BD657

A new analysis of the Prasat Pram temple at Koh Ker, Cambodia, reveals that its architectural planning follows a consistent dimensional system also used across other temples in the site. This study confirms a previously proposed construction measure and provides insights into the scale and layout features unique to Khmer temples in Koh Ker. By focusing on this small but representative structure, researchers have uncovered patterns that likely apply to the broader archaeological landscape of the ancient city.