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Publications

Showing 17301 – 17320 of 30345 publications

Revealing Greater Cahokia, North America’s first Native city: rediscovery and large-scale excavations of the East St. Louis Precinct

Cahokia Mounds State Historic Site — 2019 — WHED65C05029C

Large-scale excavations at Cahokia Mounds State Historic Site, North America's first Native city, have uncovered significant insights into the East St. Louis Precinct, revealing artifacts that hint at the presence of now-extinct species like the passenger pigeon and ivory-billed woodpecker. This discovery sheds light on the ecological richness and biodiversity of the region during Cahokia's peak occupancy (circa 1050–1350 CE). The research employed systematic archaeological methods, including stratified excavations and artifact analysis, to reconstruct the precinct's layout and function within the broader urban landscape. Findings challenge traditional narratives about Cahokia's environment and underscore its role as a complex, interconnected city.

Review of energy demands and wind resource assessment of the Solovetsky Archipelago

Cultural and Historic Ensemble of the Solovetsky Islands — 2019 — WHE14A663EAD7

A computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis reveals that the Solovetsky Archipelago, home to a UNESCO World Heritage Site, possesses significant wind energy potential capable of offsetting part of its diesel-based energy demand. The study evaluates multiple wind farm locations to optimize energy capture, offering a sustainable alternative that could reduce harmful emissions—a critical priority for Arctic regions. This approach combines numerical modeling with strategic site selection to address both economic and environmental challenges in remote island territories.

Review: From the Grounds Up: Thomas Jefferson's Architecture and Design

Monticello and the University of Virginia in Charlottesville — 2019 — WHE22DC322261

Thomas Jefferson's architectural legacy, particularly his vision for Monticello and the University of Virginia, is highlighted through a comprehensive exhibition titled 'From the Grounds Up.' This showcase, curated by Richard Guy Wilson to mark the bicentennial of the university's founding, features a diverse collection of Jefferson's drawings, books, letters, paintings, prints, models, tools, and architectural fragments. The exhibition underscores Jefferson's profound passion for architectural design and his innovative approach to building, which is exemplified by his unplastered rooms at Monticello—intentionally left unfinished as a testament to his ongoing experimentation and dedication to craftsmanship.

Review: Wilderness: Earth's Amazing Habitats, by Mia Cassany and Marcos Navarro

Niokolo-Koba National Park — 2019 — WHEDCFBED541F

Niokolo-Koba National Park, a UNESCO World Heritage Site in Senegal, is highlighted in the book 'Wilderness: Earth's Amazing Habitats' for its unique biodiversity and geographical significance. The publication, reviewed by The American Biology Teacher, emphasizes the park's role as one of several deep-dive explorations into lesser-known yet ecologically rich habitats. Through vivid imagery and concise descriptions, it introduces readers to specific environments, including Niokolo-Koba’s distinct flora and fauna. A creature index further enriches the experience by providing brief profiles of species found in these locations, encouraging deeper engagement with the subject matter.

Revitalising the Danish Viking Age Ring Fortress Nonnebakken, Odense, Denmark

Viking-Age Ring Fortresses — 2019 — WHEA63BD849C6

Recent research on the Viking-Age ring fortress Nonnebakken, located beneath Odense, Denmark, reveals its exceptional state of preservation, challenging long-held assumptions about its condition. Through excavations and non-destructive analysis, scientists have uncovered new insights into the fortress's significance within local, regional, and national landscapes. This study highlights strategies to enhance public awareness and ownership of Nonnebakken, aiming to revitalize its presence in local consciousness. By combining historical data with modern investigative techniques, the research offers a fresh perspective on this hidden gem of Viking heritage.

Revolution

Kremlin and Red Square, Moscow — 2019 — WHE3E447754D7

The documentary 'Revolution' explores the complex relationship between avant-garde art and the Russian Revolution of 1917, revealing how revolutionary movements were both a performance and a political tool. It highlights the tension between the avant-garde's rejection of traditional culture—including Russian Orthodox norms—and its simultaneous alignment with Westernized urban aspirations. The film uses interviews, archival footage, and expert insights to dissect this duality, though it is criticized for oversimplifying historical contexts and geographical biases, particularly by neglecting regions like Belarus and Ukraine where many avant-garde artists originated. It also raises questions about the moral dilemmas of revolutionary art, as many artists who promoted the movement became victims of the very system they helped establish.

Rhodes Must Not Fall?

Historic Bridgetown and its Garrison — 2019 — WHEFA5F8C3905

Public monuments, such as statues of historical figures like Lord Nelson and Cecil Rhodes, often serve as contested symbols of colonial power. This study argues that their continued presence in public spaces—despite demands for removal or remediation—represents a form of 'historical erasure,' silencing the original ideological intent behind these objects and their ongoing contestation. The research examines how such monuments were erected during periods of imperial dominance to reinforce pro-colonial narratives, yet their preservation today risks uncritically legitimizing those legacies. By analyzing cases in Barbados (Bridgetown) and England (Oxford), the study challenges the notion that age alone grants historical significance, instead advocating for a renegotiation of which pasts are prioritized in public memory. The approach combines critical analysis of monument placement, ideological motivations, and contemporary debates on heritage preservation.

Rights-Based Approaches in Rural Heritage - Principles and Practice

Bryggen — 2019 — WHE757EA52D83

A rights-based approach to heritage management can significantly enhance the preservation and sustainability of rural World Heritage Sites by engaging local communities as active participants. This study, led by experts from Norway, Estonia, India, Ireland, and beyond, demonstrates how such approaches integrate community knowledge with professional conservation practices, fostering dignity, ownership, and long-term stewardship. The research combines case studies—including Bryggen in Bergen, Norway—and collaborative projects across Africa, Europe, and Asia to illustrate practical applications of these principles. It highlights the importance of balancing technical expertise with grassroots involvement, ensuring heritage protection aligns with social values and local needs.

Rituals and Feasting as Incentives for Cooperative Action at Early Neolithic Göbekli Tepe

Göbekli Tepe — 2019 — WHEC18B846E2C

Ritualized feasting, including the consumption of beer-like beverages, played a crucial role in fostering social cohesion and cooperation among early Neolithic communities at Göbekli Tepe. This 10th to 9th millennium BC site in southeastern Anatolia features monumental circular buildings with richly decorated limestone pillars, constructed by small-scale groups. Archaeological evidence, such as animal motif imagery distributed across a 200 km radius, large quantities of bones, and cooking equipment, suggests that these rituals brought together people from distant regions to work collaboratively on the site's construction. The study proposes that altered states of consciousness during rituals further enhanced intragroup cohesion, providing insights into the mechanisms that enabled complex social organization in early human societies.

River and Riverside Areas-in the Context of Shaping the Urban Space - Case Study

Historic Centre of Kraków — 2019 — WHE983FCE245E

A significant urban planning insight emerges from the study of Kraków's Vistula River corridor, highlighting its potential to shape sustainable and functional urban spaces. The research reveals that the river and its adjacent areas, rich in natural and cultural values, can serve as a linear public space that enhances the city's spatial structure. Key findings include the unique historical significance of the Vistula Valley, which encompasses medieval urban layouts like the Old Town, Kazimierz, and Podgórze, alongside distinct geothermal water deposits in the eastern zone. The study also underscores the corridor's role as a compositional element, contributing to the aesthetic and functional beauty of Kraków. By analyzing these areas within the city's boundaries, the research provides principles for leveraging natural and cultural assets to improve urban quality, though some complex issues are noted as requiring further exploration.

River-Based Cultural Landscapes and the Challenges of Flood Disaster in the Tropics

Osun-Osogbo Sacred Grove — 2019 — WHE97771E96AC

Flood disasters pose significant threats to river-based cultural landscapes, such as the Osun-Osogbo Sacred Grove, which are not only historically and socially significant but also economically valuable for tourism. A study highlights that these sites, enriched with tangible and intangible heritage qualities, face severe risks from climate change-induced floods, potentially leading to destruction of both natural and cultural elements. To mitigate these challenges, the research emphasizes the need for integrated flood risk control measures and man-made enclosures during site redesign. The study used observational methods to gather data from tour guides and frequent users, offering practical strategies to protect such heritage sites while ensuring their sustainability.

Riverine Civilizations and Ecological Adaptation: An Archaeological Perspective on Water Management in Ancient India

Dholavira: a Harappan City — 2019 — WHE361B22A516

Ancient Indian civilizations, particularly those along the Indus-Saraswati and Gangetic river systems, demonstrated sophisticated water management as a central organizing principle of settlement, subsistence, and social structure. Archaeological evidence from sites like Dholavira, Mohenjo-daro, and Lothal reveals advanced techniques for water harvesting, storage, and distribution, reflecting sustained ecological adaptation to hydrological uncertainty. The study highlights how these practices evolved in response to climatic shifts, such as the weakening of the monsoon and desiccation of the Saraswati system, which contributed to the transformation or decline of riverine settlements. This research underscores the continued relevance of indigenous water-management knowledge for modern environmental planning in water-stressed regions.

Rock Art and the Wild Mind. Visual Imagery in Mesolithic Northern Europe

Rock Art of Alta — 2019 — WHED56B65F06B

A groundbreaking reinterpretation of Mesolithic rock art in northern Europe, particularly at sites like Alta, Vingen, and Nämforsen, reveals a sophisticated visual culture rooted in shamanic or altered states of consciousness. Ingrid Fuglestvedt's work synthesizes extensive archaeological data with diverse theoretical frameworks—ranging from cognitive archaeology to ethnographic analogies—to propose that these ancient images were not merely symbolic but likely represented ritualistic practices tied to spiritual experiences. Unlike traditional summaries, this research avoids mere description, instead offering a nuanced, highly detailed analysis that challenges conventional interpretations of the region's rock art.

Role of CCTV Camera Security Project on the Sustainability of Tourism Industry in Zanzibar: A Case of Old Stone Town, Urban West Region, Zanzibar

Stone Town of Zanzibar — 2019 — WHE133C81BD79

A significant portion of respondents (33%) demonstrated high awareness of CCTV camera security projects in Zanzibar, highlighting their potential to enhance tourism sustainability. The study identified six prevalent crimes—stealing, robbery, vehicle disorders, theft by servants, breaking, and assault—that CCTV systems effectively mitigate. Key impacts included creating a secure business environment, preventing crime, reducing private security costs, and extending business operating hours. The research recommends adopting public-private partnerships to expand CCTV adoption across Zanzibar, emphasizing its role in fostering a safer tourism industry. This study employed a descriptive case method with cross-sectional design, leveraging observation, interviews, and questionnaires to analyze data from 120 respondents.

Role of Iron in the Marquesas Island Mass Effect

Te Henua Enata – The Marquesas Islands — 2019 — WHE81FA9CB5AE

A significant phytoplankton bloom, known as the Marquesas Island Mass Effect, occurs at the boundary between equatorial mesotrophic and subtropical oligotrophic waters in the central South Pacific Ocean. This phenomenon is characterized by high chlorophyll-a concentrations, a proxy for phytoplankton biomass, despite iron depletion in the surrounding waters. Through modeling simulations with varying iron sources, researchers found that iron input from island sediments is crucial in replicating observed patterns of chlorophyll distribution, though the simulated effect was weaker than real-world observations. The study also highlights the importance of remote processes, such as horizontal advection and vertical mixing, in modulating seasonal phytoplankton dynamics around the Marquesas archipelago by transporting nutrient-rich waters from the equator.

Roman Bridges on the Lower Part of the Danube

Frontiers of the Roman Empire — 2019 — WHE212E978A4D

Roman bridges along the lower Danube, including lesser-known structures beyond Trajan's bridge at Drobeta Turnu Severin, reveal advanced engineering techniques used during the Roman Empire's expansion into Dacia. These bridges underscore the strategic importance of conquering and administering the region, with surviving evidence demonstrating sophisticated construction methods that reflect the era's progress in public works infrastructure.

Roman Cyborgs! On Significant Otherness, Material Absence, and Virtual Presence in the Archaeology of Roman Religion

Historic Centre of Rome, the Properties of the Holy See in that City Enjoying Extraterritorial Rights and San Paolo Fuori le Mura — 2019 — WHE12C99FF5D0

A groundbreaking approach to digital archaeology reveals how post-human philosophies and expanded virtuality concepts can reshape our understanding of Roman religion and heritage. By analyzing the material absence and virtual presence of an absent temple in Rome, this study demonstrates that digital technologies can create non-human experiences, offering new perspectives on human-object-divine relations in Roman cults. This work-in-progress project challenges traditional functionalistic methods, suggesting that digital archaeology can serve as a tool to re-examine and reinvent notions of the human, the past, and the digital within a post-humanist framework.

Roosevelt elk

Redwood National and State Parks — 2019 — WHE052BFA187A

Long-term population dynamics of Roosevelt elk (Cervus elaphus rooseveltii) in Redwood National and State Parks reveal critical insights into irruption and extinction patterns, offering a nuanced comparison with broader North American elk populations. The study spans 20 years, providing rare, sustained data on this subspecies while integrating field observations and analytical methods—though some methodological descriptions lack application. Highlights include detailed analyses of population fluctuations and conservation challenges, valuable for both academic and general audiences. Despite minor inconsistencies in method usage, the work stands as a significant contribution to elk ecology and management.

Ruler Portraits and Ruler Cult in the Pergamon Gymnasion

Pergamon and its Multi-Layered Cultural Landscape — 2019 — WHEB55F26E317

Ruler portraits of Attalid kings at Pergamon's Gymnasion played a significant role in the city's multi-layered cultural landscape, serving as key elements in royal representation and cult practices. These statues exhibited visual integration and continuity, remaining prominent from their inception through late antiquity. While archaeological and epigraphic evidence exists, this study is the first to systematically analyze these artifacts, determining their functions and relationship to the ruler cult practiced in the gymnasial space. The research highlights how these portraits were preserved or adapted over centuries, offering new insights into Pergamon's cultural heritage.

Rural cultural landscapes and the purposes of heritage

Cultural Landscape of Bali Province: the Subak System as a Manifestation of the Tri Hita Karana Philosophy — 2019 — WHE9909198559

Heritage designation of the Balinese subak system, recognized for its cultural and natural significance in 2012, reveals complex outcomes for rural landscapes. While such listings aim to preserve diverse traditions, the case of Bali's subaks—irrigated rice terraces and temples—highlights challenges in defining heritage purposes and conservation goals. The study examines whether designating everyday farming areas as 'heritage' achieves meaningful preservation or merely symbolizes recognition without tangible benefits.