World Heritage Research: Search

Publications

Showing 18701 – 18720 of 30345 publications

Measuring the Particular

Bikini Atoll Nuclear Test Site — 2018 — WHED537D45FB7

Japanese scientists, following the 1954 thermonuclear test at Bikini Atoll, conducted low-dose radiation experiments to study its effects on life. Their work challenged the linear no-threshold (LNT) model of radiation damage, proposing an alternative approach that considered biological repair mechanisms. By analyzing data from the genetics magazine Iden, researchers found that Japanese studies during this period accommodated a nuanced understanding of radiation effects, which differed from international norms. This research highlights the tension between event-driven science and experimental rigor, a problem that persists today in discussions about nuclear disasters like Fukushima. The findings underscore the importance of local environmental contexts in shaping scientific knowledge.

Mechanisms for Generation and Development of the Ningaloo Niño

Ningaloo Coast — 2018 — WHEE121C7C33C

A significant discovery in understanding the Ningaloo Niño phenomenon reveals that northerly wind anomalies off Western Australia play a pivotal role in generating warm sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies. These winds reduce turbulent heat loss, enhance the Leeuwin Current's heat transport, and weaken coastal upwelling, contributing to SST warming. Additionally, these wind anomalies suppress cold dry air transport from the Southern Ocean, further reducing heat loss. A positive cloud–radiation feedback also amplifies SST warming by increasing downward solar radiation. The study, using ocean and atmospheric general circulation model experiments, found that approximately 40% of Ningaloo Niño events between 1950 and 2010 coincided with La Niña, while 30% occurred with a positive Indian Ocean dipole (IOD). Notably, around 30% of these events were independent of both La Niña and IOD, highlighting the complexity and multifaceted nature of the phenomenon.

Medical education in difficult circumstances: analysis of the experience of clinical medical students following the new innovative medical curriculum in Aksum, rural Ethiopia

Aksum — 2018 — WHE0E27848A60

A unique clinical learning environment in rural Ethiopia, characterized by limited specialist supervision and high patient need, provides early practical experience for medical students that enhances skill acquisition. This study analyzed the experiences of 74 clinical medical students following the New Innovative Medical Curriculum (NIMC) at Aksum School of Medicine, using qualitative interviews, direct observations, and questionnaires. While the curriculum's structured approach often clashed with real-world clinical demands, students valued early responsibility and found skills sessions particularly beneficial. The research highlights the importance of specialist supervision in such challenging settings, offering insights into medical education in resource-constrained environments.

Memory and Cultural Landscape at the Khami World Heritage Site, Zimbabwe

Khami Ruins National Monument — 2018 — WHE7903096D34

A critical analysis of the Khami World Heritage Site, Zimbabwe, reveals how colonial heritage management and national narratives shape cultural landscapes, often at the expense of local community interests. The study exposes epistemic violence embedded in conservation practices, highlighting a disjuncture between official memory and lived experiences. Using archival research, traditional narratives, and firsthand archaeological experience, it constructs a biography for Khami, contrasting its fading historical significance with Great Zimbabwe's central role in national identity. This case study offers insights into heritage, identity, and landscape from an African perspective, challenging conventional approaches to cultural preservation.

Memory Politics: Growth Coalitions, Urban Pasts, and the Creation of “Historic” Philadelphia

Independence Hall — 2018 — WHE62320DD31F

Postwar urban redevelopment in Philadelphia, particularly around Independence Hall and Society Hill, was driven by 'memory politics'—a strategic use of historical narratives to foster economic growth, tourism, and civic identity. This study reveals how powerful actors leveraged Cold War-era nostalgia and American heritage imagery to justify urban renewal projects, reshaping the city's landscape while reinforcing a selective historical memory. By analyzing the sociopolitical dynamics of these redevelopment efforts (1948–1964), researchers demonstrate how heritage becomes a tool for growth coalitions to navigate demographic shifts and economic challenges.

Mercado y centro gastronómico - centro histórico de Lima

Historic Centre of Lima — 2018 — WHEEAF95586A0

A new architectural approach to market halls is proposed, transforming them from static commercial spaces into dynamic gastronomic and cultural hubs that enrich urban centers. By leveraging Lima's gastronomic boom, the study introduces a redesigned market concept that integrates educational activities, fosters community development, and adapts to modern societal needs. This innovative perspective goes beyond traditional market functions, offering a multifaceted experience that aligns with contemporary urban requirements while preserving historical significance.

Mésentente temporelle. La fabrique du patrimoine culturel urbain de Rio de Janeiro à l’épreuve des temps du territoire carioca

Rio de Janeiro: Carioca Landscapes between the Mountain and the Sea — 2018 — WHEA31394AD03

This study reveals how the heritagization process of Rio de Janeiro as a UNESCO World Heritage Site serves as a critical moment to interrogate the interplay between past, present, and future, particularly in relation to the city's rapid urban transformations during mega-events. By analyzing four key moments within this process, the research deciphers the temporal horizons of various actors involved, highlighting the negotiation of divergent historicity schemes and their entanglement with the timescales of urban transformation and sustainable development. The findings underscore the complex interplay between different presents at work in shaping Rio's urban landscape, offering insights into how heritage narratives are constructed and contested in dynamic urban contexts.

Metallkundliche und analytische Untersuchungen an den im Deposito Archeologico der Soprintendenza Archeologica di Pompei aufbewahrten Metallgefäßen

Archaeological Areas of Pompei, Herculaneum and Torre Annunziata — 2018 — WHE5347BDC02D

A groundbreaking analysis of metal vessels from Pompeii, preserved in the archaeological deposit of the Soprintendenza Archeologica di Pompei, reveals the unexpected use of brass (copper-zinc alloy) alongside traditional tin bronzes in ancient Campanian craftsmanship. Contrary to prior assumptions, brass was employed in local vessel production, challenging established narratives about its introduction during Roman imperial coinage reforms. The study utilized macro-scale examinations, material sampling, and advanced analytical techniques—including lead isotope analysis and metallographic investigations—to elucidate the compositional variations and manufacturing processes of 1,678 copper-based vessels and fragments. Findings indicate that while bronze compositions were consistent for vessel bodies, decorative elements like handles often contained variable lead levels, suggesting standardized yet empirically refined craftsmanship practices widespread across the ancient world. This research underscores the sophistication of pre-Roman metallurgical knowledge and provides insights into the provenance and production techniques of Campanian metalwork.

Micro-PIXE: A Powerful Technique in Measurement and Determination of Raw Materials of Glass Artifacts of Parthian period From Shaur (Susa)

Susa — 2018 — WHEBB16DFBE95

A groundbreaking analysis of glass artifacts from the Parthian period at Shaur, Susa, reveals that Micro-PIXE (Particle-Induced X-ray Emission) is an exceptionally powerful technique for determining the raw materials used in their production. This method allows for precise elemental mapping and quantification, providing critical insights into ancient glassmaking practices. The study highlights significant variations in the composition of these artifacts, suggesting diverse sourcing strategies or technical innovations during this period. By applying Micro-PIXE, researchers were able to identify specific chemical signatures that trace back to raw material origins, offering a deeper understanding of trade networks and craftsmanship in Parthian-era glass production.

Microclimate of a former treasury in Cathedral of Assumption of Our Lady and Saint John the Baptist in Sedlec — Long-time analysis

Kutná Hora: Historical Town Centre with the Church of St Barbara and the Cathedral of Our Lady at Sedlec — 2018 — WHE5CC63FCD34

Long-term monitoring reveals that public access significantly alters the microclimate of Sedlec Cathedral's former treasury. The study demonstrates that visitor presence introduces measurable changes to temperature and humidity, posing risks to preserved artifacts like the ancient Gothic Sedlec monstrance. Researchers analyzed climate conditions before and after the treasury opened to visitors, identifying patterns that can guide future conservation strategies to safeguard these historical treasures while balancing public access.

Microstructural, Mineralogical and Petrographical Characteristics of the Medieval Ceramics from the Studenica Monastery (UNESCO World Heritage Site): Implications on the Pottery Technology and Provenance of The Raw Material

Studenica Monastery — 2018 — WHE17C584D7C4

A detailed analysis of medieval ceramics from the Studenica Monastery reveals that most vessels were locally produced using raw materials consistent with the geology of the surrounding area. The study, employing optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive spectrometry, and X-ray powder diffraction, identified four potential imports linked to Byzantine sgraffito wares and ceramics from the Peloponnese (13th century). The findings indicate a standardized pottery production process, with cooking wares fired at 600–700°C and glazed tablewares and cooking pots fired at minimum 800–900°C. This suggests a blend of traditional skills and Byzantine artistic influences within the pottery craft circle.

Middle and Later Stone Age chronology of Kisese II rockshelter (UNESCO World Heritage Kondoa Rock-Art Sites), Tanzania

Kondoa Rock-Art Sites — 2018 — WHE586C7FCCB8

Kisese II rockshelter, part of the UNESCO World Heritage Kondoa Rock-Art Sites in Tanzania, reveals that behavioral innovations associated with modern humans emerged gradually between 46,000 and 34,300 years ago. This study provides one of the most robust chronological sequences for East Africa using 29 radiocarbon dates on ostrich eggshell beads, showing that backed microliths and red ochre use became widespread during this period. The transition from Middle Stone Age (MSA) to Later Stone Age (LSA) lithic technologies began around 39,000 years ago, with LSA technologies fully established by the Last Glacial Maximum. These findings challenge the notion of a rapid, uniform shift in human behavior, instead highlighting regional variability and time-transgressive changes.

Middle Kingdom tombs from Asasif: work in the 2015/2016 season

Ancient Thebes with its Necropolis — 2018 — WHE8373B5640B

Archaeological work at the North Asasif Necropolis in West Thebes revealed significant insights into Middle Kingdom tomb construction and funerary practices. The 2015/2016 season focused on six rock-cut tombs, where researchers cleared corridors and chambers, documented architecture, and conducted restoration efforts. Notably, stonemason’s tools from the Middle Kingdom and Third Intermediate Period cartonnages were uncovered, providing rare evidence of craftsmanship techniques and funerary traditions. A surface survey of the slope further expanded understanding of the necropolis's layout. These findings contribute to a broader reconstruction of Theban burial practices and architectural evolution during this pivotal period.

Miejsce ekfrazy w bizantynistycznej historiografii artystycznej

Monasteries of Daphni, Hosios Loukas and Nea Moni of Chios — 2018 — WHE1024296665

A groundbreaking analysis reveals that Byzantine ekphrases, traditionally overlooked in art history, hold significant potential for understanding the development of iconographic and compositional programmes. The study demonstrates that Byzantine artists, particularly after the Iconoclastic Controversy (726-843), were capable of freely shaping their pictorial formulae to visually represent dogmatic content, often defying canonical norms. This is exemplified by reversed compositional schemes in scenes such as Christ's Entry into Jerusalem at Daphni and the Holy Myrrhbearers at Mileševa Monastery. The research also highlights an affinity between artistic and literary stances, suggesting that Byzantine writers faced similar challenges in expressing dogmatic content within the literary canon, as seen in Michael Psellos' ekphrasis of a Crucifixion image.

Military Necessity, Proportionality and Dual-Use Objects at the ICTY: A Close Reading of the Prlić et al. Proceedings on the Destruction of the Old Bridge of Mostar

Old Bridge Area of the Old City of Mostar — 2018 — WHE95CEF485F9

A problematic application of international humanitarian law regarding 'dual-use objects' emerges from the ICTY's adjudication on the destruction of Mostar's Old Bridge. The study critically examines the Trial and Appeals Chamber judgments, focusing on the concepts of military necessity and proportionality. It argues that the Prlić et al. Appeal Judgment misapplies these principles when assessing whether targeting objects with both military and civilian functions is permissible under international law. This analysis highlights a significant legal ambiguity in cases involving heritage sites with dual-use significance, potentially setting a precedent for future interpretations.

Mindfulness promotes sustainable tourism: the case of Uluru

Uluru-Kata Tjuta National Park — 2018 — WHE6A7B010FDC

A study demonstrates that mindfulness can significantly influence sustainable tourism behaviors, particularly regarding sensitive cultural and natural sites. Participants exposed to a mindfulness-inducing audio track showed a reduced preference for group tours that included climbing Uluru, recognizing the environmental and cultural implications of such activities. The research suggests that mindfulness enhances awareness of sustainability issues in tourism contexts, contributing to broader discussions on its role in promoting responsible travel. This finding builds on existing literature linking mindfulness to positive social and individual outcomes, with potential applications in sustainable tourism practices.

Mineral chemistry, P-T and tectonometamorphic evolutions of garnet amphibolites from the Takht-e-Soleyman, NW Takab

Takht-e Soleyman — 2018 — WHE0D08AC4516

Garnet amphibolites from Takht-e-Soleyman, a UNESCO World Heritage Site in Iran, reveal distinct mineral chemistry and metamorphic evolution linked to tectonic processes. The study identifies pressure-temperature (P-T) conditions of approximately 6–8 kbar and 700–750°C during the metamorphic peak, suggesting subduction-related metamorphism. Mineral compositions indicate complex fluid-rock interactions, with garnet showing zoning patterns that reflect changes in pressure and temperature over time. This research provides critical insights into the tectonometamorphic history of the region, contributing to a better understanding of the geological dynamics that shaped Takht-e-Soleyman's unique landscape.

Mineral-Brown Carbonate Soils Of Western Tian Shan, Their Agrochemical Properties And Humus Condition

Western Tien-Shan — 2018 — WHE07BC768D80

Research on mineral-brown carbonate soils in the Western Tien-Shan reveals that the ratio of humic acids (Cga) to fulvic acids (Cfa) correlates with soil susceptibility to erosion, influenced by slope exposure and relief. The study found that an increase in this ratio corresponds with higher optical density of humic acids, indicating varying resistance to coagulation among different soils. These differences also reflect varying degrees of susceptibility to erosion and anthropogenic factors, providing insights into the agrochemical properties and humus condition of these mountain soils. The analysis combines field observations and literature data to assess soil fertility and erosion dynamics in this ecologically significant region.

Mineralogical–Geochemical Characterization and Provenance of the Stones Used at the Pasargadae Complex in Iran: A New Perspective

Pasargadae — 2018 — WHE49FFBFD8B1

A new study reveals the provenance of stones used in the construction of Pasargadae, Iran's ancient UNESCO World Heritage Site, dating back to 550–330 BCE. Researchers identified Abolverdi quarry as the source for light limestone, particularly in Cyrus the Great's tomb, while Ahmad-Beigi and Sarpaniran outcrops supplied dark limestone. Using mineralogical and geochemical analysis—including optical microscopy, X-ray diffraction, ICP-MS, and XRF—the team distinguished stone sources based on Sr/Fe ratios and rare-earth element concentrations. Principal component analysis confirmed these findings, offering fresh insights into the sophisticated stonework techniques of ancient Persian architecture.

Miscellany

Margravial Opera House Bayreuth — 2018 — WHE6BBDABAB38

A comprehensive restoration and reopening of the Margravial Opera House in Bayreuth, originally built in 1748 by Wilhelmina, margravine of Bayreuth, and designed by Giuseppe Galli Bibiena, has been documented. This historic structure, significant for its architectural heritage, underwent meticulous conservation efforts to preserve its Baroque elements while ensuring modern functionality. The restoration process involved detailed analysis of original materials, construction techniques, and historical records to maintain authenticity. The reopening marks a milestone in the preservation of cultural landmarks, offering insights into 18th-century operatic architecture and its enduring influence on European theater design.