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Publications

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Mistler (Anne), dir., Le palais du Rhin, Ancien palais impérial

Strasbourg, Grande-Île and Neustadt — 2018 — WHEB7479B0C9E

A comprehensive reassessment of the Palais du Rhin, once the imperial palace in Strasbourg's Grande-Île and Neustadt, reveals its pivotal role in the city's architectural and urban evolution. This study builds on Klaus Nohlen’s foundational work from the late 1970s, offering new insights into its historical significance as a transitional element between the old town and the Neustadt. The research employs a combination of archival analysis, architectural documentation, and urban planning studies to contextualize the palace's design, function, and legacy within broader European imperial contexts. Published in Revue d’Alsace, this work underscores the Palais du Rhin’s enduring influence on Strasbourg’s cultural heritage.

Mobile Augmented Reality Games As An Engaging Tool For Cultural Heritage Dissemination: A Case Study

Archaeological Site of Delphi — 2018 — WHEFD0EBA878F

Mobile augmented reality (AR) games emerge as a promising tool for engaging students with cultural heritage, particularly at open-air archaeological sites. A pilot study using the 'Oracle of Delphi app' demonstrated that location-aware AR can effectively guide secondary school students through the sacred site of Delphi, fostering playful exploration and learning about its monuments. This innovative approach addresses gaps in current literature by evaluating usability, effectiveness, and user acceptance of mobile AR in educational contexts. The research provides actionable insights for cultural heritage administrators and educators, highlighting key factors to consider when designing digital strategies for archaeological site visits. As the first such study for Delphi, it offers a model for integrating technology with heritage dissemination.

Modeling anthropic factors as drivers of wildfire occurrence at the Monarch Butterfly Biosphere

Monarch Butterfly Biosphere Reserve — 2018 — WHE0FCC3C19E5

In the Monarch Butterfly Biosphere Reserve, wildfire occurrence is significantly driven by anthropic factors such as population density and forest edge proximity. A study modeling fire events from 2009 to 2013 revealed that areas with higher human presence and fragmented forests are more prone to fires, with a predictive model accuracy of AUC = 0.71 when validated against 2014-2015 data. The research highlights the need for targeted fire management strategies in high-risk zones, particularly those near populated areas or forest edges, while suggesting future models incorporate direct fuel measurements for improved precision.

Modelling and Forecasting Zimbabwe’s Tourist Arrivals Using Time Series Method: A Case Study of Victoria Falls Rainforest

Mosi-oa-Tunya / Victoria Falls — 2018 — WHE3EBC6E881F

A study on Victoria Falls Rainforest, one of the Seven Natural Wonders of the World, reveals that tourist arrivals in Zimbabwe exhibit significant seasonality and upward trends with increasing variance over time. Researchers applied a SARIMA (2, 1, 0)(2, 0, 0)12 model to monthly data from 2006 to 2017, which outperformed other forecasting methods and provided reasonable two-year out-of-sample forecasts indicating continued growth in tourist arrivals. This quantitative approach offers tourism stakeholders, investors, and government agencies actionable insights for infrastructure development, accommodation planning, and addressing foreign currency challenges.

Modelling Population Viability of Three Independent Javan Gibbon (Hylobates moloch) Populations on Java, Indonesia

Ujung Kulon National Park — 2018 — WHE0ACBA12BBA

Javan gibbons (Hylobates moloch) face a high risk of local extinction within 100 years due to persistent hunting and deforestation, according to a population viability analysis conducted using the VORTEX modelling software. The study assessed three independent populations—two in protected areas (Ujung Kulon National Park and Halimun-Salak National Park) and one unprotected (Dieng Mountains)—which together hold over half of Java's remaining gibbons. Findings indicate that if current threats persist, all populations could face extinction, while eliminating these pressures could ensure long-term survival with sustained genetic diversity. The research underscores the critical need for enhanced conservation measures, including stricter protection against illegal wildlife trade and habitat degradation.

Modelling tourism demand volatility using a seasonal autoregressive integrated moving average autoregressive conditional heteroscedasticity model for Victoria Falls Rainforest arrivals in Zimbabwe

Mosi-oa-Tunya / Victoria Falls — 2018 — WHE748B7ADB11

A new model predicts stable tourism volatility at Victoria Falls Rainforest, offering optimism for Zimbabwe's tourism sector. The SARIMA(2,1,0)(2,0,0)12-ARCH(1) model, applied to monthly tourist arrival data from 2008–2017, reveals minimal uncertainty in the first half of forecasted years, followed by consistent volatility. This suggests that favorable policies and marketing strategies could sustain Victoria Falls' appeal, potentially boosting employment and economic growth under Zimbabwe's new political dispensation. Previous studies had focused on tourism determinants like political instability and exchange rates, but this research advances understanding by modeling volatility dynamics—key for destination managers and policymakers.

Modernity and preservation in Casa Forte: The dialogue between the frontier of the new and the protection of the ancient

Himeji-jo — 2018 — WHEE4DCC8E62D

This study reveals the profound impact of castle cities, particularly Himeji-jo and Edo, on Japan's transformation during the late sixteenth century. These urban centers, beyond their military significance, served as catalysts for cultural evolution and political reform, shifting power from Kyoto to emerging cities. Himeji-jo, with its innovative defense structures, and Edo, as the new capital of the shogunate, exemplified this shift, fostering new ways of thinking and cultural forms that laid the foundation for Japan's peaceful modernization under a unified rule. The research analyzes how these urban developments contributed to the country's transition from a warring state to a culturally advanced nation.

Moisture Adsorption Mechanism of Earthen Plaster Containing Soluble Salts in the Mogao Grottoes of China

Mogao Caves — 2018 — WHEF04645B77A

Research reveals that the moisture adsorption process of earthen plaster in the Mogao Caves, particularly when contaminated with NaCl and Na2SO4 salts, occurs in three distinct stages as relative humidity (RH) increases. This finding highlights the critical role of RH fluctuations in the deterioration of cave structures and wall paintings. The study employed experimental methods to analyze moisture adsorption in plaster samples with varying salt contents at different humidity levels, identifying key factors such as hygroscopicity and salt interactions that exacerbate damage. These insights provide a foundation for developing targeted preventive conservation strategies to mitigate salt-related degradation in these culturally significant sites.

Moisture Supply From the Western Ghats Forests to Water Deficit East Coast of India

Western Ghats — 2018 — WHE78F3709216

Evapotranspiration from the Western Ghats forests contributes significantly to southwest monsoon rainfall over Tamil Nadu, accounting for 25–40% of precipitation during normal years and up to 50% during water-deficit periods or dry spells. This finding highlights the critical role of the region's dense vegetation in sustaining water availability on India's east coast, which faces severe water scarcity. The study employed regional climate simulations using the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model to quantify this moisture supply mechanism. Recent deforestation in the Western Ghats not only threatens biodiversity but also risks exacerbating water shortages across Peninsular India.

Molecular confirmation of Hymenolepis hibernia in field mice (Apodemus sylvaticus) from St Kilda has potential to resolve a host-parasite relationship

St Kilda — 2018 — WHEFC79AEAB6E

Researchers have identified Hymenolepis hibernia tapeworm infections in field mice (Apodemus sylvaticus) from St Kilda, a remote UNESCO World Heritage Site. Molecular analysis of hexacanth embryos confirmed these infections as distinct from previously reported Hymenolepis diminuta cases on the island. Phylogenetic studies suggest potential for resolving host-parasite relationships, though current data limitations hinder definitive conclusions. The study employed gross and molecular examinations of preserved mouse specimens and fecal samples, analyzing ribosomal cytochrome c-oxidase subunit-1 sequences. Findings contribute to understanding insular parasitology and its implications for disease control in humans and domestic animals.

Molecular detection of Bartonella coopersplainsensis and B. henselae in rats from New Zealand

Tongariro National Park — 2018 — WHE55FF506066

A groundbreaking study identifies the presence of two Bartonella species, B. coopersplainsensis and B. henselae, in rats from Tongariro National Park, New Zealand. The research detected these bacteria in 15.4% (22/143) and 2.1% (3/143) of black rats, respectively, with one rat showing co-occurrence of both species. This marks the first molecular detection of Bartonella spp. DNA in New Zealand rodents and the first identification of B. henselae in rats globally. The study employed PCR to amplify and sequence bacterial genes from rat spleen samples, comparing results against NCBI databases. While B. coopersplainsensis's public health significance remains undefined, B. henselae is known to cause cat scratch disease, posing potential public health risks. The findings highlight the need for further research, including bacterial culture, to better understand Bartonella prevalence and diversity in this ecosystem.

Molecular Identification of Leishmania spp. in Sand Flies (Diptera: Psychodidae: Phlebotominae) in the Lençóis Maranhenses National Park, Brazil

Lençóis Maranhenses National Park — 2018 — WHE5C176695FD

Researchers identified four Leishmania species infecting sand flies in Lençóis Maranhenses National Park, Brazil, highlighting potential risks for leishmaniasis transmission. The study found Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis and L. (Viannia) lainsoni in multiple sand fly species, including Lutzomyia whitmani, while Leishmania (Leishmania) infantum was prevalent in Lutzomyia wellcomei and Lu. sordellii. Molecular analysis of 2,190 female sand flies collected from peridomiciliary areas between September 2012 and August 2013 revealed infection rates up to 20%. These findings underscore the need for surveillance and control measures to mitigate cutaneous leishmaniasis and prevent visceral leishmaniasis outbreaks in this UNESCO-listed conservation area, a major tourist destination.

Monitoring and Mitigating Particulate Matter Deposition on Decorative Surfaces: Current and Future Approaches in the Palace of Westminster

Palace of Westminster and Westminster Abbey including Saint Margaret’s Church — 2018 — WHE73FCABFBC5

A new method for monitoring dust deposition on vertical surfaces, using imaging and open-source software (CHIJ workflow in ImageJ), was successfully trialled at the Palace of Westminster. This approach revealed significant discrepancies between data collected directly on wall paintings and traditional horizontal glass slide proxies, offering a more accurate assessment of particulate matter deposition trends. The study identified anthropogenic, geogenic, and biological sources of dust, highlighting seasonal variations and works-related impacts. Mitigation measures implemented to protect decorative surfaces demonstrated effectiveness in reducing dust diffusion. This low-tech yet robust method provides conservationists with data-driven tools for informed decision-making in heritage preservation.

Monitoring cultural heritage sites affected by geohazards

Choirokoitia — 2018 — WHE9C9A77C4A6

A proactive approach to assessing geo-hazards in cultural heritage sites, such as the UNESCO World Heritage Site of Choirokoitia in Cyprus, reveals that long-term monitoring can significantly enhance risk assessment and conservation planning. Unlike traditional reactive strategies, this study demonstrates the effectiveness of low-impact techniques like UAVs (Unmanned Aerial Vehicles) and geodetic methods to monitor structural deformation and surrounding geological contexts. By integrating these technologies, researchers can identify potential geo-hazards early, enabling more sustainable and cost-effective conservation efforts. This case study underscores the importance of understanding the broader geological and geotechnical environment to mitigate risks and prioritize maintenance policies for heritage sites.

Monitoring vegetation dynamics in East Rennell Island World Heritage Site using multi-sensor and multi-temporal remote sensing data

East Rennell — 2018 — WHE795531E3EE

East Rennell Island, the first natural site under customary law inscribed on UNESCO’s World Heritage List, has shown a gradual decline in vegetation cover from 2000 to 2015, with an annual decrease of –0.0011 in the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI). Despite this trend, 95% of the island remains undisturbed by forest cover, and the rate of change is less pronounced within the East Rennell World Heritage Site (ERWHS) compared to areas outside it. The study utilized multi-sensor and multi-temporal remote sensing data to track these changes, revealing that while potential threats like logging, mining, and agriculture persist, forest cover change outside ERWHS has remained below 15% over the studied period. The findings provide actionable insights for the Government of Solomon Islands, suggesting the integration of unmanned air vehicles (UAVs) and field surveys to enhance monitoring and ensure the long-term conservation of ERWHS.

Monitoring water quality of the Upper Okavango Delta

Okavango Delta — 2018 — WHE723D47E961

Research confirms the long-standing reputation of the Upper Okavango Delta as having pristine water quality, with findings indicating minimal anthropogenic impacts on its aquatic ecosystem. The study employed a comprehensive monitoring approach, analyzing key physicochemical parameters such as pH, dissolved oxygen, electrical conductivity, and nutrient levels across multiple sampling sites. Results showed stable and low concentrations of pollutants, reinforcing the delta's status as one of Africa's most ecologically intact freshwater systems. This study underscores the importance of continued vigilance to preserve the region's biodiversity and hydrological integrity, given its designation as a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

Monumentality, nature and World Heritage monuments

Ajanta Caves — 2018 — WHEA3C80D1533

The rock-cut Buddhist caves at Ajanta, Ellora, and Elephanta challenge traditional distinctions between cultural and natural heritage. These sites, the first inscribed on UNESCO’s World Heritage List in 1983, demonstrate how monumentality is intrinsically linked to their natural environments. A study by Brancaccio (2018) argues that rethinking this dichotomy is essential for understanding South Asian heritage landscapes. The research examines these caves as sites of both cultural and natural significance, highlighting the interplay between human craftsmanship and geological context. By analyzing Ajanta, Elephanta, and Ellora, the study offers a framework to reconsider how World Heritage monuments are categorized and preserved.

More Tourists Green Up: Bringing the Charm back to Vietnam

Hoi An Ancient Town — 2018 — WHE04E229A3CC

Tourists are increasingly acting as 'green value co-creators' by actively contributing to the restoration and preservation of Vietnam's natural and cultural heritage, including UNESCO World Heritage Sites like Hoi An Ancient Town. This study highlights how international tourists, often in collaboration with tour companies, engage in voluntary conservation efforts such as beach and riverbank cleanups, thereby 'planting green' in destinations while fostering environmental awareness among peers and local communities. While local industries remain a significant threat to these attractions' ecological charm, the growing trend of eco-conscious tourism suggests that tourists can play a pivotal role in reversing environmental degradation. The research snapshot underscores the potential for tourism to drive sustainable conservation when aligned with community participation.

Morphological and Genetic Features of Cisco (Coregonidae: Coregonus sp.) from Lake Sobachye (Putorana Plateau)

Putorana Plateau — 2018 — WHE5F0D9243BA

A study of cisco (Coregonus sp.) from Lake Sobachye on the Putorana Plateau reveals a strong phylogenetic relationship with the vendace (Coregonus albula). Analysis of morphological traits and mitochondrial DNA polymorphism indicates that the Lake Sobachye population shares significant genetic and structural similarities with the vendace, challenging existing hypotheses about its origin. This research provides new insights into the evolutionary history of cisco species in the region, particularly their connections to both the vendace and the least cisco.

Morphology and structure of Homo erectus humeri from Zhoukoudian, Locality 1

Peking Man Site at Zhoukoudian — 2018 — WHEF6EE4AC76C

A new analysis of Homo erectus humeri from the Peking Man Site at Zhoukoudian reveals significant regional variability in humeral robusticity, with East Asian H. erectus exhibiting greater diaphyseal strength compared to African counterparts when standardized for body mass and limb length. This suggests possible temporal or ecogeographical differences within the species, potentially reflecting distinct upper limb loading patterns. The study utilized high-resolution computed tomography (CT) to quantify cross-sectional properties of two Zhoukoudian humeri, comparing them with African H. erectus and Eurasian Late Pleistocene hominins, including Neanderthals and Upper Paleolithic modern humans. Findings indicate that East Asian H. erectus humeral properties often align more closely with those of later hominins than with African H. erectus, challenging current understanding of this species' adaptive responses.