Ancient City of Qalhat

Qalhat, a Medieval Port City of Oman

The medieval port city of Qalhat, Oman, has been revealed as a wealthy, cosmopolitan metropolis through extensive archaeological research initiated in 2008. This study uncovered the city's plan and chronology, identifying key structures such as mosques, fortifications, and water supply systems, including the Great Mosque built by Bibi Maryam around 1300. Excavations also reconstructed Qalhat's craft and economic activities, as well as its regional and international commercial links, highlighting its significance during the 13th to 16th centuries. These findings underscored Qalhat's Outstanding Universal Value, leading to its inscription on the UNESCO World Heritage List in 2018.