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Comparative Analysis of Soswaewon and Villa d'Este Garden

Villa d'Este, Tivoli — 2015 — WHE0B37ED116D

A comparative analysis of Sosaewon and Villa d'Este gardens reveals new potential for contemporary garden art through the deconstruction and fusion of their diverse iconological interpretations. The study applies post-modern deconstructivism to uncover hidden artistic intentions, aiming to transition from standardized garden planning to a more dynamic, compound system. By juxtaposing heterogeneous elements from both sites, it seeks to redefine aesthetic value in modern garden design, offering innovative approaches for future artistic and architectural integration.

Comparative Phylogeography Highlights the Double-Edged Sword of Climate Change Faced by Arctic- and Alpine-Adapted Mammals

Kluane / Wrangell-St. Elias / Glacier Bay / Tatshenshini-Alsek — 2015 — WHEDB65EC54CB

Alpine and Arctic-adapted mammals exhibit similar phylogeographic patterns, with genetic diversity remaining stable or expanding post-Pleistocene, contrary to temperate species. This study reveals a shared disjunction separating eastern and Beringian lineages among five small mammal species—Collared Pikas, Hoary Marmots, Brown Lemmings, Arctic Ground Squirrels, and Singing Voles—suggesting simultaneous divergence during Pleistocene glaciations. While four species show no evidence of population contraction, Brown Lemmings display late Quaternary demographic expansion without subsequent decline. The Wrangell-St. Elias region emerges as a critical zone of secondary contact for Nearctic alpine mammals. Despite ecological differences, these findings imply that climate change acts as a double-edged sword: eroding genetic diversity while simultaneously promoting divergence and biodiversity generation.

Comparing the generation of electricity from renewable and non-renewable energy sources in Iran and the world: now and future

Lut Desert — 2015 — WHE621642E8A7

Renewable energy, particularly solar power, offers significant economic and environmental advantages over fossil fuels, with the Lut Desert in Iran emerging as a high-potential site for large-scale electricity generation. This study compares the cost-effectiveness of renewable versus non-renewable energy sources globally, emphasizing Iran's vast untapped solar potential. By analyzing production costs, remaining fossil fuel reserves, and broader impacts on economy, environment, and public health, researchers highlight the urgent need to transition toward sustainable energy solutions. The findings underscore the Lut Desert as a strategic location for harnessing solar energy, aligning with global trends toward decarbonization.

Comparison between Hiker and Non-hiker's Sense of place value at Namhansanseong Provincial Park

Namhansanseong — 2015 — WHE1A4EDA04E7

Hikers at Namhansanseong Provincial Park place significantly higher value on health, relaxation, and environmental aspects compared to non-hikers. The study, involving 587 respondents, categorized sense of place into three factors: Health Culture, Ecology Environment, and Connectedness. Among hikers, local residents showed stronger appreciation for ecology and connectedness than tourists, while no such differences were observed among non-hikers. Repeat visitors, regardless of hiking status, also exhibited distinct preferences. These findings suggest potential for resident-led management programs focused on natural environments and trails, with a priority on increasing repeat visitor engagement to enhance cultural and traditional value.

Comparison of Serum Protein Electrophoresis Values in Wild and Captive Whooping Cranes ( Grus americana )

Wood Buffalo National Park — 2015 — WHE02F62DCEAC

Wild whooping cranes exhibit distinct serum protein profiles compared to their captive counterparts, reflecting differences in immune stimulation and natural history. Research found that wild juveniles had significantly lower concentrations of most protein fractions than both wild adults and captive juveniles, except for prealbumin and γ globulins. Wild adults also showed higher γ globulin levels than captive adults, likely due to increased antigenic exposure. Captive juveniles displayed lower prealbumin, albumin concentrations, and albumin:globulin ratios compared to captive adults. The study utilized serum samples from wild cranes at Aransas National Wildlife Refuge (adults) and Wood Buffalo National Park (juveniles), alongside captive crane samples from the International Crane Foundation. This research provides reference intervals for serum protein electrophoresis in captive adult whooping cranes, offering insights into their health and immune response.

Comportamento turístico dos visitantes do Parque Nacional da Serra da Capivara

Serra da Capivara National Park — 2015 — WHE7292995D7E

A study analyzing tourist behavior at Serra da Capivara National Park, a UNESCO World Heritage Site in Brazil's northeast, reveals that visitor satisfaction significantly influences their perception of the park's image and future visitation. Using 217 questionnaires, researchers found strong correlations between satisfaction levels, information sources, and motivations for visiting. While the park is highly regarded by visitors, the study also highlights vulnerabilities related to its disclosure as a tourist destination. This research contributes to understanding how cultural tourism can drive socioeconomic development while managing potential risks.

Composition of Fatty Acids and Tocopherols Content in Oilseeds of Six Wild Selected Plants from Kahuzi-Biega National Park/DR. Congo

Kahuzi-Biega National Park — 2015 — WHEE12892ED15

Research on six wild oilseed plants from Kahuzi-Biega National Park, Democratic Republic of the Congo, reveals significant variations in fatty acid (FA) and tocopherol content. Prunus africana seeds exhibited the highest oil yield (42.2%) with stearic acid dominating its saturated FA fraction (76.19%), while Sesbania sesban seeds showed the highest levels of polyunsaturated FAs, including linoleic acid (58.82%) and alpha-linolenic acid (5.88%). Tocopherol content was highest in S. sesban oil (10.9 mg/100 g), followed by Entada abyssinica and Macaranga kilimandscharica oils. These findings highlight the potential for selecting specific plants based on desired FA and tocopherol profiles, supporting sustainable exploitation for commercial and nutritional purposes.

Composition of Soil Seed Banks in Relation to Four Different Land Use Patterns in Tropical Moist Forest Lands of Southwest Lowlands, Sri Lanka

Sinharaja Forest Reserve — 2015 — WHE096AB658BE

A comparative analysis of soil seed banks across four distinct land use patterns—natural forest, Pine plantations, tea lands, and Kekilla fernlands—in the Sinharaja Forest Reserve revealed significant variations in species composition and diversity. Natural forests exhibited the lowest species diversity (Shannon index: 1.37), while Pine lands (2.22) and tea lands (1.58) demonstrated higher diversity, with graminoid and herbaceous species dominating the latter. The study employed germination trials on composite soil samples from 12 sites to assess viable seed counts, uncovering that tree species were most prevalent in natural forests and Pine plantations. These findings underscore the critical role of land use patterns in shaping soil seed bank dynamics, offering insights into potential re-vegetation processes in disturbed tropical moist forest ecosystems.

Conflict of Local People and Larger Mammals - A Case of Chitwan National Park in Central Nepal

Chitwan National Park — 2015 — WHE7E674304A0

Chitwan National Park, a UNESCO World Heritage Site in Nepal, faces significant human-wildlife conflict despite its rich biodiversity. The study reveals that while local people and larger mammals like rhinoceros, tigers, and elephants have positive interactions—such as promoting tourism and maintaining ecosystem balance—they also experience negative conflicts, primarily due to crop damage (e.g., mustard, maize) and livestock losses. These conflicts arise from competition over resources and restrictions on park use for locals. The research used a cross-sectional design with 100 participants, employing quantitative and qualitative methods like interviews and questionnaires to analyze these intricate relationships. To mitigate these issues, the study suggests coordinated efforts between park authorities and local communities, emphasizing sustainable coexistence that benefits both wildlife conservation and human livelihoods.

Conquest of the deep, old and cold: an exceptional limpet radiation in Lake Baikal

Lake Baikal — 2015 — WHEF4D4A5BFF3

Lake Baikal, the world's deepest and oldest lake, hosts an exceptional radiation of limpets (Acroloxidae) with 25 endemic species, primarily found in shallow littoral zones but recently discovered in deep abyssal environments like hydrothermal vents. A molecular phylogeny using mitochondrial and nuclear data reveals that this limpet diversification began much later than the lake's age, possibly coinciding with rapid deepening and cooling during rifting events. While the exact timing of abyssal colonization remains unclear, it likely occurred between the Middle to Late Pleistocene, aligning with the formation of the northern basin's abyssal zone. This study sheds light on the adaptive evolution of these limpets in response to extreme environmental conditions.

Conservation and authenticity: Interactions and enquiries

Venice and its Lagoon — 2015 — WHE119858BDDA

A critical reassessment of authenticity in conservation reveals that its meaning is multifaceted, with recent neuroscience research demonstrating distinct brain responses to authentic versus copied artifacts. The study examines how cultural heritage charters—such as the Athens Charter and Venice Charter—have historically applied authenticity, often without unified criteria, and explores its implications through case studies, including restorations of ancient marble sculptures and Michelangelo’s Sistine Chapel frescoes. It argues for a more integrated, discipline-spanning approach to evaluating authenticity, acknowledging that debates have evolved significantly in the past two decades.

Conservation And Conflicts In The Sundarban Biosphere Reserve, India

The Sundarbans — 2015 — WHE32BE276116

A critical balance between conservation and local livelihoods emerges as the central finding of a study on the Sundarbans Biosphere Reserve, India's largest mangrove ecosystem and a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The research reveals that while conservation efforts to protect endangered Bengal tigers are crucial for global biodiversity amid climate change threats, they also intensify resource-access struggles for local fishermen in core and buffer areas. This conflict underscores the complex interplay between human activities and environmental protection, challenging traditional conservation strategies and highlighting the need for sustainable solutions that integrate local livelihoods with ecological preservation. The study employs qualitative analysis to examine these tensions, offering insights into the broader dynamics of human-environment relationships in the Sundarbans region.

Conservation of imperiled crayfish, Euastacus clarkae Morgan, 1997 (Decapoda: Parastacidae), a highland crayfish from the Gondwana Rainforests of Australia’s World Heritage Area

Gondwana Rainforests of Australia — 2015 — WHEAB78334D62

A recent comprehensive survey of the Gondwana Rainforests of Australia’s World Heritage Area has significantly advanced the conservation understanding of Clark’s crayfish (Euastacus clarkae), a critically endangered highland species. The study, conducted by the Australian Crayfish Project, mapped its distribution across the entire Hastings River catchment (3846 km²), revealing that the species is confined to headwater streams at elevations between 670–1150 meters, with an Extent of Occurrence of just 200 km². Nearly all populations were found within Werrikimbe National Park, where they are locally abundant. Based on these findings, researchers recommend downlisting the species from Critically Endangered to Endangered in conservation assessments. The study also provides a key for identifying Euastacus crayfish species in the region and offers critical data to inform future management strategies.

Conservation, community archaeology, and archaeological mediation at Songo Mnara, Tanzania

Ruins of Kilwa Kisiwani and Ruins of Songo Mnara — 2015 — WHE403D67CF2F

A storm-triggered collapse at Songo Mnara, a UNESCO World Heritage Site on Tanzania’s southern coast, exposed the complexities of heritage conservation and community engagement. The subsequent rebuilding effort revealed tensions between local stakeholders, including the Village Ruins Committee, and international organizations like UNESCO. While the committee played a pivotal role in stabilizing the graveyard, its contributions were often overlooked, highlighting the challenges of equitable collaboration. This case study underscores the need for recognizing local efforts in community archaeology to align international heritage agendas with local historical memory and foster sustainable investment in cultural monuments.

Construcción discursiva de memorias del pasado reciente en medios argentinos

ESMA Museum and Site of Memory – Former Clandestine Centre of Detention, Torture and Extermination — 2015 — WHE71A7CD090B

Media discourses in Argentina between 2004 and 2008 revealed contrasting narratives about the transformation of ESMA (Escuela Superior de Mecánica de la Armada) into a Museum of Memory, highlighting divergent interpretations of recent military history. The study found that national newspapers Página 12 and La Nación constructed distinct meanings around the site's past as a clandestine detention center under military rule, reflecting broader societal debates on memory and historical accountability. This comparative analysis demonstrates how media discourse shapes public perception of traumatic pasts, offering insights into the discursive construction of collective memory.

Constructing Paradise One Tree at a Time in the Golden State

Redwood National and State Parks — 2015 — WHE6053A57263

Jared Farmer's 'Trees in Paradise' reveals how California's treescape, particularly its iconic sequoias and coast redwoods, became central to the state's identity and the 'California Dream.' The study explores the biocultural history of these trees, showing their role in shaping ideas about antiquity, immigration, labor, and environmental conservation. Farmer's approach transcends a linear narrative by associating each tree type with distinct cultural and historical facets, such as the sequoias' symbolism of American patriotism and the redwoods' association with capitalist exploitation and preservation movements like the Save-the-Redwoods League and Sierra Club. The research highlights the tension between human ambition—such as the Kings River Lumber Company's ambitious flume project—and ecological realities, ultimately contributing to the creation of protected areas like Redwood National Park.

Consumer Culture, Self-Prescription, and Status: Nineteenth-Century Medicine Chests in the Royal Navy

Maritime Greenwich — 2015 — WHED96FE21F32

Nineteenth-century medicine chests from the Royal Navy, despite being symbols of affluence and consumer culture, offered limited effective self-prescription options even to affluent individuals. A comparative analysis of four personal medicine chests alongside an institutional one reveals that these objects served dual purposes: practical health remedies and status symbols reflecting socio-economic trends like Victorian mobility and consumerism. The study highlights the gendered nature of seemingly neutral consumer goods and provides insight into the psychological distinction between nineteenth-century health consumers and modern ones. By examining material culture, this research underscores the influence of consumer culture on both personal and institutional practices within a distinct social group, advocating for more object-based historical studies.

Contextual Aware Computing and Tourism: A Case Study

Costiera Amalfitana — 2015 — WHE69FB7B5F54

An adaptive mobile application leveraging the Context Dimension Tree (CDT) successfully enhances personalized tourism experiences on the Amalfi Coast, particularly in Praiano. The app dynamically tailors recommendations based on users' real-time location and profiles, accommodating diverse tourist groups such as Italian and foreign visitors. Experimental results demonstrated its effectiveness, offering a scalable model for context-aware computing in heritage tourism. This approach bridges technological innovation with cultural preservation, providing a data-driven solution to improve visitor engagement while respecting site-specific characteristics.

Continuous measurements of greenhouse gases and atmospheric oxygen at the Namib Desert Atmospheric Observatory

Namib Sand Sea — 2015 — WHE361444D998

Researchers established a new coastal background site at Gobabeb, Namibia, to measure greenhouse gases (GHGs) and atmospheric oxygen in the data-poor central Namib Desert. The study introduced continuous measurements of carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, carbon monoxide, and oxygen using advanced instruments like cavity ring-down spectrometers (CRDS), off-axis integrated cavity output spectrometers (OA-ICOS), and differential fuel cell analyzers (DFCA). Despite challenges such as fine dust, high diurnal temperature variability, and minimal infrastructure, the study demonstrated that these instruments can provide reliable data when operated under controlled conditions. A drift correction for the OA-ICOS improved performance significantly. The findings highlight the feasibility of long-term GHG monitoring in remote desert environments, contributing valuable data to global sampling networks.

Conto de Amaro: percurso do eleito e auxílio feminino na busca do paraíso terreal

Monastery of Alcobaça — 2015 — WHEC6940DB1B5

A unique 15th-century Portuguese manuscript, Conto de Amaro, reveals a distinct narrative tradition where female figures play a pivotal role in guiding the protagonist to a 'Terrestrial Paradise.' Unlike comparable medieval texts such as Navigatio Sancti Brendani Abbatis or Irish tales like The Voyage of Bran, this anonymous work emphasizes feminine agency, aligning it with Celtic storytelling traditions. The text, preserved in Codex 266 at the Monastery of Alcobaça, blends elements of imaginary voyages and religious symbolism, offering a rare glimpse into Portuguese medieval literary culture.