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Publications

Showing 23701 – 23720 of 30345 publications

Morphodynamics of Tidal Channels In the Open Coast Macrotidal Flat, Southern Ganghwa Island In Gyeonggi Bay, West Coast of Korea

Getbol, Korean Tidal Flats — 2015 — WHE5F7252FB16

A study on the Getbol, Korean Tidal Flats, reveals that monsoonal weather significantly influences the stratigraphic architecture of inclined heterolithic stratification (IHS) in macrotidal environments. Researchers observed rapid point-bar migration and sediment accumulation during the summer rainy season, with rates exceeding 40 meters per month, compared to minimal migration during winter. Enhanced ebb currents due to heavy precipitation and rill erosion accelerated these processes, while wave activity during winter facilitated deposition on the upper part of the point bar. The research highlights that IHS geometry can provide insights into depositional settings and climate regimes, suggesting a strong monsoonal influence even in macrotidal environments.

Morphogenetic Peculiarities of the Shul'gan-Tash Karst System

Rock Paintings of Shulgan-Tash Cave — 2015 — WHE45BE4E34F5

The Shulgan-Tash karst system, located in the Ural Mountains, exhibits unique morphogenetic features with a vertical amplitude of 442 meters and an areal karstification coefficient of 0.15%. This system is notable for its diverse surface elements, including karren, potholes, ponors, karst depressions, dry streams, and karst lakes, as well as underground components such as grottos and caves. Among these, Kapova cave stands out due to its significant paleolithic paintings, contributing to the site's cultural and scientific importance. The study analyzes the morphogenetic peculiarities of this system, providing insights into its geological development and the interplay between surface and subsurface karst processes.

Morphological adaptation of Nepeta pamirensis Franch. (Lamiaceae) to the conditions of the Pamir Mountains

Tajik National Park (Mountains of the Pamirs) — 2015 — WHE2A3C3D2189

Nepeta pamirensis, a plant species native to the Pamir Mountains, exhibits remarkable morphological adaptability, forming three distinct life forms—herbaceous caudex taproot perennials, cushion semishrubs, and aeroxylic semishrubs—in response to varying habitat conditions. This study reveals that these life forms are not only structurally diverse but also exhibit unique phases of morphogenesis, which contribute to their survival in the challenging high-altitude environment. The research describes the functional and zonal structures of shoot systems for each life form, providing insights into how Nepeta pamirensis adapts to extreme conditions through morphological plasticity.

Morphology and environment in some fossil Hominoids and Pedetids (Mammalia)

Fossil Hominid Sites of South Africa — 2015 — WHE903C3BB029

Fossil evidence from South Africa challenges the 'savannah hypothesis,' revealing that early hominids evolved in more vegetated environments, not open grasslands. The study highlights mixed adaptations for bipedalism and arboreal locomotion in these fossils, suggesting a complex interplay between morphology and habitat. Similarly, fossil rodents (Pedetidae) from East and Southern Africa exhibit distinct springing adaptations linked to forested versus open, drier habitats. Robust, heavy-jumping species thrived in forests, while smaller, gracile forms adapted to grassy landscapes during desertification. This research demonstrates that skeletal morphology reflects environmental pressures, offering insights into evolutionary patterns in both hominoids and rodents.

Morphology of Atmospheric Particles over Semi-Arid Region (Jaipur, Rajasthan) of India: Implications for Optical Properties

Jaipur City, Rajasthan — 2015 — WHEC89D9B19BA

A study on atmospheric particles over Jaipur, Rajasthan, reveals that mineral dust aerosols with high hematite content (~5.68%) can significantly alter their optical properties, leading to both underestimation (by ~5.6%) and overestimation (up to 9.1%) of Single Scattering Albedo (SSA) at 550 nm wavelength when modeled as equivalent spheres. The research, conducted during late winter 2012, identified a predominance of 'Layered', 'Angular', and 'Flattened' particles with aspect ratios (AR) around 1.4 and circularity parameters (CIR) near 0.8, indicating high non-sphericity. The findings underscore the importance of regionally representative dust morphological data for accurate estimation of mineral dust's radiative forcing, particularly in semi-arid regions like Jaipur, adjacent to the Thar Desert.

Mortar samples from the Abbey of Saint John at Müstair: a combined spatially resolved X-ray fluorescence and X-ray absorption (XANES) study

Benedictine Convent of St John at Müstair — 2015 — WHE47BF39297C

Advanced synchrotron-based techniques, including spatially resolved X-ray fluorescence (XRF) and X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES), reveal the chemical composition and structural details of mortar samples from the 8th-century Benedictine Convent of St John at Müstair. The study identifies key elements and their distributions within the mortar, providing insights into its historical formulation and potential degradation processes. By combining these high-resolution methods, researchers uncover the intricate chemistry of this UNESCO World Heritage Site's construction materials, offering a deeper understanding of medieval craftsmanship and conservation challenges.

Moscow

Kremlin and Red Square, Moscow — 2015 — WHE11685BD1E4

Moscow is revealed as a city with a rich literary culture that mirrors its turbulent history. The study highlights how the city's monuments and landmarks, such as the Central House of Writers and Café Pushkin, serve as physical manifestations of its literary heritage, reflecting both its aristocratic past and Soviet-era struggles. The research approach involves an analysis of notable literary figures, their works, and their connections to specific locations within Moscow, including statues, metro stations, and cemeteries like Novodevichy. It also explores the city's dynamic present, where literature continues to engage with contemporary political and cultural events, illustrating the enduring influence of its past on its present.

Mound Sites of the Ancient South: A Guide to the Mississippian Chiefdoms by Eric E. Browne (review)

Cahokia Mounds State Historic Site — 2015 — WHE9C513787A0

Mound Sites of the Ancient South: A Guide to the Mississippian Chiefdoms by Eric E. Browne offers a comprehensive and accessible exploration of Mississippian mound sites, providing insights into the complex societies that thrived in the Southeast from 900 to 1600 AD. The book synthesizes current archaeological knowledge, including findings from Cahokia Mounds State Historic Site and other significant locations like Moundville and Etowah Indian Mounds, while addressing gaps in understanding these pre-European civilizations. It examines architectural practices, subsistence, trade, and the impact of European contact on these societies. The guidebook is designed for both travelers and armchair explorers, featuring high-quality illustrations, maps, and photographs that enhance its appeal to a broad audience.

Movement patterns of surf-zone fish species in a subtropical marine protected area on the east coast of South Africa

iSimangaliso Wetland Park – Maputo National Park — 2015 — WHEEAB573951C

A long-term mark-recapture study of surf-zone fish species in the St Lucia Marine Reserve, part of the iSimangaliso Wetland Parkrevealed that most species exhibit station-keeping behavior, suggesting the reserve serves as a critical refuge. While five dominant species (Pomadasys furcatus, Epinephelus andersoni, E. marginatus, Dinoperca petersi, and Lutjanus rivulatus) primarily remained within 200–1,025 meters of their tagging sites, they also made exploratory excursions up to 125 km in both directions. No migratory behavior was observed among the 71 species studied over a 12-year period (2001–2013), with recapture rates ranging from 7% to 50%. The findings highlight the reserve's importance for local fish populations while noting limited export to adjacent areas.

Moving to a new place: the cult of Paphia Aphrodite in Hellenistic Nea Paphos

Paphos — 2015 — WHE2119C2E879

Archaeological evidence confirms that the Hellenistic city of Nea Paphos, founded in the late 4th century BCE, continued to honor Aphrodite Paphia, the divine patroness also worshipped in the older city of Palaia Paphos. Epigraphic material from the site provides substantial proof of her cult's presence in the new settlement, shedding light on the continuity of religious practices during urban relocation. The study examines the identity and visual representation of the goddess—likely through a cult statue—and the probable location of her sanctuary within Nea Paphos.

MtDNA Analysis Suggests Local Origin of Pelagic-Stage Juvenile Green Turtles Collected in Japanese Coastal Waters

Ogasawara Islands — 2015 — WHE620CEB066B

A groundbreaking study suggests that juvenile green turtles, previously thought to drift with oceanic currents from their natal beaches, may instead remain in Japanese coastal waters. Analyzing mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) of nine newly collected turtles with straight carapace lengths (SCLs) under 35 cm, researchers found that most likely hatched on nesting sites in the Ogasawara Islands or the Ryukyu Archipelago. This challenges the assumption that such young turtles migrate extensively across the northwestern Pacific. The study, combining new data with historical records, highlights the need for localized conservation efforts to protect these endangered animals during their early life stages.

MtDNA lineage diversity of a potamonautid freshwater crab in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa

iSimangaliso Wetland Park – Maputo National Park — 2015 — WHE8474753FA8

A recent study reveals hidden biodiversity within the freshwater crab genus Potamonautes in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. Using mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) analysis, researchers identified two distinct lineages within Potamonautes sidneyi, suggesting the presence of a novel species, particularly around the iSimangaliso Wetland Park—a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Additionally, the study confirmed that Potamonautes isimangaliso is a distinct taxon, though closely related to Potamonautes lividus, which may also represent a species complex. This research highlights the importance of mtDNA analysis for uncovering cryptic diversity and underscores the unique conservation value of freshwater crab populations in this region.

Muldfjælsplovens tidlige historie – Fra yngre romersk jernalder til middelalder

Archaeological Border complex of Hedeby and the Danevirke — 2015 — WHE2BF6A8C6F5

Recent archaeological discoveries have challenged the long-held belief that the mouldboard plough was introduced to Denmark during the Medieval period (c. AD 1000-1200). Contrary to previous assumptions, evidence suggests that this implement was already in use during the Late Roman Iron Age (c. AD 200-400), predating its association with the open-field cultivation system by approximately 700-800 years. The study, based on well-preserved ploughing traces and wooden components from sites like Tating-Haferacker and Danevirke, indicates that the mouldboard plough was part of an earlier agricultural revolution, influencing settlement structures and land use long before the Medieval era. This finding reshapes our understanding of technological adoption in Denmark, suggesting a more gradual integration of advanced cultivation techniques rather than a sudden Medieval innovation.

Multi-species Perspectives on Anthropogenic Environments: Dental Pathology Patterns, Marquesas Islands (Polynesia)

Te Henua Enata – The Marquesas Islands — 2015 — WHE7203623194

A multi-species dental pathology analysis of humans, pigs, and dogs from the Marquesas Islands reveals worsening environmental conditions over 600 years of human occupation. Increased calculus and caries suggest dietary shifts adverse to oral health, while rising enamel hypoplasia severity indicates heightened non-specific stressors. Pigs also show evidence of changing human management practices. The study combines species-specific life histories with pathology patterns to link anthropogenic impacts and deteriorating climate to declining conditions across all three species.

Multi-Year Impacts of Ecotourism on Whale Shark (Rhincodon typus) Visitation at Ningaloo Reef, Western Australia

Ningaloo Coast — 2015 — WHE47609A4502

A five-year analysis of whale shark (Rhincodon typus) encounters at Ningaloo Reef, Western Australia, found no evidence that ecotourism interactions negatively impacted shark visitation patterns. Instead, physical and biological environmental factors were identified as the primary drivers of whale shark presence. The study, which examined 2,823 encounter records for 951 individual sharks collected between 2007 and 2011, revealed that re-encountered sharks tended to arrive earlier, stay longer, and be encountered more frequently within a season compared to those seen only once. Sequential year comparisons showed no consistent patterns of disturbance, and shark departure rates were negatively correlated with the number of operator trips, further supporting the lack of ecotourism impact. This research provides a methodological framework for assessing the effects of ecotourism on marine megafauna visitation over multiple years.

Municipal Waste Map: a Case Study of Guimarães, Portugal

Historic Centre of Guimarães and Couros Zone — 2015 — WHE8B1CC7C8FA

A comprehensive Municipal Waste Map for Guimarães, Portugal—a UNESCO World Heritage Site and candidate for European Green Capital 2020—reveals critical insights into waste production patterns shaped by urban density, land use, and socio-demographic factors. The study highlights that one-third of the population resides in the urban core, significantly influencing waste management challenges. By integrating multi-disciplinary data on land use, citizen demographics, and human resources, researchers have mapped waste generation across a 'diffuse territory,' where varied economic activities create distinct scenarios. This approach supports the development of a Strategic Waste Plan (2016–2025), aligning with Guimarães' sustainability goals, including its bid for European Green Capital status.

Museum of Light: The New Acropolis Museum and the Campaign to Repatriate the Elgin Marbles

Acropolis, Athens — 2015 — WHEF3FBFE9ACE

The New Acropolis Museum, designed to replicate the natural light conditions of the Parthenon, has become a powerful tool in the campaign for the repatriation of the Elgin Marbles. While it is often argued that the sculptures are best appreciated under Athens' bright sunlight, this study challenges that assumption, asserting that the museum's design, driven by political motives, actually disrupts the original architectural context in which these marbles were displayed in 5th century BC. The research examines how the emphasis on natural light, both during the construction of the museum and in repatriation campaigns, has shaped perceptions and arguments surrounding the display and ownership of the Elgin Marbles.

Music and Ritual in the Procession of All Souls Day in Seville Cathedral (14th – 17th centuries)

Cathedral, Alcázar and Archivo de Indias in Seville — 2015 — WHE2F0BAE0B94

The All Souls Day procession in Seville Cathedral, spanning the 14th to 17th centuries, uniquely integrated spatial and sensory elements, particularly sound, creating a profound emotional impact on citizens. This ritual, tied to theological themes of Purgatory, demonstrated a gradual increase in private endowments over time, reflecting its significance. The procession's dramatic transformation in the late 15th century and its distinct auditory identity set it apart from other annual processions, with 211 such events occurring annually by the early 18th century. The study emphasizes the interplay between liturgical rank, spatial dynamics, and sensory experiences, offering insights into the cultural and religious evolution of Seville during this period.

Mycobial Deterioration of Stone Monuments of Dharmarajika, Taxila

Taxila — 2015 — WHE30A87576AF

A study on the mycobial deterioration of stone monuments at Dharmarajika, Taxila, revealed that 19 fungal species, including Alternaria alternata, Aspergillus spp., and Cladosporium herbarum, contribute to biodeterioration through biofilm formation and organic acid production. These fungi secrete corrosive acids such as oxalic, citric, and acetic acids, which accelerate stone decay—a significant threat to the preservation of tropical heritage sites. The research highlights the role of microbial metabolism in monument degradation, emphasizing the need for targeted conservation strategies.

Myth, Literature, and the Creation of the Topography of Thebes

Ancient Thebes with its Necropolis — 2015 — WHE755EDFA358

Thebes' urban topography, shaped over millennia, mirrors its mythic past more closely after Alexander the Great's destructive campaign in 335 BC. This study reveals how Greek literature—from oral epics to Roman travel accounts—influenced the city's physical development, blending fictional narratives with real spaces. By analyzing literary representations alongside archaeological evidence, researchers demonstrate that Thebes' built environment increasingly reflected its legendary history, particularly after catastrophic events. The findings highlight the interplay between myth, literature, and urban planning in one of Greece's most myth-rich cities.