World Heritage Research: Search

Publications

Showing 25601 – 25620 of 30315 publications

The Parks, Promenades and Gardens of Paris

Palace and Park of Versailles — 2014 — WHE34DC0FD2D7

William Robinson's 1869 work, 'The Parks, Promenades and Gardens of Paris,' highlights the transformative role of urban green spaces in mitigating overcrowding and enhancing livability in Paris. Robinson, a renowned horticulturist and journalist, documented the innovative landscaping trends, including small planted open spaces, squares, and courtyards, which he credited with preventing pestilential conditions and promoting social equity by providing accessible green areas for all residents. His observations during the 1867 Paris International Exposition also covered Versailles' gardens and the agricultural practices supporting Parisian markets like Les Halles. This work offers valuable insights into historical urban planning, horticulture, and the interplay between landscape design and public health, making it relevant to both historians and contemporary urban studies.

The Pennsylvanian Springhill Mines Formation: sedimentological framework for a portion of the Joggins Fossil Cliffs UNESCO World Heritage Site

Joggins Fossil Cliffs — 2014 — WHE928B343035

A detailed sedimentological analysis of the Springhill Mines Formation at Joggins Fossil Cliffs reveals significant insights into the geological evolution of the region. The study reassigns a 16.9-meter interval to the top of the Joggins Formation, indicating a rapid flooding event that created a marginal marine to brackish bay environment. The overlying 697 meters of strata, assigned to the Springhill Mines Formation, show a transition from poorly drained coastal swamps and floodplains to well-drained, vegetated floodplains with oxidizing conditions. This shift is accompanied by changes in fluvial style from anastomosed channels to sheet-like and ultimately meandering channels, reflecting decreased halokinetic subsidence and aggradation of the alluvial surface as sediments prograded into the basin.

The Peopling of the North Atlantic: Isotopic Results from Norway

Bryggen — 2014 — WHEE6B2AA2C40

Strontium isotopic analysis of over 200 samples from Norway, including human remains and floral/faunal specimens, reveals that coastal populations exhibit lower strontium ratios (average 0.713) than expected from local geology due to marine influences like sea spray and diet. This finding challenges assumptions about prehistoric migration patterns in the North Atlantic, suggesting Norway as a key homeland for early colonists. The study's comprehensive dataset—comprising 144 human samples and 56 bioavailable references—provides critical baseline data for tracing population movements at UNESCO World Heritage Sites like Bryggen, Trondheim, and Hamar.

The Perceived Impacts of Tourism: The Case of Ha Long Bay, Vietnam

Ha Long Bay - Cat Ba Archipelago — 2014 — WHEEB1032BC93

Residents of Ha Long Bay, Vietnam, overwhelmingly support tourism development, viewing it as beneficial for economic and socio-cultural growth while expressing mild concerns about environmental impacts. This study, conducted through in-depth interviews with 11 local residents, reveals a nuanced perspective on tourism's role in the UNESCO-listed site. While residents appreciate its contributions to livelihoods and cultural preservation, they acknowledge potential ecological consequences, highlighting the need for balanced development strategies that mitigate negative effects while sustaining tourism's positive outcomes.

The pictures on the greater Jelling stone

Jelling Mounds, Runic Stones and Church — 2014 — WHEDF3168468F

The Greater Jelling Stone, a pivotal artifact at the UNESCO World Heritage Site of Jelling Mounds, Runic Stones and Church, reveals a sophisticated Christian iconography that likely reflects the influence of Ottonian German missionaries. The stone's three carved surfaces—one bearing a runic inscription mentioning King Harald Blåtand and Denmark's conversion, another depicting an animal entwined with a snake, and the third showcasing the earliest Scandinavian image of Christ—are interpreted as a diptych symbolizing the Trinity (God the Father and God the Holy Spirit) united in the redemption of mankind. This interpretation draws from early Christian sources, particularly Pope Gregory the Great's writings, suggesting that the stone's design was deliberately crafted to convey theological harmony rather than conflict. The study proposes that Christ is depicted ascending to heaven, reinforcing the unity of the Trinity.

The Pilgrimage to Santiago de Compostela, Spain

Santiago de Compostela (Old Town) — 2014 — WHE64DC7067E1

Santiago de Compostela is a convergence of cultural, historical, and spiritual significance. The pilgrimage to Santiago de Compostela, rooted in the legend of St. James the Apostle, has evolved from a medieval religious rite to a modern-day journey attracting diverse pilgrims. The study explores the transformation of this pilgrimage route over centuries, highlighting its role as a geopolitical transect linking cultural landscapes and fostering peace between separatist nations and the state. Research approaches include historical analysis, topological mapping, and ethnographic observations, revealing the Camino de Santiago's enduring appeal as both a spiritual and cultural phenomenon.

The Politics of Haunting and Memory in International Relations

Memorial sites of the Genocide: Nyamata, Murambi, Gisozi and Bisesero — 2014 — WHEBC4D662A07

International Relations traditionally overlooks the role of dead bodies and memorialization practices, but this study reveals how statecraft relies on constructing clear divisions between life and death. Drawing on Jacques Derrida's concept of hauntology, it explores the politics of memory through three empirical cases: Rwandan genocide memorials (including Nyamata, Murambi, Gisozi, and Bisesero), undocumented immigrants dying at the US-Mexico border, and 9/11 memorialization. The research offers a unique perspective by examining these spaces from the viewpoint of dead bodies, challenging conventional narratives in critical international relations, security studies, and memory studies.

The politics of military control in the west coast

Maratha Military Landscapes of India — 2014 — WHED9A33A5F21

A complex geopolitical landscape characterized by overlapping military and commercial conflicts marked the west coast of India during the mid-seventeenth century. Shivaji's strategic expansion, culminating in the establishment of Sindhudurg as a naval headquarters, reshaped regional dynamics before his confrontation with Maharaja Jai Singh, a Mughal commander. Simultaneously, Jai Singh sought alliances with the Sidis of Janjira to counter Shivaji's advances. This shifting politico-military equilibrium was further disrupted by the emergence of Kanhoji Angre, a notable Maratha seafarer, in the early eighteenth century. The study employs historical analysis and primary sources to dissect these competitive interactions among the Marathas, Mughals, indigenous powers, and European entities.

The population size and breeding range of the Scaly-sided Merganser Mergus squamatus

Central Sikhote-Alin — 2014 — WHE6B0C2B5DB1

A global population estimate of approximately 4,660 Scaly-sided Mergansers (Mergus squamatus) prior to reproduction was determined through surveys conducted between 2000 and 2012. This Endangered species' breeding range spans about 7,800 kilometers across 120 rivers in the Sikhote-Alin mountain range (Russia), Changbai Mountains (China), and potentially DPR Korea. The study applied breeding densities from surveyed areas to un-surveyed rivers within the range, clarifying that the species' range does not extend as far west as previously thought. While habitat loss in China likely reduced population size and range, particularly in Heilongjiang Province, no comparable historical data exist to assess changes definitively.

The Porticoes of Bologna: Methodology for sustainable restoration

The Porticoes of Bologna — 2014 — WHE3EEB07D555

Sustainable restoration of the Porticoes of Bologna, recognized as part of a larger monument where individual elements contribute to its poetic and architectural integrity, requires tailored guidelines. These guidelines ensure operational precision and quality standards while preserving historical value. The study emphasizes that no single portico can be isolated from the whole without diminishing its significance, necessitating context-specific restoration approaches.

The Prambanan temple pits

Prambanan Temple Compounds — 2014 — WHE34C4C32BAE

A comprehensive survey of scholarly literature on the Prambanan Temple Compounds, also known as Candi Loro Jonggrang, reveals significant insights into its architectural and religious significance. The study, 'In Praise of Prambanan,' combines a detailed examination of existing research with translations of seminal articles by prominent Dutch scholars who had firsthand knowledge of the site. It explores the cultural and historical context that facilitated the creation of this Hindu-Javanese temple complex, offering a richly illustrated analysis through photographs, drawings, and maps. The work serves as both an academic reference and an accessible overview for educated audiences, bridging scholarly depth with broader accessibility.

The Precarious Present: Wageless Labor and Disrupted Life in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Rio de Janeiro: Carioca Landscapes between the Mountain and the Sea — 2014 — WHE4EF44A940E

Research reveals that the cyclical migration of catadores—workers who reclaim recyclables from Rio de Janeiro’s garbage dumps—reflects a complex negotiation between the desire for stable wage labor and the relational autonomy afforded by wageless work. This study demonstrates that returns to the dump are not a surrender to precarity but rather a strategic politics of detachment, enabling life to be lived meaningfully in fragile times. By analyzing the experiences of urban poor in Rio’s periphery, the research highlights how specific histories of capitalism in the global South shape the intersection of precarious labor and precarious life. The findings underscore the agency embedded in precarity, challenging conventional narratives about economic marginalization.

The Real Bounty: Marine Biodiversity in the Pitcairn Islands

Henderson Island — 2014 — WHE8ECC302989

A groundbreaking survey of the Pitcairn Islands, one of the most remote and least impacted marine regions in the Pacific, revealed extraordinary biodiversity with 51 new algal records, 23 coral species, and 15 fish species. The study, conducted in 2012, found significant variations in ecological communities across four islands (Ducie, Henderson, Oeno, and Pitcairn) based on age, isolation, and geomorphology. Ducie exhibited the highest coral cover (56%) and top predator dominance (62% of fish biomass), while Pitcairn was dominated by erect macroalgae (42%) and herbivorous fishes. The research also uncovered high regional endemism in fish assemblages (45%), peaking at 56% on Ducie. Additionally, deep-sea surveys using drop-cameras identified 57 fish species, including rare and undescribed ones, extending the known depth range for shallow reef sharks and other reef fishes down to 300 meters. These findings underscore the Pitcairn Islands' unique biodiversity value and emphasize the urgent need for protection.

The reconstruction of the Śiva temple at Prambanan

Prambanan Temple Compounds — 2014 — WHE0D1E64406E

In Praise of Prambanan offers a comprehensive exploration of the Hindu-Javanese temple complex, Candi Prambanan, through a two-part structure. The first part provides an extensive survey of existing scholarly literature and historical context, elucidating the religious and cultural conditions that facilitated its creation. The second part presents translated articles by prominent Dutch scholars, offering firsthand insights into the temple's significance. Richly illustrated with photographs, drawings, and maps, this work serves as a definitive resource for understanding Prambanan's architectural and historical importance.

The red coral populations of the gulfs of Naples and Salerno: human impact and deep mass mortalities

Costiera Amalfitana — 2014 — WHEDFD9852139

A significant decline in red coral (Corallium rubrum) populations, with densities dropping to fewer than five colonies per square meter in most areas of the Gulf of Naples, highlights severe stress likely exacerbated by water pollution and sedimentation. Healthy populations were only found around the Phlegrean Islands (Ischia and Procida), while historical coral banks showed extensive mortality. A recent mass mortality event along the Amalfi coast, affecting 80% of colonies estimated to be 70 years old, suggests potential causes such as localized downwelling currents or sudden warm water emissions linked to volcanic activity. The study used Remotely Operated Vehicle (ROV) surveys in 2010 and 2012 to assess coral health across 25 sites, revealing the impact of human activities like trawling and fishing on these deep-sea ecosystems.

The rediscovery of the Aldabra banded snail, Rhachistia aldabrae

Aldabra Atoll — 2014 — WHE978980F98A

The Aldabra banded snail, Rhachistia aldabrae, previously declared extinct due to climate-driven decline, was rediscovered on Malabar Island in 2014. Initial research by Gerlach (2007) suggested its extinction was linked to decreased rainfall and prolonged dry periods, based on shell collection data from 1895–2006. However, the snail's reappearance challenges this conclusion while not invalidating climate as a potential factor in its population dynamics. The rediscovery underscores the need for rigorous reassessment of extinction criteria for small organisms and highlights ongoing debates about biodiversity loss and climate change impacts.

The relationship between the Shang and the ethnic groups on the Northern Frontiers as reflected in the northern-style bronzes unearthed in Yinxu Site

Yin Xu — 2014 — WHE03D2D7C40D

Archaeological analysis reveals that northern-style bronzes found at the Yinxu Site, particularly from the late stages of Phase I and II during the reigns of Kings Wu Ding and Zu Jia, signify frequent warfare between the Shang Dynasty and ethnic groups inhabiting the Northern Frontier Zone. This study suggests that these ethnic groups, such as the Qiong Fang, Tu Fang, or Fang Fang, primarily resided in mountainous regions spanning western Shanxi, northeastern Shaanxi, and northern Hebei Provinces. By examining oracle bone inscriptions and the characteristics of frontier bronzes, researchers propose that military conflict was the primary form of interaction between the Shang and these northern groups, highlighting its significance for establishing exchange networks with the Eurasian Steppe.

The Relationship between Tourism and Socio-Economic Aspects of the Maasai in Ngorongoro Conservation, Tanzania

Ngorongoro Conservation Area — 2014 — WHE6635F8AA88

Tourism significantly contributes to the socio-economic development of the Maasai community in Tanzania's Ngorongoro Conservation Area (NCA), accounting for 92% of the area's total economy and generating substantial employment. Despite some claims of minimal economic impact, residents widely appreciate the social and economic changes brought by tourism, particularly in livestock services, education, healthcare, culture, lifestyle, resource ownership, and infrastructure development. A survey of 120 local residents from four wards revealed that tourism plays a pivotal role in enhancing their quality of life, challenging perceptions of its limited benefits.

The Remarkable Life of Ansger, a Breton Monk and Poet from the Loire Valley Who Became Bishop of Catania in Sicily 1091–1124

The Loire Valley between Sully-sur-Loire and Chalonnes — 2014 — WHE8AC71D2CA7

Newly uncovered details reveal the remarkable life of Bishop Ansger, a Breton monk and poet from the Loire Valley who played a pivotal role in establishing the Latin Church in Arabic Sicily post-Norman conquest. Originally a monk at St. Florent of Saumur, Ansger undertook a pilgrimage to Jerusalem before ascending to the position of prior at St. Eufemia in Calabria. His distinguished career, spanning 33 years, included his appointment as the first bishop of Catania by Count Roger of Sicily and Pope Urban II, where he oversaw the construction of Catania's great cathedral church and contributed significantly to its cultural life. Ansger also likely facilitated the introduction of Latin abbeys from the Holy Land into Sicily. His legacy includes a notable 50-line rhymed testament, showcasing his poetic prowess.

The Rise and Fall of Plankton: Long-Term Changes in the Vertical Distribution of Algae and Grazers in Lake Baikal, Siberia

Lake Baikal — 2014 — WHE4C8532495D

A 45-year analysis of Lake Baikal, the world's oldest and deepest lake, reveals significant shifts in the vertical distribution of plankton due to rising surface water temperatures. The study found that heavy diatoms descended deeper by 1.90 meters per year, while zooplankton groups like cladocerans, rotifers, and immature copepods moved shallower at rates of 0.57-0.75 meters per year. These changes increased vertical overlap between herbivorous copepods (Epischura baikalensis) and their algal food, potentially altering energy flow in the lake's ecosystem. Researchers attribute these shifts to warming surface waters and reduced mixing, a trend observed in large lakes globally.